Cefozopran (CZOP) was administered in the treatment of genitourinary tract infections to investigate its therapeutic effect and safety. Of 18 patients with complicated urinary tract infection (UTI), ...10 were evaluated according to the criteria of Japanese UTI Committee. The overall clinical efficacy rate was 90%, and 14/15 (93%) strains were eradicated bacteriologically. Excellent clinical effects were observed in 2 patients with acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis and 2 with acute prostatitis and one with epididymitis. No side effects were observed during treatment in 23 patients. Abnormal laboratory findings were observed in 2 of 23 patients. We concluded that CZOP was a useful drug in the treatment of genitourinary tract infections.
We basically studied the antimicrobial activity of panipenem and used panipenem/betamipron (PAPM/PB) to treat patients with genitourinary tract infections with the following results. 1) The in vitro ...antimicrobial of panipenem (PAPM) was excellent against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coil, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. 2) PAPM/BP was administered to 20 patients with acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis, chronic complicated urinary tract infections and prostatitis at a dose of 0.5g/0.5g or 0.75g/0.75g twice daily. Clinical efficacy in acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis was excellent in 5 patients, and in complicated UTI, it was excellent in 2, moderate in 4 and poor in 2. Slight elevations of GOT· GPT and LDH were observed in respectively 1 patient.
We studied the pharmacokinetics of aztreonam (AZT) in 6 patients with renal insufficiencies during nonhemodialysis and hemodialysis. After intravenous injection of 1g AZT, it was found that serum AZT ...concentrations during, hemodialysis were different from those during nonhemodialysis and serum half-lives (T1/2β) were 3.44 hours and 16.97 hours, respectively. AZT clearance changed from 0.762L/hr during hemodialysis to 3.360L/hr during nonhemodialysis. These findings suggest that hemodialysis patients should receive the standard dose of AZT as a loading dose, followed by one-half the loading dose per day and receive a supplemental dose equal to half their usual maintenance dose after each dialysis session.
A scheme has been proposed for approximating the complicated second and higher CHAPMAN-COWLING approximation formulae for the thermal diffusion factor of a binary gas mixture. Expressions have been ...reported for the second approximation and their accuracy investigated by performing numerical calculations for the systems Ar—Xe and He—Xe as a function of both temperature and composition. These formulae have been further simplified by expressing them in the ascending powers of M, the ratio of the molecular weight of the lighter component to the heavier component, and neglecting all those terms which explicitly posses the power of M greater than two. The two particular cases when either of the components is present in tracer amounts have also been investigated.
To find the optimal dose of biapenem (BIPM), a new parenteral carbapenem, in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infection, we performed a randomized, prospective, wellcontrolled study using ...imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS) as the control drug. The subjects had complicated urinary tract infection with pyuria of at least 5 WBCS/HPF, bacteriuria of at least 104CFU/ml and identifiable underlying urinary tract disease. Only hospitalized patients without indwelling catheters were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 150mg b. i. d. of BIPM (group L), 300mg b. i. d. of BIPM (group H) or 500 mg/500 mg b. i. d. of IPM/CS (group C) by intravenous drip infusion for 5 days. Overall clinical efficacy was evaluated on the basis of criteria proposed by the Japanese UTI Committee as “excellent”, “moderate” or “poor”. Excellent and moderate responses were obtained in 78.9% of 19 patients in group L, 84.6% of 26 patients in group H and 81.0% of 21 patients in group C. The differences were not statistically significant. The bacteriological eradication rates achieved were 91.3% of 23 strains in group L, 90.9% of 33 strains in group H and 93.3% of 30 strains in group C, with no statistically significant differences. Clinical adverse reactions were experienced in 4.2% of 24 patients in group L, none of 28 patients in group H and none of 24 patients in group C, with no statistically significant differences. Clinical value also was not significantly different among the three groups. From the results obtained in this study, we concluded that the optimal daily dose of BIPM in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infection is 300mg b. i. d.
Overall clinical efficacy rates according to doctor's evaluation were 100% in 6 patients of acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis, 90.0% in 22 patients of complicated urinary tract infections, 2/2 in 2 ...patients of acute epididymitis and 2/2 in2 patients of acute prostatitis treated with cefclidin. Twelve patients withcomplicated urinary tract infection were evaluated in accordance with the criteria proposed by the UTI Committee of Japan. Excellent results were observed in onepatient, moderate in 9 patients and poor in 2 patients, with the overall clinical efficacy rate of 83.3%. As for objective and subjective adverse reactions, eruption was noted in 2 patients. Slight and transient abnormal laboratory findingswere observed in 7 patients.
We report an autopsy case of diabetic renal failure that demonstrated the deposition of amyloid containing β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) in the islets of Langerhans. The patient was a 68-year-old diabetic ...female who had received diet and insulin therapy for 10 years, and was hospitalized because of systemic edema and azotemia 4 months previously. She died of intestinal bleeding after 4 hemodialyses. Histopathological examination showed the deposition of amyloid in the islets of Langerhans. It was confirmed by immunohistochemical examination using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method that the amyloid deposits contained β2-MG. There was no amyloid deposition in other organs. There are several reports concerning the visceral involvement of dialysis amyloidosis, having been found after only four hemodialysis treatments. It was confirmed that the amyloid contained β2-MG as a component of dialysis amyloidosis.
We used cefpirome (CPR), a new injectable cephem antibiotic, in the treatment of urinary tract infection (UTI) to investigate its therapeutic efficacy and safety. CPR was administered to 26 patients ...with complicated UTI in a daily dose of 1.0-4.0g for 5 days. The overall clinical efficacy in 23 of the patients was assessed according to the criteria proposed by the Japanese UTI Committee. According to the attendant doctor's evaluation, the efficacy rate was 72.2%. Clinical efficacy was excellent in 5 and moderate in 14 patients, with an overall efficacy rate of 82.6%. The only adverse effect during treatment was transient diarrhea in one patient. Abnormal laboratory findings were observed in 3 of the 26 patients: transient elevation of GPT in one, and increase of NAG in two. We consider CPR to be an effective and safe drug in the treatment of urinary tract infections.
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