•Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is positive psychological changes after encountering challenging events. PTG can buffer the negative effects caused by distress and depression.•The prevalence of ...moderate-to-high PTG in people who experienced suffering traumatic events was 52.58%.•People whose age was younger than 60 had shorter time since trauma had specific professional exposure and suffered from direct trauma reported high rate of moderate-to-high PTG.
Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is positive psychological changes after encountering challenging events. The main purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the prevalence of moderate-to-high PTG in people who experienced traumatic events and to understand what social-demographic and trauma characteristics distinguish those who show a high rate of PTG from those of low level.
Six electronic databases were searched. Loney's appraisal criteria were used to evaluate the quality of studies. Freeman-Turkey double arcsine transformation method was used to calculate the combined prevalence. Age, time since event, type of trauma and trauma form were analyzed as subgroup factors. According to the source of the trauma, the type of trauma was divided into three different categories: disease, accident and specific profession. Specific profession refers to firefighters, veterans, intensive care staff, etc. The complex working environment, irregular lifestyle, various unpredictable factors, as well as the frequently adverse stimuli from others contribute to great physical and mental pressure.
Twenty-six articles were deemed as qualified for this systematic review and meta-analysis. The level of PTG across studies ranged from 10% to 77.3%, and heterogeneity tests showed high heterogeneity (I2 = 92.3%, 95%CI = 90.1%-94.0%, p < 0.01). Random effect model was chosen to calculate the combined prevalence and the prevalence was 52.58% (95%CI = 48.66%-56.48%). People whose age was younger than 60,had shorter time since trauma,worked in a specific profession and suffered from direct trauma reported high rate of moderate-to-high PTG.
Because the included studies haven't provided adequate PTG-related information, these factors could not be used to performed subgroup analyses. In addition, some studies were excluded due to the different standard may lead to deviation of the combined prevalence.
Nearly half of the investigated individuals reported moderate-to-high PTG after experiencing a traumatic event. Future research needs to further study the determinants of PTG to provide relevant interventions for the victims of trauma.
Low-carbon economy has become the current global economic development trend, and corporate carbon disclosure has attracted more and more attention from scholars and investors. This study creatively ...explores the mechanism of corporate carbon disclosure on total factor productivity with financing structure as a mediating variable. The content analysis method is employed to assess carbon disclosure that is suitable for Chinese enterprises. Through the mediating effect model and Sobel test, the internal mechanism of carbon disclosure affecting total factor productivity is analyzed, with Chinese heavy polluting enterprises from 2015 to 2018 as research samples. The results show that, firstly, carbon disclosure has a positive effect on the improvement of total factor productivity. The effect of monetary carbon disclosure on the improvement of total factor productivity is higher than that of non-monetary carbon disclosure. Secondly, the financing structure has a mediating effect between carbon disclosure and total factor profductivity, and the mediating effect of internal financing capabilities is better than those of external financing costs. Finally, external financing costs and internal financing capabilities have mediating effects in both heterogeneous carbon disclosure and total factor productivity. The mediating effect of internal financing capabilities is significantly higher than the mediating effect of external financing costs. The effect of monetary carbon disclosure on total factor productivity indirectly through internal financing capabilities is higher than that of non-monetary carbon disclosure.
Inflammatory cytokines have been considered to be significant factors contributing to the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the role of inflammatory ...cytokines in NAFLD remains inconclusive.
This study aimed to evaluate the association between inflammatory cytokines and NAFLD.
PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases were searched until 31 December 2021 to identify eligible studies that reported the association of inflammatory cytokine with NAFLD and its subtypes. We pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard risk (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and conducted heterogeneity tests. Sensitivity analysis and analysis for publication bias were also carried out.
The search in the databases identified 51 relevant studies that investigated the association between 19 different inflammatory cytokines and NAFLD based on 36,074 patients and 47,052 controls. The results of the meta-analysis showed significant associations for C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) with NAFLD (ORs of 1.41, 1.08, 1.50, 1.15 and 2.17, respectively). In contrast, we observed non-significant associations for interferon-γ (IFN-γ), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-II), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-7 (IL-7), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-12 (IL-12), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) with NAFLD. Our results also showed that CRP, IL-1β, and TNF-α were significantly associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatic fibrosis.
Our results indicated that increased CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and ICAM-1 concentrations were significantly associated with increased risks of NAFLD. These inflammatory mediators may serve as biomarkers for NAFLD subjects and expect to provide new insights into the aetiology of NAFLD as well as early diagnosis and intervention.
This paper adopts data envelopment analysis method to calculate the regional energy efficiency from the perspective of total-factor energy efficiency. The Markov chain and spatial Markov chain are ...the common methods to test the club convergence of regional energy efficiency in China. Results indicate that the regional energy efficiency in China has been globally characterized by “club convergence” since 1999, and the energy efficiency transitions in China are closely connected with regional characteristics. A high level of energy efficiency has a positive influence on a region, whereas a low level of energy efficiency has a negative influence. This empirical analysis provides a spatial explanation to the “convergence clubs” of regional energy efficiency in China.
The dopaminergic system has been associated with the progression of Alzheimer's disease. But previous studies found inconsistent results regarding the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and ...dopamine when looking at dopamine receptor concentrations.
The aim of this review was to synthesize, using a random-effects model of meta-analysis, the link between the dopaminergic system and Alzheimer's disease.
A detailed analysis protocol was registered at the PROSPERO database prior to data extraction (CRD42018110798). Electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Psyc-ARTICLES were searched up to December 2018 for studies that examined dopamine and dopamine receptors in relation to Alzheimer's disease. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated to assess group differences in the levels of dopaminergic neurometabolites.
Seventeen studies met the eligibility criteria. Collectively, they included 512 patients and 500 healthy controls. There were significantly lower levels of dopamine in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared with controls (SMD = -1.56, 95% CI: -2.64 to -0.49). In addition, dopamine 1 receptor (SMD = -5.05, 95% CI: -6.14 to -3.97) and dopamine 2 receptor (SMD = -1.13, 95% CI: -1.52 to -0.74) levels were decreased in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared with controls. The results of network meta-analysis indicated that the rank of correlation with Alzheimer's disease from highest to lowest was dopamine (0.74), dopamine 2 receptor (0.49), dopamine 3 receptor (0.46), dopamine 4 receptor (0.33), dopamine 5 receptor (0.31), and dopamine 1 receptor (0.64).
Overall, decreased levels of dopaminergic neurotransmitters were linked with the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Nonetheless, there is a clear need for more prospective studies to validate these hypotheses.
Studies investigating salivary cortisol level as susceptibility marker for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) produced inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to compare salivary cortisol ...concentration levels in PTSD patients with those in controls by synthesizing published data.
We did a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of studies comparing concentrations of salivary cortisol between patients with PTSD and controls. The electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Psyc-ARTICLES were searched for relevant articles. A random-effects model with restricted maximum-likelihood estimator is used to synthesize the effect size (assessed by standardized mean difference).
A total of 784 articles were identified of which 22 were included in the final analysis. A trend of lower salivary cortisol levels was found in PTSD patients when compared with the controls (SMD = - 0.28, 95% CI-0.53;-0.04, p = 0.022). Subgroup analysis showed that the salivary cortisol levels were lower in patients with PTSD than in controls in studies conducted after 2007 or in studies using saliva samples collected in the morning.
The evidence from this meta-analysis supports that salivary samples collected in the morning consistently showed a lower salivary cortisol level in patients with PTSD than in controls, although whether salivary cortisol could be used as a diagnostic tool requires further research.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
The interaction of gut microbiota, related metabolites and inflammation factors with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclearly defined. The aim of this systematic review and ...meta-analysis was to synthesize previous study findings to better understand this interaction. Relevant research articles published not later than September, 2019 were searched in the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. The search strategy and inclusion criteria for this study yielded a total of 47 studies, of which only 11 were eligible for meta-analysis. The narrative analysis of these articles found that there is interplay between the key gut microbiota, related metabolites and inflammation factors, which modulate the development and progression of NAFLD. In addition, the results of meta-analysis showed that probiotic supplementation significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in NAFLD patients (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.52, confidence interval (CI): −0.86 to −0.18, and
p
= 0.003) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD = −0.62, CI: −0.80 to −0.43, and
p
< 0.001). However, whether therapies can target TNF-α and CRP in order treat NAFLD still needs further investigation. Therefore, these results suggest that the interaction of the key gut microbiota, related metabolites and inflammation factors with NAFLD may provide a novel therapeutic target for the clinical and pharmacological treatment of NAFLD.
Improving the capacity of detecting positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is critical for identifying the infection of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) precisely and thereby ...curbing the pandemic. Cross-disciplinary approaches may improve the efficiency of COVID-19 diagnosis by compensating to some extent the limitations encountered by traditional test methods during the COVID-19 pandemic. Combining computed tomography (CT), serum-specific antibody detection, and nanopore sequencing with nucleic acid testing for individual testing may improve the accuracy of identifying COVID-19 patients. At community or even regional/national levels, the combination of pooled screening and spatial epidemiological strategies may enable the detection of early transmission of epidemics in a cost-effective way, which is also less affected by restricted access to diagnostic tests and kit supplies. This would significantly advance our capacity of curbing epidemics as soon as possible, and better prepare us for entering a new era of high-impact and high-frequency epidemics.
Forecasting CO
2
emissions is the bases of making environmental planning and ecological strategy decisions. This paper constructed a multi-sector intertemporal optimization model to forecast the CO
2
...emission trends of 14 industrial departments in 31 provinces of China from 2012 to 2050. The results indicate that (1) the energy efficiency level of each province will be improved continuously under the influence of technology progress, and CO
2
emissions in most provinces will reach the peak during the forecast period. (2) CO
2
emissions of metal-manufacturing industries are the highest in all provinces, and the emissions of transportation service industries, construction industries, and other service industries show a trend of gradual increase from west to east. (3) Under the influence of the capital and technology, CO
2
emissions caused by transportation service industries in eastern provinces will reach the peak earlier than those in central and western regions. (4) Combined with the industrial structure and the technical input level, the chemical industries in the western provinces have a great potential for emission reduction. Moreover, construction and transportation industries in the eastern and central provinces have a great potential for emission reduction.
Existing evaluation methods of green innovation ability have strong subjectivity and can not deal with the problem of information overlapping among the indexes. To overcome these shortcomings, this ...paper combine analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and osculating value process (OVP) to construct the AHP–OVP evaluation model. Then this model is introduced into the green innovation ability evaluation of manufacturing enterprises, and the validity of the evaluation method is verified by a case. The results show that AHP–OVP evaluation model can effectively evaluate green innovation ability of manufacturing enterprises. And this model also fully solve the problems of green innovation ability evaluation methods of manufacturing enterprises built by previous scholars.
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