The experimental research on the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for burn therapy has been published several times. However, current clinical procedure remains a challenging discussion. This ...systematic review assesses the safety and efficacy of administering mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to burns and determines the most effective source of MSCs for burn therapy. We reviewed several studies through PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and DOAJ online databases. PRISMA-P 2020 method was used based on inclusion and exclusion criteria that were re-selected through Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools. Results from 13 articles showed that MSCs are safe for burn therapy with minimal side effects/complications and have the potential to repair tissue and accelerate burn healing through several mechanisms. The treatment of MSCs in burns is influenced by donor characteristics and related to the severity and area of the burn. It can be concluded that the administration of MSCs is safe and effective in burn therapy. Keywords: burns, mesenchymal stem cells, therapeutic safety, therapeutic efficacy, wound healing
Plant sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) contains a glycosyltransferase domain, which specifically catalyzes reactions with the nucleotide sugar uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-G) as a donor ...substrate. Unlike plant SPS, bacterial SPS is predicted to bind other nucleotide sugars, such as adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADP-G). This study aimed to identify the UDP-G binding site of sugarcane (
Saccharum officinarum
) SPS (
So
SPS1) and to improve its affinity for ADP-G by site-directed mutagenesis. To achieve targeted mutagenesis, amino acid distribution and comparative modeling studies were performed, followed by site-directed mutagenesis of
So
SPS1 in the putative UDP-G binding motif. The N-terminal deletion of
So
SPS1 (∆N-
So
SPS1) was used for enzymatic analysis. The results showed that mutations in the R-X
4
-K, E-X
7
-E, and H-X
5
-V motifs significantly affect UDP-G and ADP-G binding. Mutations at R496 and K501 severely attenuate the affinity for UDP-G. Additionally, alanine substitutions at E591 and V570 decreased the UDP-G affinity but remarkably increased its ADP-G affinity. The R-X
4
-K motif plays a crucial role in the UDP-G binding site and catalytic activity of plant SPS; thus, its alteration to other amino acids was not viable. The E-X
7
-E and H-X
5
-V motifs may bind to the nucleotide glucose substrate, indicating that these motifs are involved in substrate specificity. These results agree with substrate docking simulations at the mutated residue positions, supporting the experimental results. These results demonstrate that mutation of E591 and V570 severely attenuated the UDP-G affinity, while retaining its activity against ADP-G, offering strategic insights into increasing sucrose synthesis and plant growth.
Skin infection case is still highly found in Indonesia with prevalence at 4.6-12.95%. The highest prevalence rate was found in the pesantren. The skin infection disease that often observed in ...students that lives in pesantren mainly Scabies. The prevalence of scabies in pesantren found more than 43%. This shows that the spread of skin diseases in the pesantren is still high. Actually, this coundation that caused by a microorganism infection is can be prevented easily. Hand hygiene is of utmost concern to everyone and is the earliest and most effective method of preventing the transmission of health-related pathogenic microbes. Efforts to keep hands clean is one important step to prevent disease and prevent disease transmission to others. This activity is carried out through counseling using the lecture method through the help of video media and leaflets. After that, a demonstration of how to wash hands with soap was carried out through six steps, which were then followed by all activity participants who were students in the Assaaadah Islamic Boarding School, Serang Banten Regency. This activity was successfully carried out even though in a pandemic condition that caused the boarding school to be closed completely to visitors, but with these limitations, an online approach was made to carry out the activity. The results of the activity show that 50 students of the modern Assaadah Islamic boarding school have understood the importance of washing hands with soap, the theory scabies, and the principles of clean living in a communal environment.
COVID-19 is caused by a coronavirus and was first identified in Wuhan, China. Clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients show a significant decrease in lymphocytes. Decreased lymphocyte count is a factor ...that increases severity in COVID-19 disease. COVID-19 patients who died reported a very low number of lymphocytes compared to COVID-19 patients who recovered. Increasing lymphocytes to normal levels again, especially in the initial phases of infection, is one of the keys to healing COVID-19 patients. The immune system can be used as a strategy for COVID-19 treatment. Still, immunomodulators must be given at the right time at the beginning of infection, with the right dose, not to cause deterioration in the patient. Immunomodulator administration in the final stage can cause severity in COVID-19 disease due to increased cytokine storm. Therefore, Immunodulator screening, which increases lymphocyte counts, is essential for COVID-19 treatment strategies in the initial stage. Lymphocytes are easily isolated from human blood and consist of NK (Natural Killer) cells, T cells (for cell-mediated, adaptive cytotoxic immunity), and B cells (for humoral, antibody-driven adaptive immunity). Lymphocytes can be isolated from the blood and cultured in vitro. Animal intervention studies showed that immunomodulatory substances could be used for immunomodulator screening candidates for COVID-19 in initial stage therapy. Some candidates for active ingredients that can be used as immunomodulators are honey. Honey has been shown to increase mouse T cell proliferation. This systematic review shows that honey can increase lymphocyte proliferation and have an anti-inflammatory function by lowering IL-6 levels in several in vivo studies.
Background: The usage of cyclophosphamide leads to infertility of reproductive system caused by acrolein. Acrolein can itself cause oxidative damage by depletion of cellular glutathione (GSH) by ...conjugation, leading to membrane disruption, DNA and mitochondrial damage and can exacerbate apoptosis, which may affect spermatogenesis. Zinc (Zn) which is constituents of superoxide dismutase, has a protective effect towards free radicals from physiological or pathologic effects to minimize the cell’s damage.
Objective: The purpose of this research was to know the effect of Zn on the spermatozoa count of Mus musculus that was given cyclophosphamide intraperitoneally.
Methods: In the present study, cyclophosphamide was administered in saline 200 mg/kg 1x weekly for 5 weeks by ip route, whereas Zn was supplemented by oral route with doses of 25, 50, 100 mg/Kg/day for 5 weeks. The data were analyzed with Anova and followed by Bonferroni Test at a significant level of 5%.
Results: The result of this research revealed that high Zn diet and Cp administration decrease sperm count simultaneously. It showed by the decrease of sperm count from 1490 (1 x 103)/ml sperm in the control group becomes 240 (1 x 103)/ml sperm in treatment group with 100 mg/kg of oral Zn and 200 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide.
Conclusion: This research shows that Zn supplement to prevent cyclophosphamide toxic effect in spermatogenesis does not have a protective effect, in fact its reduce sperm count by excess of Methallothine production and alter the spermatogenesis by reduce Cu intake from intestine.
Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengtahui tingkat kepuasan peserta didik dalam mengikuti kegiatan belajar secara daring yang dilihat berdasarkan demografi tertentu yaitu berdasarkan ...kelas, jenis kelamin, dan umur.Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini melibat 497 peserta didik di Kabupaten Pagar Alam yang diambil dengan teknik convenience. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Online Course Student Satisfaction yang terdiri dengan 8 item. Data dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif analisis dengan bantuan IBM SPSS for Windows untuk mendeskripsikan menilai tingkat kepuasan belajar online dari peserta didik.Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara keseluruhan dari 497 peserta didik, sebanyak 221 peserta didik memiliki tingkat kepuasan tinggi terhadap pembelajaran daring, kemudian 216 peserta didik memiliki tingkat kepuasan sedang dan 60 peserta didik memiliki tingkat kepuasan rendah.Kesimpulan: Tingkat kepuasan pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring Kepuasan siswa dalam pembelajaran online menjadi indikator terpenting dari kualitas pengalaman belajar secara daring. Tingkat kepuasan peserta didik yang mengikuti pembelajaran daring mayoritas berada pada kategori tinggi, namun pemegang kebijakan tetap harus melakukan evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan pembelajaran secara daring karena masih banyak peserta didik yang memiliki tingkat kepuasan sedang dan rendah. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring harus selalu dievaluasi dengan memerhatikan semua faktor yang memengaruhinyaImplikasi: Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan atau pertimbangan bagi pemegang kebijakan pembelajaran untuk selalu memperhatikan kualitas pendidikan ditengah pandemi covid – 19
Cervical cancer is the one of leading cause of death for women worldwide. It occurs due to infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV) which attacks the cervix in the female reproductive organs. ...The detecting cervical cancer method is by using pap smears and liquid based cytology (LBC) and vaccinations. However, both methods are limited in detecting cervical cancer quickly and accurately. This study aims to find potential biomarkers that will be used to quickly detect the development of cervical cancer. Large-scale studies have shown that microRNA-205 (miRNA) regulation has a very important role in various types of cancer including cervical cancer. The extraction and synthesis of cDNA from 26 preparations of cervical cancer paraffin blocks were measured by quantitative real time PCR to evaluate the expression of miRNA-205 as a biomarker of cervical cancer in cervical cancer samples. Statistical results showed that there was a significant difference in the expression of miRNA-205 which was relatively higher in cervical cancer patients (p<0.05) miRNA-205. In addition, the increased expression of miRNA-205 is associated with an increase in the severity of cervical cancer. We conclude that miRNA-205 is a potential candidate for cervical cancer molecular biomarker.
Video game addiction is recognized as a mental health problem caused by uncontrolled access to video gaming platforms. Proper assistance and counseling programs based on the addiction causing factors ...are required to reduce the tendencies of video game addiction. The study aims to identify the correlation between regulatory focus theory and interpersonal competence towards the tendencies of video game addiction. The study is a type of cross-sectional research with the adapted psychological scales. A total of 136 teenagers, consisting of 86 males and 50 females participated in the survey of self-reported video game addiction. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that regulatory focus and interpersonal competence simultaneously had a significant effect on the tendencies of video game addiction behavior. The findings of the study can provide the basis to provide proper assistance services, in an attempt to reduce the tendencies of video game addiction among teenagers.
Tobacco leaf contains antibacterial secondary metabolite compounds, such as phenol, alkaloids, and essential oils. This study compares the potential antibacterial effects of Indonesian tobacco leaf ...extracted using the heat reflux method (producing an extract) and pyrolysis method (providing a bio-oil). The tobacco leaf extract was challenged against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The bio-oil from the pyrolysis method showed inhibitory Kirby Bauer zones higher than those of the extract from heat reflux method, with the maximum results in the pyrolysis method indicating zones of 6.35 mm (S. aureus), 5.90 mm (E. faecalis), 3.97 mm (E. coli), and 5.025 mm (P. aeruginosa). Further study analyzed the effectiveness of the disc and well diffusion antibacterial test methods for measuring the antibacterial effect of bio-oils against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The bio-oil used in the well diffusion test method showed the most significant antibacterial effectiveness. It showed the biggest inhibition zone, with a maximum of 11.65 mm and 8.90 mm for E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Our results showed Nicotiana tabacum var. Virginia Bio Oil from Ponorogo (Indonesia) is a strong potential antimicrobial, especially using well diffusion test.
A DNA polymerase from Thermus aquaticus remains the most popular among DNA polymerases. It was widely applied in various fields involving the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), implying ...the high commercial value of this enzyme. For this reason, an attempt to obtain a high yield of Taq DNA polymerase is continuously conducted. In this study, the l-rhamnose-inducible promoter rhaBAD was utilized due to its ability to produce recombinant protein under tight control in E. coli expression system. Instead of full-length Taq polymerase, an N-terminal deletion of Taq polymerase was selected. To obtain a high-level expression, we attempted to optimize the codon by reducing the rare codon and GC content, and in a second attempt, we optimized the culture conditions for protein expression. The production of Taq polymerase using the optimum culture condition improved the level of expression by up to 3-fold. This approach further proved that a high level of recombinant protein expression could be achieved by yielding a purified Taq polymerase of about 8.5 mg/L of culture. This is the first research publication on the production of Taq polymerase with N-terminal deletion in E. coli with the control of the rhaBAD promoter system.
Display omitted
•Synthesis of a TaqPol using rhaBAD was successfully demonstrated.•Optimization of codon and culture condition were employed to improve protein yield.•Expression of TaqPol increased by up to 3-fold with a yield of about 7.7 mg/L.•TaqPol was produced in its active form based on quantitative and qualitative assay.
PDF
