The advantages and prospects are considered of using an electronic system for spatial measurement of air motion parameters having a fixed incoming flow receiver and ultrasonic instrumentation ...channels with frequency primary informative signals and a built-in computer on various aviation equipment and small-sized aircraft. Analytical models were developed, the calculation and analysis of instrumental and methodic errors of the instrumentation channels of the electronic system under consideration was carried out.
Abstract
Secondary raw materials formed in the technological process of production of such products as pumpkin juice, beet sugar, etc. is a promising source of useful components, including fiber, ...pectin substances, macro- and microelements in bioavailability form, etc. It was determined that the water-binding capacity of powders from pumpkin pomace and sugar beet pulp, as well as oat flour, is higher than that of wheat and rye flour by 20.9-22.8%. The study developed the composition of a flour mixture including, %: peeled rye flour - 60, second grade wheat flour - 20, pumpkin pomace powder - 6.3, sugar beet pulp powder - 5.7, oat flour - 8. It is determined that preliminary soaking of powders of pumpkin pomace and sugar beet pulp, as well as oat flour has a positive effect on the physical and chemical properties of bakery products, as well as the content of aromatic compounds in them. The content of dietary fiber in the developed products is 20% of the daily requirement, which makes it possible to classify the developed bread as functional food products.
We report on the low-temperature magnetic properties of the DyScO3 perovskite, which were characterized by means of single crystal and powder neutron scattering, and by magnetization measurements. ...Below TN=3.15 K, Dy3+ moments form an antiferromagnetic structure with an easy axis of magnetization lying in the ab plane. The magnetic moments are inclined at an angle of ∼±28∘ to the b axis. We show that the ground-state Kramers doublet of Dy3+ is made up of primarily |±15/2〉 eigenvectors and well separated by a crystal field from the first excited state at E1=24.9 meV. This leads to an extreme Ising single-ion anisotropy, M⊥/M∥∼0.05. The transverse magnetic fluctuations, which are proportional to M⊥2/M∥2, are suppressed, and only moment fluctuations along the local Ising direction are allowed. We also found that the Dy-Dy dipolar interactions along the crystallographic c axis are two to four times larger than in-plane interactions.
Atom probe tomography (ATP) is a technique that has actively been developed in recent years. This method allows one to investigate three-dimensional distributions of chemical elements in various ...materials with atomic spatial resolution. The raw APT data reconstruction algorithm uses the geometry of evaporated ion trajectories. However, the basic algorithm uses the approximation of rectilinear trajectories of ions moving from the specimen to the detector. In this study, we present the main approaches to adapting and optimizing the basic APT data reconstruction algorithm concerning the mass reconstruction procedure. Methods for taking into account the nonlinear distortions of ion trajectories due to the wide-angle detection system and other features of ion detection in atom probe tomography are demonstrated. Using a titanium alloy (Ti—5Al—2.7Mo—2Zr), we demonstrate that the consideration of the above effects in the reconstruction of ATP data makes it possible to increase the mass resolution,
m
/Δ
m
50%
, of the main peaks of the mass spectrum to 600 and above. In general, the set of performed procedures allows one to achieve a high accuracy of the positioning of the peaks up to 0.01 amu and ensures a significant (more than tenfold) increase in the mass resolution for mass spectrum peaks that are distant from the main peaks.
1 School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom; 2 Department of Experimental Zoology, Balaton Limnological ...Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Tihany, Hungary; and 3 Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular and Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
We have identified a TTX-resistant low-threshold persistent inward sodium current in the cerebral giant cells (CGCs) of Lymnaea , an important state-setting modulatory cell type of molluscan feeding networks. This current has slow voltage-dependent activation and de-activation kinetics, ultra-slow inactivation kinetics and fast de-inactivation kinetics. It activates at approximately 90 mV, peaks at approximately 30 mV, reverses at approximately +35 mV and does not show full voltage-dependent inactivation even at positive voltage steps. Lithium-sodium replacement experiments indicate that the persistent sodium current makes a significant contribution to the CGC membrane potential. Injection of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) into the CGC cell body produces a large increase in the persistent sodium current that lasts for several hours. cAMP injection also leads to increased bursting, a significant decrease in the resistance and a significant depolarization of the soma membrane, indicating that cAMP-dependent mechanisms induce prolonged neuronal plasticity in the CGCs. Our observations provide the first link between cAMP-mediated modulation of a TTX-resistant persistent sodium current and prolonged neuronal plasticity in an identified modulatory cell type that plays an important role in behavioral state setting.
Address for reprint requests: G. Kemenes, School of Life Sciences, Dept. of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK (E-mail: G.Kemenes{at}sussex.ac.uk )
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In this study, we first used prestin, an electromotive protein of the mammalian auditory analyzer, as a voltage-sensitive core of a genetically encoded voltage indicator. Prestin-5, one of the ...chimeric proteins obtained as a fusion of prestin and the fluorescent reporter FusionRed, demonstrated a fluorescent response to a change in membrane potential, characterized by submillisecond kinetics. Thus, we demonstrate the performance of prestin in fluorescent voltage-sensitive constructs.
The importance of reliable information is substantiated in terms of aerodynamic angles and air speed for piloting, control, and ensuring the flight safety of airplanes and other types of aerial ...vehicles in the surface layer of the atmosphere. Analytical models are developed and results of calculating the methodological aerodynamic errors of measuring the true air speed, indicated speed, Mach number, and aerodynamic angles of attack and slip for the panoramic sensor of the air speed vector parameters, are presented. The ways are considered of reducing the systematic and random components of aerodynamic methodological errors by introducing the corrections to calculation algorithms, implementing the principles of interconnecting and optimal filtration.
Abstract
A modern human is exposed to numerous stresses associated with an intensive lifestyle, the impact of aggressive factors of man-made habitat, high rates of urbanization, etc. This led to the ...need to correct a considerable part of the lifestyle, as well as approaches to nutrition. It is especially topical for children and youth, since during this period all the body systems are initiated and formed, ensuring its normal operation throughout the rest of life. One of the key tasks of preserving and improving the health of the population, especially in childhood and adolescence, is the need for balanced nutrition in terms of the proportion of nutrients consumed. These include proteins, fats and carbohydrates, as well as the number of macro- and microelements, such as iron, copper, zinc, etc. We will present an example of calculating the optimal food ration from the point of view of material costs, satisfying the required balanced nutrition of children and adolescents. It is studied by algorithmic means from the standpoint of a statistical approach to the task of the initial physico-chemical data on the composition of the product.
Express MS identification of biological tissues has become a much more accessible research method due to the application of direct specimen ionization at atmospheric pressure. In contrast to ...traditional methods of analysis employing GC-MS methods for determining the molecular composition of the analyzed objects it eliminates the influence of mutual ion suppression. Despite significant progress in the field of direct MS of biological tissues, the question of mass spectrometric profile attribution to a certain type of tissue still remains open. The use of modern machine learning methods and protocols (e.g., “random forests”) enables us to trace possible relationships between the components of the sample MS profile and the result of brain tumor tissue classification (astrocytoma or glioblastoma). In this study it has been shown that the most pronounced differences in the mass spectrometric profiles of these tumors are due to their lipid composition. Detection of statistically significant differences in lipid profiles of astrocytoma and glioblastoma may be used to perform an express analysis during surgery and inform the neurosurgeon what type of malignant tissue he is working with. The ability of accurate determination of the tumor boundaries significantly improves the quality of surgical intervention and postoperative rehabilitation, as well as the duration and quality of life of patients.
The functional diagram is given, analytical models of processing and determining of the aerodynamic angle and true airspeed of the panoramic sensor with the fixed receiver of incident flow and ...ultrasonic instrumentation channels are disclosed. The competitive advantages and prospects of using the original panoramic sensor of the aerodynamic angle and true airspeed with ultrasonic instrumentation channels on small-sized manned and unmanned aircraft vehicles are revealed.
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