The present study was conducted at Experimental Fruit Orchard (Square 9), Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan. Cultivars selected for experiment were ...15 years old trees of Anwar Ratool, Samar Bahisht (S.B) Chaunsa and Alphanso. All experimental trees received similar cultural practices for fertilizers, irrigation and plant protection during the investigation period. Malformed and fruit carrying panicles (healthy panicles) and barren panicles (whose fruit dropped after betting with a pencil) were pruned on April 01, 15 and May 01, 2002. Panicles pruned in these dates were tagged and allowed to stay intact to study their vegetative and reproductive growth behavior. Significant results were recorded regarding month wise emergence of flushes, flush size and number of leaves per flush in these varieties.
Alkali metal ion exchange (Li+, Na+ and K+) on iron(III) phosphate (FePO4) was studied potentiometrically as a function of temperature and metal ion concentration. The uptake behaviour of iron(III) ...phosphate was inferred from a comparison of the K+ ions sorbed and the loss of H+ ions from the exchanger. FT-IR spectroscopic studies and dissolution studies of FePO4 confirmed the uptake mechanism of alkali metal cations as cation exchange. The potentiometric titration data were employed to evaluate the apparent dissociation constants of iron(III) phosphate which were found to depend on the temperature of the system. The corresponding thermodynamic parameters ΔH0 and ΔS0 were also evaluated.
Impact of sweet potato cultivars on blood glucose level in diabetic and healthy participants Zakir, S. (Sargodha Univ. (Pakistan). Dept. of Food Science and Technology); Sarwar, M. (University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (Pakistan). Inst. of Animal Nutritional and Feed Technology); Allen, J. (North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh (USA). Dept. of Food Sciences) ...
International journal of agriculture and biology,
(May 2008), Letnik:
10, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) all over the world is alarming, since nearly 7% of the world population and 12% of the population in Pakistan is affected by it. Although allopathic medicine ...has made tremendous progress, its cost is soaring, side effects are numerous and the control of DM remains unabated. The symptomatic treatment (without proper diagnose of blood glucose/insulin level & HbA1c) through indiscriminate use of allopathic medicine is quite common. The objective of the present study was to show that sweet potato has an impact on blood glucose healthy and diabetic participants. White star (Pakistan) and Beauregard (US) cultivars were analyzed through bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay and electophorses to determine true protein and identify protein banding pattern, respectively. In diabetic persons, the mean value of two hours postprandial blood glucose level (mg dL-1) were 296 in glucose-control (T1), which declined to 246 in white star (T2), marginally increased to 301 in glucose + Caiapo (T3), substantially decreased to 216.29 in white star-skim (T4 despite fasting glucose level was at 253, and decreased to 257 in Beauregard (T5), respectively with coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 35% to 43%. The average value of two hours insulin varied from 5.21 to 12.85 muLU mL-1. The preliminary results indicated that sweet potato has a blood glucose lowering effect on the person with diabetes and Caiapo had compatible results in normal subjects. White star and its skin showed better results than Beauregard as evident from the postprandial glucose level and insulin response. These findings present a great opportunity for the North Carolina, US and Pakistan farming community/industry to consider developing new markets for sweet potato products that offer anti-diabetic health benefits.
This study was conducted to elucidate relationship between testicular protamine mRNA expression and spermatogenic activity in the quail as the following experiments. (1) Quail were raised under ...continuous light condition after hatching and body weights, testis weights, spermatogenic activity and protamine mRNA levels were determined weekly between 3 and 8 weeks. (2) The other group of quail raised under continuous light condition up to 6 weeks after hatching were kept in either continuous light or reduced light-length (8-hour light, 16-hour darkness) conditions for 3 weeks. At 6 and 9 weeks old, the same parameters were measured as in the foregoing experiment. Spermatogenic activity was evaluated by Bartholomew's classification after histological examination of the testis and mRNA expression of testis protamine was analyzed by Northern blot. Between 3 and 5 weeks old, body weights, testis weights, and cloacal gland protrusion areas significantly increased and thereafter they stayed at plateau levels. Spermatogenic activity markedly increased from stage 2 to 6 between 3 and 5 weeks old and stayed at stage 6 up to 8 weeks old. Spermatids and immature sperm were firstly observed at 4 weeks old. Protamine mRNA levels were also first detected at 4 weeks old and increased at 5 weeks old. A marked expression were maintained after 6 weeks old. In contrast, short daylengths treatment after 6 weeks old significantly reduced testis weights, cloacal gland protrusion areas, spermatogenic activity, and protamine mRNA levels at 9 weeks old (P< 0.05 ) when compared to those raised under continuous light condition. Spermatogenic activity dropped from the full activity of stage 6 to elongated spermatid (6) or spermatocyte (2-3) stage after the treatment. Protamine mRNA levels also significantly decreased in response to short daylengths. These results suggest that protamine mRNA expression is highly related to spermatogenic activity in the quail.
Sweet potato glycemic index in relation to serum glucose level in human participants Zakir, S. (Sargodha Univ. (Pakistan). Dept. of Food Science and Technology); Allen, J.C. (North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh (USA). Dept. of Food Sciences); Sarwar, M. (University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (Pakistan). Inst. of Animal Nutritional and Feed Technology) ...
International journal of agriculture and biology,
(May 2008), Letnik:
10, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The glycemic index (GI) is a useful method to educate the diabetics in better managing the disease. Several researchers identified its shortcomings of it being overly pessimistic and or optimistic. ...Despite GI weaknesses, the method faired better in explaining the rise and fall of blood glucose level with the intake of high or low glycemic carbohydrates. Thus, in this article, GI of sweet potato cultivars namely white star (Pakistan) and Beauregard (US) were estimated in a study enrolled 40 subjects (20 each normal & Diabetic) from Pakistan. The GI's were compared with that of glucose as control and Caiapo. Mean glycemic response for normal subjects was 100.28, 98.64, 98.12 and 101.32 for dehydrated white star, Glucose + Caiapo, Whit Star skin and dehydrated Beauregard, respectively. In case of diabetic subjects, the mean response of white star; Glucose + Caiapo; white star skin and Beauregard varied from 72.84; 68.03; 67.10 and 77.67, respectively. The white star skin index was lowest followed by glucose + Caiapo, dehydrated white star and Beauregard, respectively. In summary, white star and its skin followed by Beauregard indicated blood glucose lowering effect on diabetic subjects. White star skin followed by Caiapo showed blood glucose reduction in normal subjects. Both metabolic and epidemiologic data indicated that substitution of high GI with low GI carbohydrates can reduce the risk of type-2 diabetes. This in turn will improve glycemic control and. reduce hypoglycemic episodes among those treated with insulin.
List of proceedings from the HAWC Collaboration presented at the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 30 July - 6 August 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands.
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