Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of non-protein-coding RNAs which are longer than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs play important roles in epigenetic modification, transcription and ...post-transcriptional regulation, maintenance of normal tissue development and differentiation. LncRNA could serve as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis as well as a molecular target for therapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Therefore, we have determined the expression profile of 5-lncRNAs namely UCA1, TUG1, HOTAIR, MALAT1, and H19 by quantitative real-time PCR in tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissue of 32 OSCC patients. To determine the expression, methylation status and genomic alterations in lncRNAs across pan-cancer, TCGA datasets were analyzed by UALCAN, MEXPRESS and cBioPortal database. Then, we determined the association between lncRNA expression and clinicopathological attributes of patients by Spearman’s rank test. Expression of
UCA1
and
TUG1
genes was up-regulated in 54.83% and 53.12% OSCC tumors, respectively. Importantly, expression of
MALAT1
and
H19
was down-regulated in tumor tissues of 62.5% and 81.25% respectively of OSCC patients. Except for MALAT1, our experimental data showed concordance with the TCGA analysis. Expression of HOTAIR in OSCC tumors was positively correlated with tumor volume, whereas MALAT1 and H19 negatively correlated with the smoking status of patients.
Textile grade dye from agro-residue, groundnut testa was produced by aqueous extraction. The extracted dye was used for the dyeing of cotton in the presence of alum, ferrous sulfate, and myrobalan. ...The fastness and functional properties of the dyed fabrics were studied. The results showed that the color fixation of groundnut testa dye on cotton is good, without the aid of mordants; however, the dye produced deeper shades in the presence of mordants. Irrespective of the mordants used, the dyed fabric showed excellent microbial resistance against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and ultraviolet protection. Lab to bulk correlation studies of groundnut testa dye was conducted with knitted cotton fabric so that the textile dyeing industry can benefit from this agro- residue natural resource. Color strength (K/S) of the bulk dyed sample is higher than the lab dip with the color difference (dE) found to be higher than the industrial shade approving limit of 1.0. The garment-dyed using tie and dye method exhibited good fastness properties. The printing with the dye extract was also attempted and it showed good printability on cotton. Thus, dyeing and printing using agro-residue of groundnut testa is a source of sustainable and cleaner production of natural dye for the medium and small-scale industries.
Graphic abstract
Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), an aquatic monocotyledonous plant, is highly valued for cut flower and plant parts containing medicinal properties. The paper presents the method of drawing out cellulosic ...fibers from lotus peduncles. Mechanical properties of lotus fibers were evaluated and compared with other common natural fibers. Morphology and characteristics of lotus fiber and peduncle were studied using scanning electron micrograph. Fiber characterization was done to identify the elements present and chemical composition in the lotus fiber by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results reveal that lotus fiber is one of the finest (0.22 tex) natural fibers with helical structure and promising quality. Chemical characterization of the lotus fiber shows presence of cellulose and similarity with cotton fibers.
Pollen tubes extend through pistil tissues and are guided to ovules where they release sperm for fertilization. Although pollen tubes can germinate and elongate in a synthetic medium, their ...trajectory is random and their growth rates are slower compared to growth in pistil tissues. Furthermore, interaction with the pistil renders pollen tubes competent to respond to guidance cues secreted by specialized cells within the ovule. The molecular basis for this potentiation of the pollen tube by the pistil remains uncharacterized. Using microarray analysis in Arabidopsis, we show that pollen tubes that have grown through stigma and style tissues of a pistil have a distinct gene expression profile and express a substantially larger fraction of the Arabidopsis genome than pollen grains or pollen tubes grown in vitro. Genes involved in signal transduction, transcription, and pollen tube growth are overrepresented in the subset of the Arabidopsis genome that is enriched in pistil-interacted pollen tubes, suggesting the possibility of a regulatory network that orchestrates gene expression as pollen tubes migrate through the pistil. Reverse genetic analysis of genes induced during pollen tube growth identified seven that had not previously been implicated in pollen tube growth. Two genes are required for pollen tube navigation through the pistil, and five genes are required for optimal pollen tube elongation in vitro. Our studies form the foundation for functional genomic analysis of the interactions between the pollen tube and the pistil, which is an excellent system for elucidation of novel modes of cell-cell interaction.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The aim of this study was to investigate gene expression alterations associated with overall survival (OS) in glioblastoma (GBM). Using the Nanostring nCounter platform, we identified four genes (
, ...and
) that achieved statistical significance when comparing GBM with non-neoplastic brain tissue. The four genes were included in a multivariate Cox Proportional Hazard model, along with age, extent of resection, and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (
promotor methylation, to create a unique glioblastoma prognostic index (GPI). The GPI score inversely correlated with survival: patient with a high GPI had a median OS of 7.5 months (18-month OS = 9.7%) whereas patients with a low GPI had a median OS of 20.1 months (18-month OS = 54.5%; log rank
-value = 0.004). The GPI score was then validated in 188 GBM patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) from a national data base; similarly, patients with a high GPI had a median OS of 10.5 months (18-month OS = 12.4%) versus 16.9 months (18-month OS = 41.5%) for low GPI (log rank
-value = 0.0003). We conclude that this novel mRNA-based prognostic index could be useful in classifying GBM patients into risk groups and refine prognosis estimates to better inform treatment decisions or stratification into clinical trials.
Tiara is the only fiber variety flax recently been introduced in India. The water retted flax fibers were mechanically extracted and subjected to degum and bleach using various chemicals and enzymes ...and the treatment conditions were optimized. The tenacity and elongation of the fiber were found to be improved when ethylene diamine tetra acetate (EDTA) was used to degum the fiber before peroxide bleaching. The effect of hydrogen peroxide in flax bleaching was studied at different mediums. Oxalic acid and EDTA assisted peroxide bleaching shows 23% and 50% increase in tenacity and whiteness as compared to raw fiber. The characterization of fiber done through FTIR, SEM, and analysis of chemical composition, shows the removal of pectin and hemicellulose from the fiber as a result of chemical treatments.
Increased telomerase activity is associated with malignancy and poor prognosis in human cancer, but the development of targeted agents has not yet provided clinical benefit. Here we report that, ...instead of targeting the telomerase enzyme directly, small molecules that bind to the G-hairpin of the hTERT G-quadruplex-forming sequence kill selectively malignant cells without altering the function of normal cells. RG260 targets the hTERT G-quadruplex stem-loop folding but not tetrad DNAs, leading to downregulation of hTERT expression. To improve physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties, we derived a small-molecule analog, RG1603, from the parent compound. RG1603 induces mitochondrial defects including PGC1α and NRF2 inhibition and increases oxidative stress, followed by DNA damage and apoptosis. RG1603 injected as a single agent has tolerable toxicity while achieving strong anticancer efficacy in a tumor xenograft mouse model. These results demonstrate a unique approach to inhibiting the hTERT that functions by impairing mitochondrial activity, inducing cell death.
Productivity of wheat crop is largely dependent on its growth and development that, in turn, is mainly regulated by environmental conditions, including abiotic stress factors. miRNAs are key ...regulators of gene expression networks involved in diverse aspects of development and stress responses in plants. Using high-throughput sequencing of eight small RNA libraries prepared from diverse abiotic stresses and tissues, we identified 47 known miRNAs belonging to 20 families, 49 true novel and 1030 candidate novel miRNAs. Digital gene expression analysis revealed that 257 miRNAs exhibited tissue-specific expression and 74 were associated with abiotic stresses. Putative target genes were predicted for miRNAs identified in this study and their grouping into functional categories indicated that the putative targets were involved in diverse biological processes. RLM-RACE of predicted targets of three known miRNAs (miR156, miR160 and miR164) confirmed their mRNA cleavage, thus indicating their regulation at post-transcriptional level by the corresponding miRNAs. Mapping of the sequenced data onto the wheat progenitors and closely related monocots revealed a large number of evolutionary conserved miRNAs. Additional expression profiling of some of these miRNAs in other abiotic stresses underline their involvement in multiple stresses. Our findings provide valuable resource for an improved understanding of the role of miRNAs in stress tolerance as well as plant development.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The new technologies and materials necessary for the development of antibacterial fabrics have been of great interest to researchers in recent years. This study focuses on the investigation of the ...natural waste product such as onion peel-based nanoemulsion for dyeing of cotton and cotton blended fabric samples. 100% cotton and polyester/cotton fabrics have been dyed with two different concentrations (5% and 10%) of onion peel (OP) extract-based nanoemulsion (NE). Antibacterial activity of dyed samples has been tested against both the Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) bacteria. Among all the fabric samples, the 100% cotton fabric dyed with 10% onion peel-based nanoemulsion (OP-NE) registers the highest antibacterial activity of 75 and 57% against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. However, the antibacterial effectiveness remained substantial at 38 and 31%, respectively, even after 25 home laundry washes. The test specimens have been further tested for their color strength, ultra-violet protection factor (UPF), tensile, and tear strength properties to evaluate the change in their physical properties.
In recent years, the use of natural fibers has become highly popular in industrial textile applications. Typha domingensis (TD), a naturally growing plant under wetland conditions characterized by ...its high-quality leaf and seed fibers. An attempt was made to extract and characterize fibers from its leaves and seeds by water retting. The fibers obtained from the leaves were continuous, more than 0.9 m long, possess high tensile strength and modulus whereas, seed fibers were feathery and porous. The morphological, mechanical, chemical properties, and crystalline structure of both the fibers were analyzed. The scanning electron microscopic studies showed that typha fiber surface is smooth, fine, and circular in cross-section. The crystalline and chemical properties were very close to that of cellulosic fibers. This research has shown the possibility of using biodegradable TD leaf and TD seed fibers in the manufacturing of technical textiles and composites.
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