Cities and the Great Recession MICHAEL A. PAGANO
Metropolitan Resilience in a Time of Economic Turmoil,
12/2013
Book Chapter
The Great Recession has had a powerful effect on metropolitan regions and on local governments. The real-estate bubble burst in 2007, putting many owners under water (the mortgage exceeded the market ...value of the home) and the stock markets plummeted in 2008, wiping out hundreds of billions of dollars in investments. Consequently, the unemployment rate in the nation soared quickly to over 9 percent and has declined ever-so-slightly over the last several years and appears stuck at around 7–8 percent, well above the pre–Great Recession levels of 4–5 percent. Job loss in 2008 and 2009 wracked cities
Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) is one of the systematic challenges preventing 21cm interferometric instruments from detecting the Epoch of Reionization. To mitigate the effects of RFI on data ...analysis pipelines, numerous inpaint techniques have been developed to restore RFI corrupted data. We examine the qualitative and quantitative errors introduced into the visibilities and power spectrum due to inpainting. We perform our analysis on simulated data as well as real data from the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) Phase 1 upper limits. We also introduce a convolutional neural network that capable of inpainting RFI corrupted data in interferometric instruments. We train our network on simulated data and show that our network is capable at inpainting real data without requiring to be retrained. We find that techniques that incorporate high wavenumbers in delay space in their modeling are best suited for inpainting over narrowband RFI. We also show that with our fiducial parameters Discrete Prolate Spheroidal Sequences (DPSS) and CLEAN provide the best performance for intermittent ``narrowband'' RFI while Gaussian Progress Regression (GPR) and Least Squares Spectral Analysis (LSSA) provide the best performance for larger RFI gaps. However we caution that these qualitative conclusions are sensitive to the chosen hyperparameters of each inpainting technique. We find these results to be consistent in both simulated and real visibilities. We show that all inpainting techniques reliably reproduce foreground dominated modes in the power spectrum. Since the inpainting techniques should not be capable of reproducing noise realizations, we find that the largest errors occur in the noise dominated delay modes. We show that in the future, as the noise level of the data comes down, CLEAN and DPSS are most capable of reproducing the fine frequency structure in the visibilities of HERA data.
The BimEL tumor suppressor is a potent proapoptotic BH3-only protein. We found that, in response to survival signals, BimEL was rapidly phosphorylated on three serine residues in a conserved degron, ...facilitating binding and degradation via the F box protein betaTrCP. Phosphorylation of the BimEL degron was executed by Rsk1/2 and promoted by the Erk1/2-mediated phosphorylation of BimEL on Ser69. Compared to wild-type BimEL, a BimEL phosphorylation mutant unable to bind betaTrCP was stabilized and consequently potent at inducing apoptosis by the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, although non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells often become resistant to gefitinib (a clinically relevant tyrosine kinase inhibitor that induces apoptosis through BimEL), silencing of either betaTrCP or Rsk1/2 resulted in BimEL-mediated apoptosis of both gefitinib-sensitive and gefitinib-insensitive NSCLC cells. Our findings reveal that betaTrCP promotes cell survival in cooperation with the ERK-RSK pathway by targeting BimEL for degradation.
During 2015, a unique launch opportunity exists that allows for a New-Frontiers-class mission to discover a compositional gradient of small bodies in our solar system. The proposed seven year mission ...includes a flyby of main belt asteroid (108144) 2001 HM1, a flyby and impactor release (a la Deep Impact) at the Trojan asteroid (624) Hektor (a suspected contact binary) with companion P/2006, and a flyby with impactor release at the Centaur asteroid 39P/Oterma. The variety of types and positions of these small bodies will help answer some of the fundamental questions we have for the evolution and composition of our solar system. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Planetary Science Summer School team has designed a mission designed to address all of these scientific questions and design objectives. We will describe instrument selection, launch dates and mission timetables, measurement and encounter strategies, impactor design and benefits, data acquisition and communication tradeoffs and provide background into the mission science goals. Furthermore, cost estimates and a work breakdown will be provided to prove the practicality 978-1-4244-2622-5/09/25.00 copy2009 IEEE. IEEEAC paper #1634, Version 2, Updated Jan 7, 2009 of meeting all the science objectives within a short period of time. A strategy for the development of our system based upon previously used instruments and hardware will also be presented.
In response to the shortage of ventilators caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, many organizations have designed low-cost emergency ventilators. Many of these devices are pressure-cycled pneumatic ...ventilators, which are easy to produce but often do not include the sensing or alarm features found on commercial ventilators. This work reports a low-cost, easy-to-produce electronic sensor and alarm system for pressure-cycled ventilators that estimates clinically useful metrics such as pressure and respiratory rate and sounds an alarm when the ventilator malfunctions. A low-complexity signal processing algorithm uses a pair of nonlinear recursive envelope trackers to monitor the signal from an electronic pressure sensor connected to the patient airway. The algorithm, inspired by those used in hearing aids, requires little memory and performs only a few calculations on each sample so that it can run on nearly any microcontroller.
State-Local Relations in the 1990s Pagano, Michael A.
The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,
05/1990, Letnik:
509, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This article extrapolates into the next decade the probable changes in state-local relations and emphasizes three central themes: (1) fiscal federalism, (2) localism, and (3) state-local cooperation. ...The principal argument is that the nature, success, and prognosis of state-local relations for the foreseeable future depend largely on the fiscal health of state and local governments and the fiscal ties between the two sets of governments. Demands for constitutional and statutory autonomy for local governments, levels of satisfaction and discord between state and local governments, and the flexibility and constraints imposed upon the revenue-generating capacity of local governments reflect the larger and more dominant variable of fiscal well-being.
Discusses definitions and perceptions of vacant land, focusing on amount, conditions and trends, and policy implications; based on data from a survey mailed to city officials, between Dec. 1997 and ...Jan. 1998; US.
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