Con datos del Sistema de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera se caracteriza la productividad de maíz grano en el ámbito municipal de Campeche, México, mediante estadística multivariada, análisis ...espacial de la producción y aplicación de una encuesta a productores para así determinar los factores que condicionan la competitividad del sector en el interior del estado. A medida que se pasa del norte al sur del estado, el autoconsumo y empleo de semillas criollas para la siembra aumenta, por lo que se reduce la competitividad (beneficio/costo): Hopelchén (1.80, norte del estado), Champotón (1.38, centro) y Candelaria (0.97, sur). De acuerdo con la encuesta, se concluye que aspectos de sanidad, desorganización de productores y falta de esquemas de comercialización limitan la productividad de maíz en el estado.
A new species of Malaxis Solander ex Swartz (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Malaxideae), M. medinae Carnevali & Noguera Savelli, from Trujillo State in Andean Venezuela is proposed herein. The new ...taxon is related to the widespread M. soulei L. O. Williams, a species found from the southwestern United States southward into Panama. The plants, however, are smaller (to only 12.7 cm) and have proportionally longer peduncles (to 4.5 cm) that bear fewer flowers (12 to 25 per spike) with a much more triangular labellum with parallel apical teeth (vs. convergent in M. soulei).
A new species of Crossoglossa (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Malaxideae), Crossoglossa acuminatissima, from Santander del Sur Department in Colombia, is described and illustrated, and its affinities ...are discussed. Malaxis tipuloides var. exigua is raised to the rank of species as Crossoglossa exigua, and its report from Venezuela constitutes the first record of the genus Crossoglossa in that country. /// Se describe Crossoglossa acuminatissima de Santander del Sur en Colombia y se provee una ilustración y una discusión de sus afinidades. Malaxis tipuloides var. exigua se eleva al rango de especie como Crossoglossa exigua, y su reporte para Venezuela constituye el primer registro del género en ese país.
The knowledge of native melliferous flora (MF) may contribute to identify the diversity of species available for beekeeping activities during the dry and rainy seasons of the year in the Yucatan ...Peninsula (YP) region. The acute shortage of food resources considerably reduce local honey production and needs to be addressed appropriately. The objective of this study has been identifying the local MF, their nectar and pollen contribution, their flowering patterns, and the criteria of the vegetation to be established adjacent to local apiaries for stable production of quality honey. The study also investigates how this approach helps to complete the annual flowering cycle required to maintain the honeybee colonies, thereby preventing swarm escapes during periods of acute food stress in the community of Xmabén, Hopelchén, Campeche, Mexico.
We conducted a comprehensive survey based on interviews with 40 local beekeepers and a review of herbarium specimens (CICY) of the database of the global information network on the native MF biodiversity with high apiculture potential, the contribution of nectar and pollen they provide, and their flowering patterns. Furthermore, we documented interviews with the same beekeepers on the necessary conditions for establishing the ideal components of vegetation in areas adjacent to apiaries for high-quality honey production in the Xmabén community of Hopelchén, Campeche, Mexico.
We have identified 56 native MF species with apiculture potential, that need to be planted around the apiaries for assisting honeybees in successfully running the beekeeping production cycle. Hence, the MF diversity of Xmabén community constitutes a valuable resource for successful beekeeping in the region and adjoining localities. We found that 22.5% of local beekeepers are dedicated exclusively to apilcilture, while 77.5% practice it as a secondary activity due to better sources of income in agriculture (60%), masonry (10%), and livestock management (7.5%). The data generated can help in further expansion of the local apiaries, beekeeping business, and in building future opportunities for the local apiculture industry. Indigenous knowledge of the beekeepers was comprehensive and corroborated the technical information on MF collected from the herbarium, further emphasizing the value of indigenous knowledge on traditional beekeeping practices.
From the perspective of human ecology, our study reveals the need of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting indigenous knowledge to facilitate traditional beekeeping practices of the region without using expensive, modern technology to solve ecosystem-based problems through long-term, sustainable, traditional, and environment friendly approaches.
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