The environmental crisis and resource dilemma are serious challenges exposed to the world, which has placed sustainable development on the priority agenda. This research applies the wavelet-based ...quantile on quantile method to explore the impact of green finance (GF) on two basic drivers of sustainability: green technology (GT) and carbon efficiency (CE). We find mixed results between them across different market sizes and conditions in the short to medium term. Concerning the scenario of the long run, the positive effects can be captured in the bull GF market, while it performs the negative influence in the bear market. Therefore, our findings reveal that the GF is not always a blessing for GT and CE. The results are corroborated by the related theoretical mechanism, which highlights their inherent interaction. In this regard, the government should act as a catalyst to accelerate the establishment of an evaluation system and information disclosure criteria that are compatible with GT and CE, thereby improving the accuracy of GF support and promoting sustainable development.
•Apply the wavelet-based quantile on quantile method to explore the impact of green finance (GF).•Mixed results between them across different market sizes and conditions in the short to medium term.•Positive effects capture in the bull GF market and perform the negative influence in the bear market.•The results corroborate by the related theoretical mechanism highlights their inherent interaction.•Government acts as a catalyst to accelerate the establishment of an evaluation system and information disclosure criteria.
In recent years, indoor air quality monitoring has been a major concern worldwide due to its significant impacts on human health as people typically spend approximately 90% of their time in indoor ...environments. Many studies are increasingly focusing efforts on the design of real-time indoor air quality monitoring systems using wireless sensor networks. This paper presents a real-time cost-effective indoor air quality monitoring system (IAQMS) based on LoRa and the Internet of Things (IoT), which can measure CO2, PM2.5, PM10, TVOC, HCHO, ambient temperature, and relative humidity. The hardware architecture and software design of the indoor air quality detector (IAQD) are described in detail. Based on the OneNET platform, the proposed IAQMS enables remote monitoring and storage of data in the cloud platform for future analysis. The measurement consistency and stability of the IAQD proposed in this study are verified through the experimental measurement methods in five different working conditions. Meantime, the effect of adding a shell on the measurement of the sensor is comparatively analyzed. The presented IAQMS can be flexibly deployed in complex indoor environments for real-time monitoring and alerting.
Typhimurium (
Typhimurium) is a globally distributed foodborne pathogen, which can lead to outbreaks of foodborne infectious diseases. It is essential to guarantee food safety by timely and correct ...detection of
Typhimurium. In this investigation, an original fluorescence aptasensor was constructed to detect
Typhimurium rapidly and sensitively. Through the coupling of magnetic beads, aptamer, and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), a fluorescence quenching system with a "sandwich structure" was established. The aptamer acted as a link, and its specific binding to
Typhimurium could release AuNPs from the system. Meanwhile, fluorescent DNA-stabilized silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs) were synthesized. The fluorescence intensity changes caused by the fluorescence resonance energy transfer between DNA-AgNCs and AuNPs were utilized to detect
Typhimurium. The purposed aptasensor exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity with a linear response to
Typhimurium, ranging from 3.7 × 10
to 3.7 × 10
cfu/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) was estimated to be 98 cfu/mL within 2 h 10 min. In addition, this method showed excellent application for detection of
Typhimurium in artificially contaminated milk, with LOD reaching 3.4 × 10
cfu/mL. Therefore, the developed fluorescence aptasensor has great potential to identify
Typhimurium in foodstuffs.
Powdered infant formula (PIF) is the main source of Cronobacter spp. contamination, among which the addition of raw and auxiliary materials and the processing environment are the most important ...routes of transmission. In order to effectively prevent and control Cronobacter spp. to ensure the safety of dairy products, eight strains of Cronobacter spp. isolated from PIF and its processing environment were used as the research objects. Their heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance, dryness resistance and permeability resistance were studied, and the differences of environmental resistance of different strains were analyzed. The results showed that Cronobacter spp. had different heat resistance. The strains isolated from the end products had relatively stronger heat resistance. Cronobacter spp. generally had the characteristics of acid resistance but not alkali resistance. Under the acidic conditions at pH1.5, all strains could still survive being treated for 30 s. Cronobacter spp. had strong resistance to de
Agri-food safety has been considered as one of the most important public concerns worldwide. From farm to table, food crops and foods are extremely vulnerable to the contamination by a variety of ...pollutants from their growth and processing. Moreover, the SARS-CoV-2 detected in the food supply chain during COVID-19 pandemic has posed a greater challenge for rapid and on-site detection of agri-food contaminants in complex and volatile environments. Therefore, the development of rapid, accurate, and on-site detection technologies and portable detection devices is of great importance to ensure the agri-food security.
This review comprehensively summarized the recent advances on the construction of CRISPR/Cas systems-based biosensing technologies and their portable detection devices, as well as their promising applications in the field of agri-food safety. First of all, the classification and working principles of CRISPR/Cas systems were introduced. Then, the latest advances on the CRISPR/Cas system-based on-site detection technologies and portable detection devices were also systematically summarized. Most importantly, the state-of-the-art applications of CRISPR/Cas systems-based on-site detection technologies and portable detection devices in the fields of agri-food safety were comprehensively summarized. Impressively, the future opportunities and challenges in this emerging and promising field were proposed.
Emerging CRISPR/Cas system-based on-site detection technologies have showed a great potential in the detection of agri-food safety. Impressively, the integration of CRISPR/Cas systems-based biosensing technologies with portable detection devices (e.g., nanopore-based detection devices, lateral flow assay, smartphone-based detection devices, and microfluidic devices) is very promising for the on-site detection of agri-food contaminants. Additionally, CRISPR/Cas system-based biosensing technologies can be further integrated with much more innovative technologies for the development of novel detection platforms to realize the more reliable on-site detection of agri-food safety.
Emerging CRISPR/Cas system-enabled portable devices for the on-site detection of agri-food safety. Display omitted
•The classification and working principles of Cas effectors were introduced.•The latest advances on CRISPR/Cas system-based portable devices were summarized.•Applications of CRISPR/Cas system-based portable devices in agri-food safety were summarized.•Remaining challenges and opportunities in this promising field were proposed.
In recent years, physical technologies have been widely employed to reduce food protein allergenicity due to their simplicity and stability. This paper summarizes recent research advances in these ...technologies, focusing on differences in their effects on allergenicity between animal and alternative proteins. The mechanisms of allergenicity reduction and the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies were compared. It was found that heating, although affording better allergenicity reduction than non-thermal treatment technologies, affects other properties of the food. Because of their higher molecular weights and more complex structures, animal proteins are less affected by physical technologies than alternative proteins. It is worth noting that there is a scarcity of existing technology to reduce the allergenicity of food proteins, and more technologies should be explored for this purpose. In addition, better allergenicity-reducing processing technologies should be designed from the perspectives of processing conditions, technological innovations, and combined processing technologies in the future.
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•Physical technology can effectively reduce the allergenicity of food protein•Animal protein have better digestibility than alternative protein•Animal protein have more complex structures than alternative protein•Processing has less effect on animal protein allergenicity than alternative protein•Reducing allergenicity should not change the functional properties of food
Escherichia coli O157: H7 (E. coli O157: H7) is one of the most common foodborne pathogens and is widespread in food and the environment. Thus, it is significant for rapidly detecting E. coli O157: ...H7. In this study, a colorimetric aptasensor based on aptamer-functionalized magnetic beads, exonuclease III (Exo III), and G-triplex/hemin was proposed for the detection of E. coli O157: H7. The functional hairpin HP was designed in the system, which includes two parts of a stem containing the G-triplex sequence and a tail complementary to cDNA. E. coli O157: H7 competed to bind the aptamer (Apt) in the Apt-cDNA complex to obtain cDNA. The cDNA then bound to the tail of HP to trigger Exo III digestion and release the single-stranded DNA containing the G-triplex sequence. G-triplex/hemin DNAzyme could catalyze TMB to produce visible color changes and detectable absorbance signals in the presence of H
O
. Based on the optimal conditions, E. coli O157: H7 could be detected down to 1.3 × 10
CFU/mL, with a wide linear range from 1.3 × 10
to 1.3 × 10
CFU/mL. This method had a distinguished ability to non-target bacteria, which showed good specificity. In addition, the system was successfully applied to detect E. coli O157: H7 in milk samples.
Salmonella typhimurium, as a major foodborne pathogen, poses a serious threat to public health safety worldwide. Here, we present a colorimetric biosensor based on aptamer recognition-induced ...multi-DNA release and peroxidase-mimicking three-way junction DNA-silver/platinum bimetallic nanoclusters (3WJ/DNA-Ag/PtNCs) for the detection of S. typhimurium. In this method, S. typhimurium specifically binds to the aptamer and releases multiple cDNAs to form the three-way junction DNA structure and synthesize silver/platinum bimetallic nanoclusters, which induces signaling changes. Interestingly and importantly, the use of 3WJ/DNA as the template for synthesizing Ag/PtNCs gives the method an extremely low background signal. Under the optimal conditions, the constructed biosensor had a linear response range of 2.6 × 102-2.6 × 106 CFU/mL and a detection limit of 2.6 × 102 CFU/mL for the detection of S. typhimurium. In addition, the proposed method can effectively detect S. typhimurium in milk.
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•A simple, sensitive, low cost and low background biosensor was constructed.•Successful detection of S. typhimurium in real samples (milk).•3WJ/DNA-Ag/PtNCs were synthesized for the first time, providing superior color output.•Signal amplification through target-induced poly-DNA release and 3WJ/DNA-Ag/PtNCs.
Food allergies are worldwide public health problems. Enzymatic hydrolysis has mild conditions, and high efficiency and stability, meaning it is widely used to reduce the allergenicity of food ...allergens. However, using only enzymatic hydrolysis allows allergens to retain some allergenicity, thereby limiting its application; combining enzymatic hydrolysis with processing represents a potentially effective solution to solve this issue.
Here, the effects of three combinations of enzymatic hydrolysis and processing on food allergen allergenicity were reviewed: pre-processing before hydrolysis, hydrolysis under processing, and hydrolysis before processing. The mechanisms, advantages, and limitations of each combination were discussed.
Combing pre-processing and enzymatic hydrolysis more effectively reducing allergenicity than a single treatment. However, each combination affects allergenicity through different mechanisms: (1) most pre-processing procedures (heating, ultrasound, high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric field, and pulsed ultraviolet light) disrupted conformational epitopes and increased enzyme accessibility by altering protein spatial structures; (2) cold plasma and fermentation reduced allergenicity mainly by hydrolyzing epitopes, yet combined with enzymatic hydrolysis further reduced allergenicity owing to the differences in hydrolysis sites; (3) glycation and polyphenols binding reduce allergenicity by masking linear epitopes, whereas enzymatic hydrolysis eliminates unmasked epitopes. Hydrolysis under processing improves hydrolysis efficiency; however, only limited research exists on the enzymatic changes that occur during processing. Hydrolysis before processing (especially fermentation) produces proteins with hypoallergenic, good sensory, and functional properties. The allergen allergenicity may increase, decrease, or remain unchanged depending on the processing method, conditions, enzyme type, and allergen source.
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•Enzymatic hydrolysis combined with processing can effectively reduce allergenicity.•Optimal conditions and enzymes need to be explored for different allergens.•Hydrolysis before fermentation is used to produce superior hypoallergenic foods.•Safety of hydrolyzed proteins produced by new methods needs more evaluation.•Allergenicity reduction should not come at the expense of other characteristics.
Milk contaminated with trace amounts of foodborne pathogens can considerably threaten food safety and public health. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection techniques for foodborne pathogens in milk ...are essential. Nucleic acid amplification (NAA)-based strategies are widely used to detect foodborne pathogens in milk. This review article covers the mechanisms of the NAA-based detection of foodborne pathogens in milk, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), rolling circle amplification (RCA), and enzyme-free amplification, among others. Key factors affecting detection efficiency and the advantages and disadvantages of the above techniques are analyzed. Potential on-site detection tools based on NAA are outlined. We found that NAA-based strategies were effective in detecting foodborne pathogens in milk. Among them, PCR was the most reliable. LAMP showed high specificity, whereas RPA and RCA were most suitable for on-site and in-situ detection, respectively, and enzyme-free amplification was more economical. However, factors such as sample separation, nucleic acid target conversion, and signal transduction affected efficiency of NAA-based strategies. The lack of simple and effective sample separation methods to reduce the effect of milk matrices on detection efficiency was noteworthy. Further research should focus on simplifying, integrating, and miniaturizing microfluidic on-site detection platforms.
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