After the collapse of the bipolar world, multilateral initiatives and organizations got into a crisis, but at the same time their importance increased. The author analyses one form of multilateral ...involvement, the UN peacekeeping operations. In the last five years, their number has significantly increased. The most important among them is one on the territory of the former Yugoslavia. Although many aspects of that operation are negative, in the future they might prove useful for the reform of the concept of peacekeeping operations to make a shift from the prevention of hostilities towards the enforcement of peace as well as the need to separate this objective from humanitarian activities which should be assigned to specialized international organizations. The peacekeeping operations should evolve into a sort of multilateral interventionism which resolutely restricts invidual states' sovereignity and strives at establishing order. They could be supplemented with other means of pressure at the UN's disposal: sanctions, diplomatic isolation or arms control.
Nakon sloma bipolarnog svijeta u krizu su dospjele multilateralne inicijative i organizacije, no istodobno raste njihovo značenje. Autor pobliže analizira jedan oblik multilateralnog angažmana, ...mirove operacije UN-a. U posljednjih pet godina znatno je porastao njihov broj, a najznačajnija se mirovna operacija vodi na području bivše Jugoslavije. Iako su mnoga iskustva te operacije negativna, ona bi u budućnosti mogla biti od koristi za reformu koncepta mirovnih operacija. Autor osobito naglašava nužnost da se mirovne operacije od zamrzavanja sukoba pomaknu prema nametanju mira te da se potonji cilj strogo razdvoji od humanitarnih zadataka, koje valja prepustiti za to specijaliziranim međunarodnim organizacijama. Mirovne se operacije trebaju razviti kao oblik multilateralnog intervencionizma, koji nedvojbeno ograničava suverenost pojedinih država i teži uspostavi reda. One se mogu nadopuniti i drugim sredstvima pritiska kojima raspolaže UN: sankcijama, diplomatskom izolacijom ili kontrolom naoružanja.
Pojava tzv. neutronske bombe na svjetskoj političkoj sceni uznemirila je duhove, posebno u Evropi. Bura protesta širom svijeta zdrava je reakcija sve svjesnijeg međunarodnog javnog mnijenja.
Prikazi Pešić, Savo; Žiborski, Krešimir; Brkljačić, Ivo ...
Politička Misao,
1978, Letnik:
XV, Številka:
1
Book Review
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Edvard Kardelj, SKJ u revolucionarnoj akciji; Pierre Dockes, Internacionala kapitala; Socijalizam i američke vrijednosti; Svjetsko naoružanje i razoružanje - World Armaments and Disarmament; Dr ...Branimir M. Janković, Teorija i stvarnost u nauci o međunarodnim odnosima; France Vreg, Društveno komuniciranje
This study sought to evaluate the influence of methodologic aspects on variations in the findings of in vitro microleakage studies of the implant-abutment interface.
The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane ...Library databases were consulted for in vitro studies published between 1990 and August 2011. Date from the studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were arranged in tables and subjected to descriptive analysis.
Twenty-one studies were found to be eligible for the analysis after application of the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Sixteen studies used bacteria (76.2%), one used a bacterial toxin (4.76%), one used saliva (4.76%), two employed dyes (9.52%), and one used a combination of dyes and bacteria (4.76%). Eight studies evaluated microleakage from the inner portion of the implant to the external portion (38.1%) and nine examined the reverse (42.85%), while four studies investigated the relationship between them (19.05%). The volume inoculated inside the implants ranged from 0.1 to 5.0 mL. The bacterial concentrations used in the tests ranged from 2.41 x 10⁶ to 8 x 10⁸ colony-forming units/mL. Oral bacterial flora; mixtures of bacteria, toluidine blue, and gentian violet; and lipopolysaccharide of Salmonella enterica bacterial toxins were used. The monitoring period of test results ranged from 24 hours to 11 weeks for bacteria, 5 minutes to 7 days for dye, and 7 days for bacterial toxins. In four studies, microleakage was correlated with the size of the implant-abutment microgap. The external-hexagon implant configuration showed the greatest microleakage, followed by internal-trilobe, internal-hexagon, and internal-taper configurations.
The lack of standardization hinderd comparisons of the studies and could explain the divergent results. It is suggested for future studies that special emphasis be placed upon inoculation and analysis of the specific volume for each system, lower concentrations of inoculated bacterial suspensions, and shorter follow-up time when using bacteria.
