•All reactivated patients presented normal aminotransferase levels.•Throat swab samples from the reactivated patients indicated all positive for the virus.•There might be no specific clinical ...characteristics to distinguish the reactivation of SARS-CoV-2.
Previous studies on the pneumonia outbreak caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were based on information from the general population. However, limited data was available for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reactivation. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 reactivation.
Clinical records, laboratory results, and chest CT scans were retrospectively reviewed for 55 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia (i.e., with throat swab samples that were positive for SARS-CoV-2) who were admitted to Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, from Jan. 8 to Feb. 10, 2020.
All 55 patients had a history of epidemiological exposure to COVID-19, and 5 (9%) patients who discharged from hospital presented with SARS-CoV-2 reactivation. Among the 5 reactivated patients, other symptoms were also observed, including fever, cough, sore throat, and fatigue. One of the 5 patients had progressive lymphopenia (from 1.3 to 0.56 × 109 cells per L) and progressive neutrophilia (from 4.5 to 18.28 × 109 cells per L). All 5 reactivated patients presented normal aminotransferase levels. Throat swab samples from the 5 reactivated patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2, indicating all positive for the virus.
Findings from this small group of cases suggested that there was currently evidence for reactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and there might be no specific clinical characteristics to distinguish them.
To investigate the impact of marriage on multiple myeloma (MM) survival, and the role of factors such as age, sex, and income in this relationship.
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results ...(SEER) database was searched for eligible MM patients between 2007 and 2016. We compared overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) differences by the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests. The hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for OS and CSS were estimated by Cox regression models. A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to minimize the covariates differences between married and unmarried group.
This study identified 48,952 eligible patients diagnosed with MM, comprising 29,607 married patients, 5,147 divorced/separated patients, 6,851 single patients, and 7,347 widowed patients. Married MM patients were found to be an independent protective prognostic factor for OS and CSS (all P < 0.001). The survival advantage of marriage still remained in 1:1 matched-pair analysis. The stratified analysis further revealed that the OS and CSS was poorer in unmarried than married MM patients across different age of diagnosis, sex, income, race, and period of diagnosis subgroups (all P < 0.05). The beneficial effect of marriage on the survival of MM was particularly prominent in younger (<65 years) patients, males, higher income patients, non-Hispanic whites, and more recent years.
Married patients with MM tend to have better OS and CSS likely due to their higher income, education level, insurance and receipt of chemotherapy.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objectives
Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) is an antagonist for PPARγ that reduces bone marrow adiposity and increases bone formation in some animal models of osteoporosis and osteonecrosis. ...However, the effect of BADGE treatment on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is unknown. This study investigated the preventive effects of BADGE on steroid-induced osteoporosis in mice.
Methods
Thirty-six female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal (phosphate-buffered saline), model (50 mg/kg dexamethasone sodium phosphate Dex), and BADGE (30 mg/kg of BADGE, combined with Dex) groups. All groups received intraperitoneal injections of their treatments, daily for 4 weeks. Protein and mRNA expression levels of gene markers were measured. Micro-computed tomography was used to measure physical parameters of femurs. Bone histomorphology was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. ELISA was used to measure serum osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1).
Results
Glucocorticoid treatment enlarged the marrow fat, concomitant with bone deterioration; BADGE treatment reversed steroid-induced marrow adiposity. Compared with the model group, BADGE treatment improved bone quality and increased bone volume, while increasing osteogenic markers and reducing adipogenic markers at both mRNA and protein levels; moreover, it reduced serum CTX-1 and increased serum osteocalcin.
Conclusion
BADGE treatment ameliorates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis by inhibiting PPARγ.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress exerts significant effects on cell growth, proliferation, migration, invasion, chemoresistance, and angiogenesis in various cancers. However, the impact of ER stress ...on the outcomes of osteosarcoma patients remains unclear. In this study, we established an ER stress risk model based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TARGET) osteosarcoma dataset to reflect immune features and predict the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. Survival analysis revealed significant differences in overall survival among osteosarcoma patients with different ER stress-related risk scores. Furthermore, ER stress-related risk features were significantly associated with the clinical pathological characteristics of osteosarcoma patients and could serve as independent prognostic indicators. Functional enrichment analysis indicated associations of the risk model with cell chemotaxis, leukocyte migration, and regulation of leukocyte migration. Additionally, the ER stress-related risk model suggested the presence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment and immune checkpoint responses. We validated the significance of 7 ER stress-related genes obtained from LASSO regression analysis through RT-qPCR testing on osteosarcoma samples from a local hospital, and inferred the importance of STC2 based on the literature. Subsequently, IHC experiments using samples from 70 osteosarcoma cases and 21 adjacent tissue samples confirmed differential expression of STC2 between cancer and normal tissues, and explored the gene’s expression in pan-cancer and its association with clinical pathological parameters of osteosarcoma. In conclusion, we have proposed an ER stress risk model as an independent prognostic factor and identified STC2 as a novel risk indicator for disease progression, providing a promising direction for further research and treatment of osteosarcoma.
Glioblastoma is one of the most common and aggressive adult brain tumors. The conventional treatment strategy, surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy, did not change the fact that the recurrence ...rate was high and the survival rate was low. Over the years, accumulating evidence has shown that the subventricular zone has an important role in the recurrence and treatment resistance of glioblastoma. The human adult subventricular zone contains neural stem cells and glioma stem cells that are probably a part of reason for therapy resistance and recurrence of glioblastoma.
Over the years, both bench and bedside evidences strongly support the view that the presence of neural stem cells and glioma stem cells in the subventricular zone may be the crucial factor of recurrence of glioblastoma after conventional therapy. It emphasizes the necessity to explore new therapy strategies with the aim to target subventricular zone to eradicate neural stem cells or glioma stem cells. In this review, we summarize the recent preclinical and clinical advances in targeting neural stem cells in the subventricular zone for glioblastoma treatment, and clarify the prospects and challenges in clinical application.
Although there remain unresolved issues, current advances provide us with a lot of evidence that targeting the neural stem cells and glioma stem cells in subventricular zone may have the potential to solve the dilemma of glioblastoma recurrence and treatment resistance.
The interrelationship between ionizing radiation and the immune system is complex, multifactorial, and dependent on radiation dose/quality and immune cell type. High-dose radiation usually results in ...immune suppression. On the contrary, low-dose radiation (LDR) modulates a variety of immune responses that have exhibited the properties of immune hormesis. Although the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully understood yet, LDR has been used clinically for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and malignant tumors. These advancements in preclinical and clinical studies suggest that LDR-mediated immune modulation is a well-orchestrated phenomenon with clinical potential. We summarize recent developments in the understanding of LDR-mediated immune modulation, with an emphasis on its potential clinical applications.
Abstract Background The rapid development of the telecommunications industry in the post-COVID-19 era has brought tremendous pressure to employees making them a high-risk group for job burnout. ...However, prior research paid less attention to the burnout of employees. Furthermore, social support and gender have separate effects on job burnout. This study explores the mechanism of stress perception on job burnout and examines the roles of social support and gender amid it. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2023 to August 2023 in mainland China. A total of 39,507 were recruited by random sampling and online questionnaires, and 28,204 valid questionnaires were retained. SPSS (version 26.0) and PROCESS (Model 4 & 7) were used for correlation analysis, mediation analysis, and mediated moderation analysis. Result Stress perception can positively predict the level of job burnout of employees in the telecommunications industry, and social support plays a partial mediating role, accounts for 8.01% of the total effect, gender moderates the first half of the path in this mediation model. At the same pressure level, female can perceive more social support than male. Conclusions Under high pressure background, employees’ job burnout varies depending on gender and the perception of social support. Therefore, telecommunications industry managers should adopt decompression measures and targeted social support resources for different groups.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Alcohol consumption by children and adolescents is receiving increasing attention. It may cause dyslipidemia, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the association between alcohol ...consumption and blood lipids in children and adolescents is unclear, and so we aimed to characterize this association.
Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were extracted from children and adolescents aged 7-18 years for whom information was available on alcohol consumption. The population was divided into drinking and nondrinking groups. The χ2, Student's t, or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare groups. Univariate and multivariate linear regression and propensity score matching (PSM) analysis were used to identify the association between alcohol consumption and blood lipids.
This study included 408 children and adolescents with 35 drinkers and 373 nondrinkers. The drinkers had significantly lower values of total cholesterol (TC) (3.8 mmol/L for nondrinkers versus 3.5 mmol/L for drinkers, p = 0.002) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (1.3 mmol/L for nondrinkers versus 1.2 mmol/L for drinkers, p = 0.007), but not for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (2.1 mmol/L for nondrinkers versus 2.0 mmol/L for drinkers, p = 0.092) or triglyceride (TG) (0.9 mmol/L for nondrinkers versus 0.8 mmol/L for drinkers, p = 0.21). The univariate and multivariate analyses led to the same conclusions. After PSM there was still a significant negative association between alcohol consumption and TC or HDL-C.
Alcohol consumption in children and adolescents exhibited significant negative associated with TC and HDL-C, but not with LDL-C or TG. These findings need to be confirmed in future prospective research, and the health effects of blood lipid changes caused by drinking in children and adolescents need to be clarified.
In this study, we examined the characteristics and aimed to increase the knowledge of clinical features of leptomeningeal metastasis (LM). The clinical data, including initial diagnosis and treatment ...of primary tumor, clinical manifestations, neuroimaging findings, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination, were analyzed. For the patients with adenocarcinoma/breast cancer, the incidence of cranial lesions and cranial nerve paralysis was obviously higher than patients with small cell lung cancer. Whereas, the incidence of involvement of intravertebral canal was obviously lower than that of small cell lung cancer. Patients with adenocarcinoma/breast cancer showed more incidence of leptomeningeal enhancement compared to those with small cell lung cancer. Persistent severe headache was noticed in those with squamous carcinoma, and usually showed absence of abnormally LM-related neuroimaging and CSF cytological findings, which resulted in a challenge in the diagnosis of LM from squamous carcinoma. Patients with different primary tumors showed differential clinical features. Significant differences were observed in clinical features between patients with adenocarcinoma/breast cancer and small cell lung cancer. Our study contributes to the understanding of clinical characteristics of LM, and contributes to improvement of LM diagnosis in clinical practice.
PDF
