Scope
: fructose consumption from added sugars correlates with the epidemic rise in MetS and CVD. Maternal fructose intake has been described to program metabolic diseases in progeny. However, ...consumption of fructose-containing beverages is allowed during gestation. Cholesterol is also a well-known risk factor for CVD. Therefore, it is essential to study Western diets which combine fructose and cholesterol and how maternal fructose can influence the response of progeny to these diets.
Methods and results
: a high-cholesterol (2%) diet combined with liquid fructose (10%), as a model of an unhealthy Western diet, was administered to descendants from control and fructose-fed mothers. Gene (mRNA and protein) expression and plasma, fecal and tissue parameters of cholesterol metabolism were measured. Interestingly, progeny from fructose-fed dams consumed less liquid fructose and cholesterol-rich chow than males from control mothers. Moreover, descendants of fructose-fed mothers fed a Western diet showed an increased cholesterol elimination through bile and feces than males from control mothers. Despite these mitigating circumstances to develop a proatherogenic profile, the same degree of hypercholesterolemia and severity of steatosis were observed in all descendants fed a Western diet, independently of maternal intake. An increased intestinal absorption of cholesterol, synthesis, esterification, and assembly into lipoprotein found in males from fructose-fed dams consuming a Western diet could be the cause. Moreover, an augmented GLP2 signalling seen in these animals would explain this enhanced lipid absorption.
Conclusions
: maternal fructose intake, through a fetal programming, makes a Western diet considerably more harmful in their descendants than in the offspring from control mothers.
Maternal fructose intake aggravates the harmful effects of a Western diet on progeny. In fact, Western diet enhances both lipid absorption and cholesterol synthesis in the intestine of progeny from fructose-fed mothers.
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) plays a vital role in global climate, redistributing heat, and freshwater. It is predicted to decline due to anthropogenic climate change, with ...major implications for global climate. Accurately assessing AMOC strength with in situ observations has inspired a number of dedicated observing systems in the Atlantic since the 2000s. However, no consensus has been reached on whether the slowdown of the AMOC and its associated heat and freshwater transports is occurring. These dedicated systems are too recent to detect long‐term trends. We have analyzed hydrographic data from zonal sections across the Atlantic for 30 years that predate and overlap the era of AMOC observations. Our results show no changes in the AMOC for all sections analyzed over the whole Atlantic for the last 30 years. We also find an increased export of freshwater from the South Atlantic associated with an increase in upper salinity.
Plain Language Summary
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is the oceanic process by which upper warm waters flow northward and cold deep waters flow southward. The AMOC has a large effect on European and global climate. Models have predicted a decline of its strength due to anthropogenic climate change. Across‐ocean systems monitoring the currents on the water column have yet to find this slowdown. We have analyzed hydrographic data collected for the last 30 years and have built a model for each decade of the circulation of the Atlantic, and found no changes in time in the Atlantic Ocean for each hydrographic section. Also, our results present an increase in the amount of freshwater leaving the South Atlantic.
Key Points
No changes at any latitude between hydrographic sections carried out in the last 30 years
The major contributor to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at the subpolar North Atlantic is the Eastern subbasin for the three decades
The increase of southward freshwater overturning transport at 30°S indicates a bistable state of the AMOC
Previous works seem to agree in the higher mortality of cancer patients with COVID-19. Identifying potential prognostic factors upon admission could help identify patients with a poor prognosis.
We ...aimed to explore the characteristics and evolution of COVID-19 cancer patients admitted to hospital in a multicenter international registry (HOPE COVID-19). Our primary objective is to define those characteristics that allow us to identify cancer patients with a worse prognosis (mortality within 30 days after the diagnosis of COVID-19).
5838 patients have been collected in this registry, of whom 770 had cancer among their antecedents. In hospital mortality reached 258 patients (33.51%). The median was 75 years (65-82). Regarding the distribution by sex, 34.55% of the patients (266/770) were women. The distribution by type of cancer: genitourinary 238/745 (31.95%), digestive 124/745 (16.54%), hematologic 95/745 (12.75%). In multivariate regression analysis, factors that are independently associated with mortality at admission are: renal impairment (OR 3.45, CI 97.5% 1.85-6.58), heart disease (2.32, 1.47-3.66), liver disease (4.69, 1.94-11.62), partial dependence (2.41, 1.34-4.33), total dependence (7.21, 2.60-21.82), fatigue (1.84, 1.16-2.93), arthromialgias (0.45, 0.26-0.78), SatO2<92% (4.58, 2.97-7.17), elevated LDH (2.61, 1.51-4.69) and abnormal decreased Blood Pressure (3.57, 1.81-7.15). Analitical parameters are also significant altered.
In patients with cancer from the HOPE registry, 30-day mortality from any cause is high and is associated with easily identifiable clinical factors upon arrival at the hospital. Identifying these patients can help initiate more intensive treatments from the start and evaluate the prognosis of these patients.
In this work a methodology for inferring water cloud macro and microphysical properties from nighttime MODIS imagery is developed. This method is based on the inversion of a theoretical radiative ...transfer model that simulates the radiances detected in each of the sensor infrared bands. To accomplish this inversion, an operational technique based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) is proposed, whose main characteristic is the ability to retrieve cloud properties much faster than conventional methods. Furthermore, a detailed study of input data is performed to avoid different sources of errors that appear in several MODIS infrared channels. Finally, results of applying the proposed method are compared with in-situ measurements carried out during the DYCOMS-II field experiment.
The Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) measurements from the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellites enable global monitoring of the distribution of clouds during day and ...night, with a spatial, temporal and spectral resolution that allows for better understanding of the role of clouds in global radiation budget and in climate in general. A method to retrieve cloud properties from nighttime SEVIRI measurements is described in this paper. The method is applicable to single-layer water clouds over sea surfaces and it is based on the inversion of a forward theoretical radiative transfer model, that simulates the radiances reaching the SEVIRI infrared detectors from a specified configuration of the earth–cloud–atmosphere system. This model accounts for scattering and absorption processes in the assumed horizontally homogeneous adiabatic cloud layer. For the inversion of this model, artificial neural networks techniques have been used in this work. The main advantage that these techniques provide is their low computational cost, which makes them suitable for the implementation of operational retrieval procedures. Results obtained by the proposed method are compared with the values provided by the CloudSat derived 2B-TAU product, and those derived from NOAA-AVHRR nighttime imagery, obtaining good agreements.
► Remote sensing of nighttime boundary layer cloud properties from MSG-SEVIRI. ► Use of artificial neural networks techniques to invert a radiative transfer model. ► Cloud properties retrieval at near real-time. ► Validation of retrievals using 2B-TAU CloudSat product and NOAA-AVHRR data.
The Objective was to investigate the incidence of lymphedema after breast cancer treatment and to analyze the risk factors involved in a tertiary level hospital.
Prospective longitudinal ...observational study over 3 years post-breast surgery. 232 patients undergoing surgery for breast cancer at our institution between September 2013 and February 2018. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) or axillary lymphadenectomy (ALND) were mandatory in this cohort. In total, 201 patients met the inclusion criteria and had a median follow-up of 31 months (range, 1-54 months). Lymphedema was diagnosed by circumferential measurements and truncated cone calculations. Patients and tumor characteristics, shoulder range of motion limitation and local and systemic therapies were analyzed as possible risk factors for lymphedema.
Most cases of lymphedema appeared in the first 2 years. 13.9% of patients developed lymphedema: 31% after ALND and 4.6% after SLNB (p < 0.01), and 46.7% after mastectomy and 11.3% after breast-conserving surgery (p < 0.01). The lymphedema rate increased when axillary radiotherapy (RT) was added to radical surgery: 4.3% for SLNB alone, 6.7% for SLNB + RT, 17.6% for ALND alone, and 35.2% for ALND + RT (p < 0.01). In the multivariate analysis, the only risk factors associated with the development of lymphedema were ALND and mastectomy, which had hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 7.28 (2.92-18.16) and 3.9 (1.60-9.49) respectively.
The main risk factors for lymphedema were the more radical surgeries (ALND and mastectomy). The risk associated with these procedures appeared to be worsened by the addition of axillary radiotherapy. A follow-up protocol in patients with ALND lasting at least two years, in which special attention is paid to these risk factors, is necessary to guarantee a comprehensive control of lymphedema that provides early detection and treatment.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We report the anti-Chagasic activity of the natural dihydrostilbenoid isonotholaenic acid and several simple derivatives, as well as that of some representative compounds of related synthetic series, ...with basic structures of benzalphthalides, dihydrostilbamides, isoindoles, phthalazin-1-ones, imidazo2,1
-aisoindoles and pyrimido2,1
-aisoindoles. The evaluation was performed in vitro on cultures of epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of
Trypanosoma cruzi. Some of the tested compounds resulted to be as potent as benznidazole (epimastigotes), and others were shown to be more active than gentian violet (trypomastigotes), used as reference drugs.
The natural dihydrostilbene isonotholaenic acid, semi-synthetic derivatives and total synthetic analogues, displaying benzalphthalide, dihydrostilbamide, phthalazinone, and imidazo/pyrimido-isoindole structures, have been obtained and tested on anti-trypanosome assays.
Summary The Tuberculosis (TB) Symposium, held during the Cuba Salud 2015 International Convention, highlighted advancements in research on tuberculosis (TB) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( MTBtb ) ...by interdisciplinary teams from academic and federal institutions in Cuba, Colombia, Mexico, and the Dominican Republic. Delegates focused on the targets presented in the World Health Organization End TB Strategy for 2016-2035 and elaborated on four primary themes: 1) attention to vulnerable populations such as immunocompromised individuals, health care workers, and residents of long-term institutions such as prisons and nursing homes; 2) identification of active and latent TB cases through contact investigations; 3) spread and control of drug resistant Mtb strains; and 4) advancements in the development of a novel vaccines or “booster” immunizations. This international TB forum served as a platform for experts in diverse disciplines in these Latin America countries to discuss challenges faced by research and control TB programs, proposing novel research initiatives, and promoting collaborative teamwork strategies for TB elimination. In solidarity, collaborative efforts in TB control require identification of symptomatic individuals, rapid diagnostic testing for TB, drug susceptibility assays on Mtb strains, and management that provides universal and gratuitous access to directly observed therapy short-course therapy.
Previous works seem to agree in the higher mortality of cancer patients with COVID-19. Identifying potential prognostic factors upon admission could help identify patients with a poor prognosis.
We ...aimed to explore the characteristics and evolution of COVID-19 cancer patients admitted to hospital in a multicenter international registry (HOPE COVID-19).
Our primary objective is to define those characteristics that allow us to identify cancer patients with a worse prognosis (mortality within 30 days after the diagnosis of COVID-19).
5838 patients have been collected in this registry, of whom 770 had cancer among their antecedents. In hospital mortality reached 258 patients (33.51%). The median was 75 years (65–82). Regarding the distribution by sex, 34.55% of the patients (266/770) were women.
The distribution by type of cancer: genitourinary 238/745 (31.95%), digestive 124/745 (16.54%), hematologic 95/745 (12.75%).
In multivariate regression analysis, factors that are independently associated with mortality at admission are: renal impairment (OR 3.45, CI 97.5% 1.85–6.58), heart disease (2.32, 1.47–3.66), liver disease (4.69, 1.94–11.62), partial dependence (2.41, 1.34–4.33), total dependence (7.21, 2.60–21.82), fatigue (1.84, 1.16–2.93), arthromialgias (0.45, 0.26–0.78), SatO2<92% (4.58, 2.97–7.17), elevated LDH (2.61, 1.51–4.69) and abnormal decreased Blood Pressure (3.57, 1.81–7.15). Analitical parameters are also significant altered.
In patients with cancer from the HOPE registry, 30-day mortality from any cause is high and is associated with easily identifiable clinical factors upon arrival at the hospital. Identifying these patients can help initiate more intensive treatments from the start and evaluate the prognosis of these patients.
Trabajos previos parecen coincidir en la mayor mortalidad de los pacientes con cáncer y COVID-19. La identificación de posibles factores pronósticos en el momento del ingreso podría ayudar a identificar a los pacientes con mal pronóstico.
Nos propusimos explorar las características y la evolución de los pacientes con cáncer y COVID-19 ingresados en un registro internacional multicéntrico (HOPE COVID-19).
Nuestro objetivo principal es definir aquellas características que nos permitan identificar a los pacientes con cáncer de peor pronóstico (mortalidad en los 30 días siguientes al diagnóstico de COVID-19).
En este registro se ha recogido a 5.838 pacientes, de los cuales 770 tenían cáncer entre sus antecedentes. La mortalidad hospitalaria alcanzó a 258 pacientes (33,51%). La mediana fue de 75 años (65-82). En cuanto a la distribución por sexo, el 34,55% de los pacientes eran mujeres (266/770).
La distribución por tipo de cáncer: genitourinario 238/745 (31,95%), digestivo 124/745 (16,54%) y hematológico 95/745 (12,75%).
En el análisis de regresión multivariante, los factores que se asocian de forma independiente con la mortalidad al ingreso son: insuficiencia renal (OR 3,45; IC 97,5%: 1,85-6,58), cardiopatía (2,32; 1,47-3,66), hepatopatía (4,69; 1,94-11,62), dependencia parcial (2,41; 1,34-4,33), dependencia total (7,21; 2,60-21,82), fatiga (1,84, 1;16-2,93), artromialgias (0,45; 0,26-0,78), SatO2 <92% (4,58; 2,97-7,17), LDH elevada (2,61; 1,51-4,69) y disminución anormal de la presión arterial (3,57; 1,81-7,15). Los parámetros analíticos también están significativamente alterados.
En los pacientes con cáncer del registro HOPE, la mortalidad a los 30 días por cualquier causa es elevada y se asocia a factores clínicos fácilmente identificables a su llegada al hospital. La identificación de estos pacientes puede ayudar a iniciar tratamientos más intensivos desde el principio y evaluar el pronóstico de estos pacientes.
Diagnóstico prenatal de peritonitis meconial simple Rodríguez Guedes, A; Armas Roca, M; García Delgado, R ...
Clínica e investigación en ginecología y obstetricia,
July-September 2016, Letnik:
43, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Resumen Nos encontramos ante un feto que presenta una masa anecoica con una superficie calcificada desde el principio del segundo trimestre que posteriormente se resuelve con la aparición de ...calcificaciones distribuidas en la cápsula hepática. No presenta ninguna otra calcificación en el parénquima hepático ni patología a nivel intestinal o abdominal. Clínicamente se mantuvo estable. Estos hallazgos conducen al diagnóstico de peritonitis meconial simple. El diagnóstico ecográfico prenatal de la peritonitis meconial juega un papel muy importante y se ha demostrado para mejorar los resultados prenatales significativos. Los resultados son de todo tipo y también dependerán de la gravedad de la perforación y el momento en que se diagnostica.
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