The present study investigates whether poverty status might explain the relationship between welfare assistance and children's involvement in bullying. The study found that welfare assistance was ...positively associated with children's involvement in bullying. Additionally, poverty status, regardless of welfare assistance, was significantly related to involvement in bullying. There is a need for anti-bullying programs that consider how welfare assistance and poverty status are linked to bullying.
The excess weight that characterizes much of the population of the world today has led the World Health Organization to declare a obesity pandemic. The number of overweight and obese children in ...Spain is among the highest in Europe, and this number is even higher in Andalusia. The health consequences of excess weight for children are not as evident as for adults. However, child obesity is now being associated with pathologies, such as the metabolic syndrome, which were previously believed to be only found in adults. Resistance to insulin is an important risk factor in subjects with severe obesity, which along with visceral obesity, make postprandial triglyceridemia more severe. This increases cardiovascular risk. However, in our opinion, this phenomenon has not been adequately studied in children. The hearthealthy properties of olive oil, the main ingredient of the Mediterranean diet, have been clearly highlighted in various studies. These properties include an improved postprandial lipid pattern. In this context, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of a Mediterranean-diet breakfast on the postprandial lipid parameters in a study group of overweight and obese preadolescents (age 10-14) in comparison to a control group of subjects with no weight problems. The results obtained provide greater knowledge of the physiopathology of child obesity and contribute to the elaboration of dietary recommendations for the maintenance of child health. Additionally, our results give information regarding the development of atherogenesis during the postprandial period, which can begin at a very early age.
Protein solubility studies showed that the protein of
Caryodendron orinocense flour was soluble at both acidic and basic pH, and NaCl (0.5
m) increased the solubility of all flours tested. The water ...absorption capacity was less, while the oil absorption was higher for
Caryodendron flour than soybean flour. Both flours presented similar emulsion capacity and stability, while the foaming capacity was much smaller for
Caryodendron flours than soybean flour; NaCl increased the foaming capacity of soybean flour; these results might be due to differences in protein concentration. NaCl concentrations greater than 0.25
m increased the emulsifying activity in
Caryodendron flours, but did not influence the emulsion stability. The lowest gelation concentration and temperature of gelling were similar to that of soybean flour. These results suggest that
Caryodendron flour might have some similar uses as soybean flour in the food industry.
Algorithms for the ATLAS high-level trigger Armstrong, S.; Baines, J.T.; Bee, C.P. ...
IEEE transactions on nuclear science,
06/2004, Letnik:
51, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Following rigorous software design and analysis methods, an object-based architecture has been developed to derive the second- and third-level trigger decisions for the future ATLAS detector at the ...LHC. The functional components within this system responsible for generating elements of the trigger decisions are algorithms running within the software architecture. Relevant aspects of the architecture are reviewed along with concrete examples of specific algorithms and their performance in "vertical" slices of various physics selection strategies.
Objectives. We document and model health insurance coverage and health-care utilization of very young, U.S.-born Mexican-American children relative to their non-Hispanic white and black counterparts. ...Methods. We use data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study and multivariate regression methods. Results. Based on descriptive and multivariate analyses, the findings show that compared to non-Hispanic white children, Mexican-American children have lower rates of health insurance coverage and less health-care utilization. Mexican-American children born in the United States to foreign-born mothers utilize health care the least and are much more likely to be fully uninsured compared to other children. Conclusion. The early health advantage of Mexican-origin children at birth runs the risk of being compromised by the time they reach age three as a result of poor access to healthcare. Greater health insurance coverage for Mexican-American children and, in particular, Mexican-American children of immigrants is needed.
Abstract BACKGROUND Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes (ETMR) is a very rare, aggressive pediatric brain tumor with a dismal 5-year overall survival rate. Few genetic aberrations in miRNA ...clusters and processing machinery have been detected in ETMRs with 90% of ETMR patients having the C19MC amplification. ETMRs show unique histopathological features which, together with the detection of C19MC or DICER alterations, are necessary for diagnosis. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying ETMR development are poorly understood, and targeted therapeutics have not been developed due to scarcity of preclinical models. To expand knowledge of ETMR biology and accelerate the design of novel and therapies, it is thus essential to develop preclinical models. METHODS We have generated two novel patient-derived ETMR cell lines from resected patient derived tumor samples (CTBP-03A and CBTP-139) and created three patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models (CTBP-03A, CBTP-139 and CBTP-38). We have used these unique patient-derived cell lines to identify mechanisms driving ETMR development and progression. To identify novel therapeutic targets, we conducted high-throughput drug screening (HTDS) utilizing 2480 approved and investigational drugs, against the CBTP-03A and CBTP-139 lines. RESULTS Among the candidate drugs showing an inhibitory effect on both lines, compounds were selected based on their activity, CNS penetration ability, mechanism of action, and bioavailability, if known. The top selected hits were screened in an all-versus-all format, totaling 1953 combinations. The rapidity of action and efficacy of the top choice compounds used as single agent or in double and triple combination was assessed by caspase glow and cell titer glow assays. This initial combination screen identified DNA replication stress, retinoid receptor agonist and FGF signaling as potential combinatorial targets. Data are currently being validated in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This is the first combinatorial HTDS on two novel patient-derived cell lines which highlighted potential drug combination strategies for the treatment of ETMR.
A strategy to increase residual activity of Bacillus thuringiensis serovar. israelensis (Bti) extract through slow-release formulations and protection from solar radiation was studied. The median ...lethal concentration (LC50) and 90% lethal concentration (LC90) levels of laboratory-reared early 4th-stage larval Aedes aegypti after exposure to Bti extract were determined. Formulations with 4 polymers and 1 solar protectant were prepared, and their shelf lives were evaluated for year-long storage at 20-35 degrees C and 50-80% relative humidity. Also, the effect of ultraviolet light on unformulated (extract) and formulated Bti larvicidal activity persistence was determined. Laboratory bioassays were conducted with larval Ae. aegypti introduced into treated and control containers at 1, 2, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after treatment, and larval mortalities were checked 24 h after introduction. Probit analysis of Bti extract showed LC50 and LC90 values of 0.016 and 0.051 mg/liter, respectively. The polymer-based Bti formulations showed no significant loss of insecticidal activity after 8 months of storage. Ultraviolet irradiation reduced activity of unformulated Bti extract after different exposure times, up to 40-46%, whereas Bti formulated with gelatin or acacia gum showed lower variation in larvicidal activity than formulations with sodium alginate and paraffin for protecting the activity of Bti toxin. Residual activity against 4th-stage Ae. aegypti in the laboratory for the formulation containing acacia gum at 10% (w/w) was 80% mortality at 14 days after treatment, whereas the Bti formulation containing gelatin (10%, w/w) caused 65% mortality. In addition, Bti formulations made with paraffin at 5% (w/w) sustained up to 60% mortality for 21 days. Unformulated Bti showed only 2.6% mortality, and a commercial preparation maintained 37% mortality, both at 14 days after treatment.
There is increasing concern regarding the association between certain methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) genotypes and poor clinical outcome. To assess this issue, a large cohort of ...579 subjects with MRSA bacteraemia was prospectively followed from June 2008 to December 2009, in 21 hospitals in Spain. Epidemiology, clinical data, therapy, and outcome were recorded. All MRSA strains were analysed in a central laboratory. Presence of a haematogenous seeding infection was the dependent variable in an adjusted logistic regression model. Of the 579 patients included in the study, 84 (15%) had haematogenous seeding infections. Microdilution vancomycin median MIC (IQR) was 0.73 (0.38–3) mg/L. Most MRSA isolates (n = 371; 67%) belonged to Clonal Complex 5 (CC5) and carried an SCCmec element type IV and agr type 2. Isolates belonging to ST8-agr1-SCCmecIV, ST22-agr1-SCCmecIV and ST228-agr2-SCCmecI—a single locus variant of ST5—accounted for 8%, 9% and 9% of the isolates, respectively. After adjusting by clinical variables, any of the clones was associated with increased risk of haematogenous seeding infections. Higher vancomycin MIC was not identified as an independent risk factor, either. In contrast, persistent bacteraemia (OR 4.2; 2.3–7.8) and non-nosocomial acquisition (3.0; 1.7–5.6) were associated with increased risk.
The HERA-B Outer Tracker consists of drift tubes folded from polycarbonate foil and is operated with Ar/CF
4/CO
2 as drift gas. The detector has to stand radiation levels which are similar to LHC ...conditions. The first prototypes exposed to radiation in HERA-B suffered severe radiation damage due to the development of self-sustaining currents (Malter effect). In a subsequent extended R&D program major changes to the original concept for the drift tubes (surface conductivity, drift gas, production materials) have been developed and validated for use in harsh radiation environments. In the test program various aging effects (such as Malter currents, gain loss due to anode aging and etching of the anode gold surface) were observed, and cures by tuning of operation parameters were developed.
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