Motion detection plays an important role in most video based applications. One of the many possible ways to detect motion consists in background subtraction. This paper discusses experiments led for ...a particular background subtraction technique called ViBe. This technique models the background with a set of samples for each pixel and compares new frames, pixel by pixel, to determine if a pixel belongs to the background or to the foreground. In its original version, the scope of ViBe is limited to background modeling. In this paper, we introduce a series of modifications that alter the working of ViBe, like the inhibition of propagation around internal borders or the distinction between the updating and segmentation masks, or process the output, for example by some operations on the connected components. Experimental results obtained for video sequences provided on the workshop site validate the improvements of the proposed modifications.
Autoimmune disease of the inner ear Cinco Balderas, E; Paquot Chico, R O; López Ríos, G ...
Gaceta médica de México,
1992 May-Jun, Letnik:
128, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Objective
The aim of this study was to compare energy and protein content of the served food with the actual intake from the food consumed by nursing home residents. This study also aimed to compare ...food intake and dietary allowances.
Design
This is a cross sectional study.
Setting
This study was performed in nursing homes.
Participants
Residents of these 2 nursing homes were eligible for the study if they agreed to participate and if they meet the selection criteria (to be older than 65 years and have a regular texture diet).
Measurement
Nutrient content of the served food and real food consumption was calculated for all meals during a 5-day period by precise weighting method. Difference between consumed and served dietary content was evaluated by the Chi² test.
Results
Seventy-four Belgian nursing home residents (75% of women, 85.8 ± 7.04 years on average) were included in this study. These subjects had a mean body mass index of 24.9 ± 4.83 kg/m². The mean energy content of the served food was 1783.3 ± 125.7 kcal per day. However, residents did not eat the whole of the meals and the actual energy content of the consumed food was significantly less (1552.4 ± 342.1 kcal per day; p<.001). The average protein content of the food served was equal to 0.96 ± 0.20 g/kg/day and the average consumption of protein by the residents was 0.88 ± 0.25 g/kg/day. The difference between protein served and consumed was also significant (p=.04). Moreover, people considered as well nourished, eating significantly more energy than the others (p=.04).
Conclusion
Meals served in nursing homes are not entirely consumed by their residents. As expected, the energy consumed are lower in subjects considered as malnourished or at risk of malnutrition.
Objectives
This study aimed 1) to assess the nutritional status of patients hospitalized in a geriatric ward using the recent Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, 2) to ...determine the balance between the energy intake (EI) with an enriched diet and the energy requirement (ER) using indirect calorimetry, and 3) to assess whether undernutrition is associated with 1-year outcome.
Design
This is a prospective cross-sectional study.
Setting
This study was performed in a geriatric unit.
Participants
Patients of this geriatric unit were eligible for the study if they agreed to participate and if they did not meet the exclusion criteria (presence of malignant tumour, uncontrolled heart or renal failure, thyroidal disease, uncontrolled sepsis, oedema of the lower limbs, wearing of a pacemaker, biological thyroid dysfunction and inability to perform walking tests).
Measurements
Rest energy expenditure (REE) was measured by indirect calorimetry within the week of hospitalization. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was obtained by multiplying REE by a physical activity level coefficient and energy expenditure that was related to thermogenesis (i.e., 10% of the total amount of energy ingested over 24 h) was added. Food intake was measured over a 3-day period. Undernutrition was defined using MNA and the criteria of the GLIM leadership. Clinical outcomes included 1-year institutionalisation and mortality.
Results
Seventy-nine patients (84.9 ± 5.3 years) were included. A total of 21 (26.6 %) patients were found undernourished. REE was 1088 ± 181kcal/day (17.8 ± 2.9 kcal/kg/day) and TEE was 1556 ± 258 kcal/day (25.4 ± 4.2 kcal/kg/day). Weight-adjusted REE and TEE were higher in undernourished patients compared to those well-nourished (19.8 ± 3.1 vs. 17.1 ± 2.6 kcal/day and 28.4±4.5 vs. 24.4±3.7 kcal/day) (p<0.05). The lower was the Body Mass Index (BMI), the higher was the energy needs (p<0.01). EI was significantly greater than energy requirements (difference requirements - intake with enriched diet = −354 ± 491 kcal/day; p<0.0001). This difference did not depend on BMI (p=0.82), appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI) (p=0.63), or the presence of undernutrition (p=0.33). At 1-year follow-up, 15 (19%) patients died and 20 (25.6%) were institutionalized. On multivariable analysis, male gender (OR=5.63; p=0.015) and undernutrition (OR=7.29; p=0.0043) emerged as independently associated with death. On multivariable analysis, only ASMI (OR 0.59 (0.35–0.99), p=0.044) and activities of daily living (ADL) (OR 1.14 (1.00–1.30), p=0.043) were significantly associated with institutionalization.
Conclusions
Undernutrition as assessed by the GLIM criteria remains common in elderly patients hospitalized in a geriatric unit and is associated with increased 1-year mortality but not with institutionalization. Energy requirements are higher in undernourished patients and in patients with a low BMI. Enriched energy intakes could sufficiently cover the energy needs of this population.
Podosphaera fusca is the main causal agent of cucurbit powdery mildew in Spain. Four Bacillus subtilis strains, UMAF6614, UMAF6619, UMAF6639, and UMAF8561, with proven ability to suppress the disease ...on melon in detached leaf and seedling assays, were subjected to further analyses to elucidate the mode of action involved in their biocontrol performance. Cell-free supernatants showed antifungal activities very close to those previously reported for vegetative cells. Identification of three lipopeptide antibiotics, surfactin, fengycin, and iturin A or bacillomycin, in butanolic extracts from cell-free culture filtrates of these B. subtilis strains pointed out that antibiosis could be a major factor involved in their biocontrol ability. The strong inhibitory effect of purified lipopeptide fractions corresponding to bacillomycin, fengycin, and iturin A on P. fusca conidia germination, as well as the in situ detection of these lipopeptides in bacterial-treated melon leaves, provided interesting evidence of their putative involvement in the antagonistic activity. Those results were definitively supported by site-directed mutagenesis analysis, targeted to suppress the biosynthesis of the different lipopeptides. Taken together, our data have allowed us to conclude that the iturin and fengycin families of lipopeptides have a major role in the antagonism of B. subtilis toward P. fusca.
Mixed monolayers of the surface-active lipopeptide surfactin-C15 and various lipids differing by their chain length (DMPC, DPPC, DSPC) and polar headgroup (DPPC, DPPE, DPPS) were investigated by ...atomic force microscopy (AFM) in combination with molecular modeling (Hypermatrix procedure) and surface pressure-area isotherms. In the presence of surfactin, AFM topographic images showed phase separation for each surfactin–phospholipid system except for surfactin–DMPC, which was in good agreement with compression isotherms. On the basis of domain shape and line tension theory, we conclude that the miscibility between surfactin and phospholipids is higher for shorter chain lengths (DMPC>DPPC>DSPC) and that the polar headgroup of phospholipids influences the miscibility of surfactin in the order DPPC>DPPE>DPPS. Molecular modeling data show that mixing surfactin and DPPC has a destabilizing effect on DPPC monolayer while it has a stabilizing effect towards DPPE and DPPS molecular interactions. Our results provide valuable information on the activity mechanism of surfactin and may be useful for the design of surfactin delivery systems.
O triunfo do urbano Paquot, Thierry; Ribeiro Peixoto, Elane
Paranoá : cadernos de arquitetura e urbanismo,
12/2023
35
Journal Article
Recenzirano
O presente artigo situa as discussões de Françoise Choay sobre o mundo contemporâneo, no qual ela reconhece o triunfo do urbano em escala planetária. Os termos “non-ville” não cidade e ...“non-campagne” não campo são propostos pela autora para indicar o fim da cidade como conjunção entre civitas e urbs — isto é, uma comunidade reunida em um espaço definido e delimitado e que se distingue, por oposição, ao campo. São termos-chave para o entendimento de um fenômeno de dispersão do urbano decorrente da inovação dos meios de transporte e comunicação que constituem redes técnicas que conformam os espaços e os comportamentos. As posições de Choay são cotejadas com as de pensadores como Bernard Charbonneau, Henri Lefebvre, Maurice Bardet, Melvin Webber, Francesco Indovina, entre outros. A tradução do artigo, originalmente escrito em francês, deu atenção ao ritmo do texto, respeitando sua pontuação, e manteve os títulos citados e os neologismos no idioma original, indicando a tradução dos últimos entre colchetes. Notas foram incluídas para auxiliar os leitores brasileiros que, porventura, não estejam familiarizados com os autores mencionados.
Françoise Choay (1925) Paquot, Thierry; Ribeiro Peixoto, Elane
Paranoá : cadernos de arquitetura e urbanismo,
10/2023
35
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
O artigo a seguir é uma biografia de Françoise Choay escrita por Thierry Paquot. Foi originalmente publicada em alemão em Frauen blicken auf die Stadt: architektinnen, planerinnen – Theoretikerinnen ...des Städtebaus II em 2019, em livro organizado por Katia Frey e Eliana Perrotti. A trajetória profissional de Françoise Choay, aqui contemplada, compreende sua formação, publicações e direção de coleções e seu papel na introdução de autores estrangeiros na França.
In addition to the well-known physiological factors, dietary behavior that affects health seems to be influenced by a wide variety of environmental factors. The aim of this study was to assess, by ...means of an original video approach, the influence of the environment on food intake in nursing homes.
The perception of the environment during meals in nursing homes was evaluated by residents and by two groups of volunteers who either work in the field of geriatrics, or who do not work in the field of geriatrics. First, a random sample of residents answered a self-administered questionnaire related to different indicators (ie, noise, space, comfort, light, odors, perceived satisfaction of meals, taste of meals, presentation of meals, service and setting). Second, two separate panels, one including the people who work in the field of geriatrics (ie, experts) and one including the people who have no particular interest in geriatrics (ie, nonexperts), were asked to answer a questionnaire on their perception of the environment after having watched a video of the lunch in each nursing home. Then, the food intake of the residents was measured by a precise food-weighing method.
A total of 88 residents from nine different nursing homes, 18 experts and 45 nonexperts answered the questionnaires. This study highlighted that, on the one hand, after adjustment on confounding variables, the perception of the quantity of food served by the residents is the only single factor associated with food consumption (
=0.003). On the other hand, experts and nonexperts did not perceive any environmental factor that seems to be significantly associated with residents' food intake.
Our results highlighted that, in a nursing home setting, environmental factors have limited influence on the food intake of the residents, with the exception of their own perception of the quantity served. The relevance of this factor deserves further investigation.
A Belgian registry for pediatric Crohn's disease, BELCRO, was created. This first report aims at describing disease presentation and phenotype and determining associations between variables at ...diagnosis and registration in the database.
Through a collaborative network, children with previously established Crohn's disease and newly diagnosed children and adolescents (under 18y of age) were recruited over a 2year period. Data were collected by 23 centers and entered in a database. Statistical association tests analyzed relationships between variables of interest at diagnosis.
Two hundred fifty-five patients were included. Median age at diagnosis was 12.5y (range: 1.6–18y); median duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis was 3m (range: 1–12m). Neonatal history and previous medical history did not influence disease onset nor disease behavior. Fifty three % of these patients presented with a BMI z-score<−1. CRP was an independent predictor of disease severity. Steroids were widely used as initial treatment in moderate to severe and extensive disease. Over time, immunomodulators and biological were prescribed more frequently, reflecting a lower prescription rate for steroids and 5-ASA. A positive family history was the sole significant determinant for earlier use of immunosuppression.
In Belgium, the median age of children presenting with Crohn's disease is 12.5y. Faltering growth, extensive disease and upper GI involvement are frequent. CRP is an independent predictive factor of disease activity. A positive family history appears to be the main determinant for initial treatment choice.
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