The purpose of this work is to investigate the reduction in location management cost by profiling the subscriber with the sets of call data record (CDR) as inputs for a dynamic network simulation. We ...propose dynamic intelligent paging using the history of subscribers’ behaviour directly from a CDR dataset along with knowledge of users’ past location to predict their next location and thus reducing the paging resources. Simulated results with the actual user data show 4–5 times better performance than that of conventional paging and 3–4 times better than that of intelligent paging. The specific research contributions regarding the dynamic management algorithm, which can be used along with the existing system without any modifications, are outlined in this work. An illustrative scenario demonstrates the proposed approach with synthetic data. The novelty of this work is that instead of using theoretically predicted data it uses actual CDR data to profile the users.
Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) are established foodborne pathogens, most commonly reported in cases of gastroenteritis. These pathogens are however, increasingly being implicated in cases of ...bacteraemia and other extraintestinal manifestations. We report a case of a scalp abscess due to Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis, which is a serotype of NTS, in a child suffering from a haematologic malignancy. The child was on steroid and anticancer chemotherapy and developed the abscess secondary to bacteraemia with Salmonella Enteritidis. The abscess was drained and resolved following a course of intravenous antibiotic treatment.
Objective: To study the role of Na + , K + - ATPase enzyme in the
vascular response of goat ruminal artery. Materials and Methods:
Ruminal artery was obtained in chilled aerated modified ...Krebs-Henseleit
solution (KHS) from a local slaughterhouse and transported in ice for
further processing. The endothelium intact arterial ring was mounted in
a thermostatically controlled (37 ± 0.5°C) organ bath
containing 20 ml of modified KHS (pH 7.4) bubbled with oxygen (95%) and
CO 2 (5%) under 2g tension. An equilibration of 90 min was allowed
before addition of drugs into the bath. The responses were recorded
isometrically in an automatic organ bath connected to PowerLab data
acquisition system. In order to examine intact functional endothelium,
ACh (10µM) was added on the 5-HT (1.0µM) - induced sustained
contractile response. Similarly, functional characterization of Na + ,
K + -ATPase activity was done by K + -induced relaxation
(10µM-10mM) in the absence and presence of ouabain (0.1µM/
0.1mM), digoxin (0.1µM) and barium (30µM). Results: ACh
(10-5 M) did not produce any relaxing effect on 5-HT-induced sustained
contractile response suggesting that vascular endothelium has no
significant influence on the activation of sodium pump by extracellular
K + in ruminal artery. Low concentration of Ba 2+ (30 µM) (IC 50
: 0.479mM) inhibited K + -induced relaxation suggesting K ir (inward
rectifier) channel in part had role in K + -induced vasodilatation in
ruminal artery. Vasorelaxant effect of KCl (10µM-10mM) in K +
-free medium is also blocked by ouabain (0.1µM and 0.1mM) (IC 50
:0.398mM and IC 35 : 1.36mM), but not by digoxin (0.1µM) (IC 50
0.234mM) suggesting that ouabain sensitive Na + , K + -ATPase isoform
is present in the ruminal artery. Conclusion: In the goat ruminal
artery functional regulation of sodium pump is partly mediated by K +
channel and ouabain sensitive Na + , K + ATPase.
This paper presents dwell time distribution based optimal reporting cell planning (RCP) for location management in wireless cellular networks. Dwell time parameter is critically dependent on users’ ...behavior within the network. The innate advantage of Percentile dwell time over the conventionally used absolute dwell time is that it can take only fixed values depending on the number of cells per location area. This helps tremendously in reducing the computational overhead and can be applied to any size of the network as long as the number of cells per location area remains constant. Consequently, the proposed percentile dwell time has been used to determine the optimal reporting cell-planning configuration such that the overall mobility management cost is minimized. Evidently, from the simulation result the proposed technique provides a clear edge of 14.28% improvement in cost reduction compared to the existing technique.
...though evidence shows that this pathogen is associated with nosocomial infections worldwide, relatively little information is currently available regarding ESBL producing K. pneumoniae isolates ...from southern India, and Puducherry in particular. ...a molecular characterization study was performed on blood isolates of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae collected from a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India. {Table 1} All 39 isolates were subjected to molecular analysis, with PCR screening and sequencing being performed to identify the β-lactamase resistance genes; bla TEM , blaSHV , blaOXA-1 group and blaCTX-M, as previously described 7,8,9,10 . ...this study emphasizes the major role that CTX-M-15 plays in facilitating ESBL-mediated antimicrobial resistance in Puducherry, India, and reiterates its association with multiple antibiotic resistance determinants, including carbapenem resistance.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Data on CTX-M type extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) produced by Gram-negative bacteria by molecular methods are limited from India. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of CTX-M ...type ESBL producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from nosocomial isolates in a tertiary care hospital in southern India. A total of 179 clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae (n = 72) and E. coli (n = 107) were obtained in a period of 3 months and assessed for ESBL production phenotypically. Associated resistance to a panel of antibiotics and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration for 3rd generation cephalosporins was determined. Phenotypically ESBL positive isolates were subjected to PCR for bla CTX-M gene using two sets of primers for the simultaneous detection of all the five major groups of CTX-M types. All the positive isolates were then subjected to a group specific PCR to detect the prevalent group. Out of 179 isolates, 156 (87.1%) were positive for ESBL phenotypically, which includes 39.2% of K. pneumoniae and 60.8% of E. coli. All of them were examined by PCR using two primers for the presence of bla CTX-M genes. Among the 156 phenotypic positive isolates, 124 (79.4%) were positive for bla CTX-M genes, of which 45 (36.2%) were K. pneumoniae, 79 (63.7%) were E. coli. When the 124 positive clinical isolates were further tested with CTX-M group-specific primers, all were positive for the CTX-M-1 group. Our findings document evidence of the high prevalence of multidrug resistant CTX-M group 1 type ESBL among nosocomial isolates in this region. High co-resistance to other non-β-lactam antibiotics is a major challenge for management of ESBL infections. This is alarming and calls for the judicious use of carbapenems, especially in developing countries. This has significant implications for patient management, and indicates the need for increased surveillance and for further molecular characterization of these isolates.
We describe an unusual case of pulmonary nocardiosis co-existing with
Strongyloides
stercoralis
hyperinfection syndrome in a patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia who was being treated with ...corticosteroids. This case highlights the importance of being aware of the possibility that infections can co-exist in immunosuppressed patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of co-infection with
Nocardia
asteroides
and
S. stercoralis
.
AmpC beta lactamases among Gram negative clinical isolates from a tertiary hospital, South India Mohamudha, Parveen R.(Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research Department of Microbiology); Harish, B.N.(Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research Department of Microbiology); Parija, S.C.(Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research Department of Microbiology)
Brazilian journal of microbiology,
07/2010, Letnik:
41, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
AmpC β-lactamases are cephalosporinases that hydrolyze cephamycins as well as other extended-spectrum cephalosporins and are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Although reported with ...increasing frequency, the true rate of occurrence of AmpC β-lactamases in different organisms, including members of Enterobacteriaceae, remains unknown. The present study was designed to determine the occurrence of AmpC enzyme-harbouring Gram-negative clinical isolates in a tertiary care hospital in Pondicherry state, South India. A total of 235 Gram negative clinical isolates were tested for resistance to cefoxitin, third generation cephalosporin (3GC) antibiotics, ampicillin, amikacin, co-trimoxazole, gentamicin, meropenem and tetracycline by disc diffusion method. Isolates found resistant to 3GC and cefoxitin were tested for the production of AmpC β -lactamases by three dimensional extraction method and AmpC disc method. Isolates found to sensitive to 3GC were subjected to disc antagonism test for inducible AmpC production. One hundred and thirty four (57%) strains were resistant to 3GC, among which 63(47%) were positive for plasmid-mediated AmpC beta lactamases production. Among the 101 strains sensitive to 3GC, 23 (22.7%) revealed the presence of inducible AmpC beta lactamases by disc approximation test. A total of 80.9% (51/63) of screen positive isolates were detected by Amp C disc test and 93.6% (59/63) by three dimensional extraction method. Out of the 86 AmpC producers, 67 (77.9%) were cefoxitin resistant .Inducible AmpC was not found in Esch.coli and Klebsiella spp. The AmpC producers also concurrently showed multidrug resistance pattern. AmpC producers were found to be prevalent in our hospital and though three dimensional extraction test detects AmpC better, the disk test is easier to perform routinely and is user- friendly.
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