An apparatus for studying the processes of laser action on various materials, including biological tissue, is described. The system makes it possible to obtain thermograms of the sample surface, ...conduct high-speed video recording, and record acoustic signals in a wide frequency range during experiments. The system was tested using a pulsed nanosecond high-frequency laser source with a wavelength of 3.03 μm. The samples were exposed to pulses with a duration of 1.5 ns and a frequency of 8 MHz. It is shown that it is possible to use a laser system to obtain incisions on biological tissues of various types without carbonization. The obtained experimental data made it possible to clarify the mechanism of the action of laser radiation on the surface of water-saturated biological tissues.
Event-related rhythmic brain activity underlying responses to sound stimulus movement (the motion onset response, MOR) was studied. EEG recordings were made in conditions of either active or passive ...localization of moving stimuli by healthy subjects. The influences of the directedness of the listener’s attention and the speed of the stimulus on the overall response (MOR) and on event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) and phase coherence (inter-trial phase coherence, ITC) were studied. Passive localization of moving stimuli evoked phase reorganization of activity in the δ–α range. The maximum movement speed induced weakly coherent oscillations. Attraction of attention to sound movement was more strongly reflected in rhythmic activity than in the overall reaction. Active localization was accompanied by phase rearrangement and increases in δ–θ oscillations after movement onset and the appearance of oscillations which were not phase-synchronized with movement stimulus onset.
This data article is related to the previous research, which addressed the development of a COVID-19 recombinant vaccine candidate. Here, we present the additional data in support of the safety and ...protective efficacy evaluation of two COVID-19 vaccine candidates based on the coronaviruses’ S protein fragments and a structurally modified plant virus – spherical particles. The effectiveness of the experimental vaccines was studied against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in an in vivo infection model in female Syrian hamsters. The body weight of vaccinated laboratory animals was monitored. The histological assessment data of the infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus hamsters’ lungs are provided.
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The precedence effect refers to a group of auditory phenomena related to the ability to localize sound sources in reverberant environment. The precedence effect was investigated using a localization ...task in the free sound field. The signal consisted of a direct sound (lead) and a moving target sound (lag). Lead–lag delays ranged from 1 to 40 ms. The lead was always stationary (+15°). The moving lag traveled to or from the lead along two paths situated at two locations (from –86° to –52° and from –52° to –86°). The subjects marked the start and end points of the trajectory of the moving sounds. Localization of the start and end points of the lag was compared with localization of the single source. It was found that the lead affected the start and end points of the lag trajectory. The shift depended on the direction of movement. The start points were always shifted in the direction of motion of the lag. The end points were shifted in the opposite direction. The shifts were decreasing as the delay was increasing. The effect of the lag on the lead localization was small.
New expressions that account for the formation of acrylate midchain radicals by intramolecular transfer and their subsequent propagation, termination, and transfer events have been derived for ...polymerization rate, average chain-length, and chain-length distribution under stationary conditions. The nonidealities observed in previous kinetic studies are captured in a single lumped rate coefficient, θ, that controls the apparent order of rate on monomer concentration. Applied to rate data from the literature, the treatment yields consistent estimates for θ and k p/k t 0.5 for butyl acrylate polymerization at 50 °C. Combining these ratios with chain-end propagation values determined by pulsed-laser polymerization, intramolecular transfer rate coefficients estimated from 13C NMR data, and/or radical concentrations measured by ESR provides a new means to estimate the individual rate coefficients for acrylate polymerization systems. It is also shown that estimates for butyl acrylate transfer to monomer rate coefficients obtained from chain-length distributions are valid even in the presence of acrylate backbiting events.
Spectra of Raman scattering in the range of about 20 to 60 GHz are measured in Tris suspensions of the morphologically similar Alternanthera mosaic virus and potato virus X. Lines are observed whose ...frequency shift does not agree with the calculated values of the dominant vibrational modes in the mechanical model of the investigated virions as a single whole. These frequencies are related, in our opinion, to acoustical vibrations of functional groups of proteins and amino acids.
An adaptive optical system is developed to correct the wavefront of laser radiation distorted by a turbulent air flow. The use of a field-programmable gate array as the main control element makes it ...possible to achieve a system bandwidth of 2 kHz. The results of experiments on dynamic correction of the phase of a laser beam distorted by a flow of heated air are presented and analysed.
This paper is based on geological and geophysical data obtained during the 53th expedition of the R/V
Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov
. We analyze the structure of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge segment, 400 km ...long, in the North Atlantic (between 48° N and 51.5° N). According to our studies, this segment is characterized by specific structures formed during the formation of the oceanic crust with a reduced supply of basaltic melts. This factor leads to tectonic outcropping of deep and mantle rocks of the lower crust during the continuous extension in the rift valley. These processes, called “dry” spreading, were previously unknown in the North Atlantic.
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