This study sought to evaluate the effects of a single session of exercise on the expression of Hsp70, of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and insulin receptor substrate 1 serine 612 (IRSser612) ...phosphorylation in the skeletal muscle of obese and obese insulin-resistant patients. Twenty-seven volunteers were divided into three experimental groups (eutrophic insulin-sensitive, obese insulin-sensitive, and obese insulin-resistant) according to their body mass index and the presence of insulin resistance. The volunteers performed 60 min of aerobic exercise on a cycle ergometer at 60 % of peak oxygen consumption. M vastus lateralis samples were obtained before and after exercise. The protein expressions were evaluated by Western blot. Our findings show that compared with paired eutrophic controls, obese subjects have higher basal levels of p-JNK (100±23% vs. 227±67%, p= 0.03) and p-IRS-1ser612 (100±23 % vs. 340±67 %, p<0.001) and reduced HSP70 (100±16 % vs. 63±12 %, p<0.001). The presence of insulin resistance results in a further increase in p-JNK (460±107 %, p<0.001) and a decrease in Hsp70 (46±5 %, p=0.006), but p-IRS-1ser612 levels did not differ from obese subjects (312±73 %, p<0.05). Exercise reduced p-JNK in obese insulin-resistant subjects (328±33 %,p=0.001), but not in controls or obese subjects. Furthermore, exercise reduced p-IRS-1ser612 for both obese (122±44%) and obese insulin-resistant (185±36%) subjects. A main effect of exercise was observed in HSP70 (p = 0.007). We demonstrated that a single session of exercise promotes changes that characterize a reduction in cellular stress that may contribute to exercise-induced increase in insulin sensitivity.
We evaluated the effect of different water immersion (WI) temperatures on post-exercise cardiac parasympathetic reactivation.
Eight young, physically active men participated in four experimental ...conditions composed of resting (REST), exercise session (resistance and endurance exercises), post-exercise recovery strategies, including 15 min of WI at 15°C (CWI), 28°C (TWI), 38°C (HWI) or control (CTRL, seated at room temperature), followed by passive resting. The following indices were assessed before and during WI, 30 min post-WI and 4 hours post-exercise: mean R-R (mR-R), the natural logarithm (ln) of the square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent normal R-R (ln rMSSD) and the ln of instantaneous beat-to-beat variability (ln SD1).
The results showed that during WI mRR was reduced for CTRL, TWI and HWI versus REST, and ln rMSSD and ln SD1 were reduced for TWI and HWI versus REST. During post-WI, mRR, ln rMSSD and ln SD1 were reduced for HWI versus REST, and mRR values for CWI were higher versus CTRL. Four hours post exercise, mRR was reduced for HWI versus REST, although no difference was observed among conditions.
We conclude that CWI accelerates, while HWI blunts post-exercise parasympathetic reactivation, but these recovery strategies are short-lasting and not evident 4 hours after the exercise session.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Obesity is a low-grade chronic inflammation condition, and macrophages, and possibly monocytes, are involved in the pathological outcomes of obesity. Physical exercise is a low-cost strategy to ...prevent and treat obesity, probably because of its anti-inflammatory action. We evaluated the percentage of CD16 super(-) and CD16 super(+) monocyte subsets in obese insulin-resistant individuals and the effect of an exercise bout on the percentage of these cells. Twenty-seven volunteers were divided into three experimental groups: lean insulin sensitive, obese insulin sensitive and obese insulin resistant. Venous blood samples collected before and 1h after an aerobic exercise session on a cycle ergometer were used for determination of monocyte subsets by flow cytometry. Insulin-resistant obese individuals have a higher percentage of CD16 super(+) monocytes (14.8 plus or minus 2.4%) than the lean group (10.0 plus or minus 1.3%). A positive correlation of the percentage of CD16 super(+) monocytes with body mass index and fasting plasma insulin levels was found. One bout of moderate exercise reduced the percentage of CD16 super(+) monocytes by 10% in all the groups evaluated. Also, the absolute monocyte count, as well as all other leukocyte populations, in lean and obese individuals, increased after exercise. This fact may partially account for the observed reduction in the percentage of CD16 super(+) cells in response to exercise. Insulin-resistant, but not insulin-sensitive obese individuals, have an increased percentage of CD16 super(+) monocytes that can be slightly modulated by a single bout of moderate aerobic exercise. These findings may be clinically relevant to the population studied, considering the involvement of CD16 super(+) monocytes in the pathophysiology of obesity. Significance of the Study Obesity is now considered to be an inflammatory condition associated with many pathological consequences, including insulin resistance. It is proposed that insulin resistance contributes to the aggravation of the inflammatory dysfunction in obesity. The effect of obesity on the percentage of monocytes was previously observed in class II and III obese individuals who presented other alterations in addition to insulin resistance. In this study we observed that insulin-resistant obese individuals, but not insulin-sensitive ones, had an increased percentage of CD14 super(+)CD16 super(+) monocytes. This fact shows that a dysfunction of the monocyte percentage in class I obese individuals is only seen when this condition is associated with insulin resistance.
Esta pesquisa apresenta práticas/ações ambientais realizadas por estudantes do curso de Licenciatura Plena em Geografia, do Centro de Humanidades/CH, da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB), ...durante o período da pandemia de Covid-19. As práticas foram desenvolvidas em forma de pesquisa-ação, pelos estudantes de Geografia, em seus ciclos sociais, para despertar a sensibilização/conscientização ambiental. Estas seguiram metodologias diversas e mostraram que gestos simples do cotidiano podem contribuir para a preservação ambiental e a construção de hábitos sustentáveis que, atrelados à conscientização e sensibilização, procuram valorizar os recursos naturais e combater o consumismo imposto pela sociedade capitalista.
This research presents environmental practices/actions carried out by students of geography course graduation, Humanities Center/CH, at the State University of Paraíba (UEPB), during the period of Covid-19 pandemic. The practices were developed in the form of action research by geography students in their social cycles to raise environmental awareness. These practices mentioned above followed different methodologies and showed that simple everyday gestures can contribute to environmental preservation and construction of sustainable habits that linked to awareness and sensitization, seek to value natural resources and combat consumerism imposed by capitalist society.
Introduction: Cervical cancer represents an important public health problem. It is the 4th most frequent neoplasm among women in Brazil. Its prevention is carried out in all women from 25 to 64 years ...old through cytopathological examination of the cervix, based on a screening that allows the detection of lesions and, thus, the early diagnosis of the disease. Objective: To analyze data regarding the coverage of the Pap smear test in women in the state of Pará, Brazil, and the factors related to not performing the test. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological study carried out with data collection from SISCAN and SISCOLO provided by DATASUS. Results: the total sample analyzed was 762,492 patients, among them, the search for disease screening was the main reason for performing it (95.9%); the age group with the highest achievement was 30 to 34 years old (13.33%). In situ and invasive adenocarcinoma subtypes were more prevalent between 40 and 44 years old (18.13% and 20.37%, respectively). Education level was ignored in 98.38%. The test was considered technically satisfactory in 94.71% of the samples and, among them, 39.40% did not have endocervical or metaplastic cells. Conclusion: the Pap test is the best method for tracking and preventing malignant neoplasms of the uterine cervix, directly impacting the epidemiological indices of the disease, due to its early recognition and treatment. Measures such as women's awareness of the subject, proper training of health professionals who carry out the collection, investment in health actions aimed at women and proper completion of notification forms on the platform are of paramount importance for improving the incidence and mortality rates of the cancer, especially in the North region, which has the highest rates in Brazil.
Abstract Objective Primary objective of this study was to find a statistical link between the most worldwide comorbidities affecting the elderly population (hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthrosis, ...osteoporosis and depression) and recurrent episodes of BPPV. Secondary objective was defining possible “groups of risk” for people suffering recurrent positional vertigo related to the presence of a well documented comorbidity. Methods This was an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter, spontaneous, non-pharmacological study. The data of 1092 patients suffering BPPV evaluated in 11 different Departments of Otolaryngology, Otoneurology and Neurology, referring Centers for positional vertigo evaluation, were retrospectively collected. Results Regarding evaluated comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthrosis, osteoporosis and depression), data analysis showed the presence of at least one comorbid disorder in 216 subjects (19.8%) and 2 or more in 408 subjects (37.4%). Moreover there was a statistical significant difference between the number of comorbidities and the number of recurrences, otherwise said as comorbidity disorders increased the number of relapses increased too. Conclusion The presence of a systemic disease may worsen the status of the posterior labyrinth causing a more frequent otolith detachment. This condition increases the risk for patients suffering BPPV to have recurrent episodes, even if correctly managed by repositioning maneuvers. The combination of two or more of aforementioned comorbidities further increases the risk of relapsing BPPV, worsened by the presence of osteoporosis. On the basis of this results it was possible to define “groups of risk” useful for predicting BPPV recurrence in patients with one or more comorbidity.
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