Expression of the endothelial cell marker EN4 was studied by immunohistochemical staining in 56 biopsies of malignant Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), Hodgkin's disease, reactive lymphatic tissue and in ...non-lymphatic organs and by flow-cytofluorometry in blood and tonsil cell suspensions.
In addition to positivity in endothelial cells, MAb EN4 reacted with numerous leukocytes localized in perivascular zones, mostly T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages. Neoplastic B cells of low-grade lymphocytic and centrocytic NHL, immunocytomas and neoplastic T (CD3+/CD4+) cells from one lymphoblastic lymphoma were also positive. In contrast, however, centroblastic/centrocytic NHL, high grade malignant B-cell lymphomas and Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease were negative.
The majority of B-cells and CD8 positive T-cells both in blood and tonsil cell suspensions were EN4 positive. CD4+ cells were EN4 positive but to a lesser extent. All CD14 positive monocytes, all granulocytes and the majority of CD56 positive cells (NK cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes) expressed EN4.
These observations suggest that EN4 epitope could be involved in the mechanisms of leukocyte traffic and their adhesion to endothelium.
This chapter focuses on dendritic cells (DCs) and discusses the recent progress in DC biology and the potential implications of DCs in the context of immunization against cancer. DCs are professional ...antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which have the unique ability to induce and sustain immune responses, and they are now recognized as an integral part of the lymphohematopoietic system. DC progenitors in the bone marrow give rise to circulating precursors that home the tissue, where they reside as immature cells with high phagocytic capacity. Upon tissue damage, immature DCs capture antigen (Ag) and subsequently migrate to the lymphoid organs, where they select rare Ag specific T cells, thereby initiating immune responses. DCs present Ag to CD4+ T cells, which in turn regulate other immune effectors, including Ag-specific CD8+ T cells and B cells, as well as non-Ag-specific macrophages, eosinophils, and natural killer (NK) cells. Dendritic cells are crucial players in several immunotherapy approaches either as targets or as vectors for induction of tumor-specific immunity, both in vivo and ex vivo.
Aim. The aim of this study was to search for a correlation between the quality of life and the sexuality of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Material and methods. The research was made ...with the use of the WHOQOL)-BREF questionnaire and the FSQ-28 scale. It included 72 women diagnosed with the (PCOS).
Results. A better quality of life in the areas of psychology, social and background relations turned out to be to a moderate degree connected with the reactivity increase on the particular sexual reaction stages, excluding the sexual arousal domain. “Pain” and “relations with a partner” domains had a negative correlation with the given domains of the quality of life. The statistically significant correlation p<0.05 was observed between the overall quality of life and the following domains of the sexual response cycle: desire, lubrication, arousal, orgasm, foreplay and the relations with a partner.
Conclusions. 1. All domains of the quality of life of women with PCOS are significantly connected with the majority of domains of the sexual response cycle. 2. The domains of the sexual response cycle are significantly differentiated by the sense of the quality of life. The perception of health in that respect is irrelevant.
Technological advances in the 20th c. and development of neonatology have created a chance to survive for the infants born before term, underdeveloped and unable to survive outside the mother’s ...womb. The triumph of reason over nature has given newborns a chance of undisturbed development, however there are infants who have no hopes to function independently, whose life is overburdened with pain and suffering. From the ethical point of view all activities undertaken by the medical staff require respect for the human being and individualized management. The issues like decision as to continue or withheld resuscitation, differentiation between persistant therapy and euthanasia, withdrawal from persistant life supporting therapy and treatment, the limits of decision making are the main dilemmas of the medical staff and parents. The purpose of study was to present opinions of the medical school students on the care of neonates born at the borderline of viability. The study was carried out in the group of 360 students of medical schools, 211 (58.6%) from the Medical University of Lublin, and 149 (41.4%) students of theMedicalUniversityinWrocław. The respondents were diagnostically surveyed by means of a questionnaire developed by the authors and evaluated by competent judges. The study was approved by the Ethical Board, Medical University of Lublin, No KE – 0254/180/2013. The results revealed that over half respondents stated that it is impassible to define the limit of neonate’s viability, i.e. maturity to live outsider the mother’s womb and that each baby should be approached individually. The majority of students believed that resuscitation of a newborn on the verge of viability is the right approach. Almost every fourth student thought that the question should consider parental opinion, and 1/3 believed that once started, the treatment should be continued in any situation.
Technological advances in the 20th c. and development of neonatology have created a chance to survive for the infants born before term, underdeveloped and unable to survive outside the mother’s ...womb. The triumph of reason over nature has given newborns a chance of undisturbed development, however there are infants who have no hopes to function independently, whose life is overburdened with pain and suffering. From the ethical point of view all activities undertaken by the medical staff require respect for the human being and individualized management. The issues like decision as to continue or withheld resuscitation, differentiation between persistant therapy and euthanasia, withdrawal from persistant life supporting therapy and treatment, the limits of decision making are the main dilemmas of the medical staff and parents. The purpose of study was to present opinions of the medical school students on the care of neonates born at the borderline of viability. The study was carried out in the group of 360 students of medical schools, 211 (58.6%) from the Medical University of Lublin, and 149 (41.4%) students of theMedicalUniversityinWrocław. The respondents were diagnostically surveyed by means of a questionnaire developed by the authors and evaluated by competent judges. The study was approved by the Ethical Board, Medical University of Lublin, No KE – 0254/180/2013. The results revealed that over half respondents stated that it is impassible to define the limit of neonate’s viability, i.e. maturity to live outsider the mother’s womb and that each baby should be approached individually. The majority of students believed that resuscitation of a newborn on the verge of viability is the right approach. Almost every fourth student thought that the question should consider parental opinion, and 1/3 believed that once started, the treatment should be continued in any situation.
PDF
