Dendropanax morbifera Leveille is found throughout southwestern Korea, and has been used in traditional medicine for various diseases, such as migraine headache, infectious diseases, skin diseases ...and dysmenorrhea. However, the molecular mechanisms of D. morbifera concerning its biochemical actions in cancer have not yet been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the pro-apoptotic effects of an ethanol extract of D. morbifera stem bark (EEDM) on human leukemia U937 cells. EEDM markedly inhibited the growth of U937 cells by decreasing cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. EEDM-induced apoptosis in U937 cells was associated with the upregulation of death receptor-related protein levels and downregulation of anti-apoptotic IAP family proteins. The increase in apoptosis was also associated with proteolytic activation of caspase-8, -9 and -3, inhibition of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression, Bid cleavage, and loss of MMP suggesting that apoptosis of U937 cells induced by EEDM was through the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. However, a pan-caspase inhibitor, z-VED-fmk, significantly inhibited EEDM-induced U937 cell apoptosis indicating that the caspases were key regulators of apoptosis in response to EEDM in U937 cells. Our data suggest that D. morbifera may be a potential anticancer agent for cancer treatment.
Summary
Objective Osteoporosis is a growing health problem in males as well as in females. Sex hormones and insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) have been shown to be the major determinants in male ...bone metabolism. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a recently identified cytokine that acts as a decoy receptor for the receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL). OPG and RANKL have been shown to be important regulators of osteoclastogenesis. However, the relationship between the OPG‐RANKL system and male bone status in human populations are unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the OPG‐RANKL system and bone mineral metabolism in males.
Patients and Measurements Serum concentrations of OPG, RANKL, oestradiol, total testosterone and IGF‐I and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured in 80 Korean males aged 42–70 (mean age, 54·5 year). Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays were used to determine the serum concentrations of OPG and RANKL. Serum concentrations of oestradiol, total testosterone, IGF‐I and bone turnover markers were determined using standard methods. BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry.
Results We observed a significant negative correlation between the serum OPG levels and lumbar spine BMD (r =−0·259, P < 0·05) in Spearman correlation analysis. Serum OPG levels and RANKL/OPG ratios were found to be significantly correlated to the serum osteocalcin levels (r =− 0·254, P < 0·05; r = 0·264, P < 0·05) in Spearman correlation analysis. Serum OPG levels were found to be negatively correlated with serum oestradiol levels (r =−0·319, P < 0·01) in Spearman correlation analysis. In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between serum RANKL/OPG ratios and oestradiol levels (r = 0·374, P < 0·001) in Spearman correlation analysis. In contrast, Serum total testosterone and IGF‐I levels were not correlated with serum OPG levels or RANKL to OPG ratios in Spearman correlation analysis. In a multiple regression analysis, age, body mass index (BMI), and serum OPG levels were identified as a significant predictor for lumbar spine BMD, and age, BMI, serum OPG and RANKL levels for femoral neck BMD. In another multiple regression analysis, only serum oestradiol level was identified as a significant predictor for serum OPG or RANKL levels. In contrast, Serum total testosterone and IGF‐I levels were not correlated with serum OPG or RANKL levels in multiple regression analysis.
Conclusions Our data show that the circulating OPG‐RANKL system is associated with bone metabolism in the male populations. Also, our data suggest that OPG and RANKL may be mediators of the effects of oestradiol in male bone metabolism.
As a special reference of the nuclear cistron rDNA of cyclopoid copepods, we obtained the entire DNA sequence of a single rDNA repeat unit from
Paracyclopina nana
(Cyclopoida: Cyclopettidae). The ...genomic organization of
P.
nana
rDNA (7,974 bp, 51.7% of GC) was observed to be 18S–ITS1–5.8S–ITS2–28S–IGS in order. Comparative analyses of the rDNA between
P. nana
and other copepods showed that the intergenic spacer (IGS) was highly informative and divergent, while other coding regions are relatively conserved. We detected eleven poly(T) tracts in the IGS, demonstrating the high AT content in this region. In addition, many sub-repeat sequence patterns (e.g., AG, AT, GC, CCG, TC) such as microsatellites were identified from the rDNA IGS of
P. nana
. In this article, we show the first complete sequence of rDNA from the order Cyclopoida, providing a better understanding of molecular characteristics in molecular taxonomy.
We report two microlensing planet candidates discovered by the KMTNet survey in \(2017\). However, both events have the 2L1S/1L2S degeneracy, which is an obstacle to claiming the discovery of the ...planets with certainty unless the degeneracy can be resolved. For KMT-2017-BLG-0962, the degeneracy cannot be resolved. If the 2L1S solution is correct, KMT-2017-BLG-0962 might be produced by a super Jupiter-mass planet orbiting a mid-M dwarf host star. For KMT-2017-BLG-1119, the light curve modeling favors the 2L1S solution but higher-resolution observations of the baseline object tend to support the 1L2S interpretation rather than the planetary interpretation. This degeneracy might be resolved by a future measurement of the lens-source relative proper motion. This study shows the problem of resolving 2L1S/1L2S degeneracy exists over a much wider range of conditions than those considered by the theoretical study of Gaudi (1998).
Purpose The physical strength elements required for athletic throwing events include muscle strength, swiftness, agility, speed, flexibility, and physical balance. Although plyometric training and ...weight training are implemented as representative training methods for improving swiftness and agility, most studies of it have been conducted with players of other sports. Subjects The study subjects were 10 throwing event athletes attending K physical education high school. The subjects were randomly assigned to a control group of five subjects and an experimental group of five subjects. To analyze the body composition, an Inbody 3.0 instrument (Biospace, Korea) was used as experimental equipment to measure heights, weight, body fat percentages, and muscle masses and a Biodex system 4.0 (BIODEX, USA) was used to measure isokinetic muscle-joint and lumbar muscle strengths. The plyometric training consisted of 15 techniques out of the training methods introduced in the ‘Power up plyometric training’. The plyometric program was implemented without any training load three times per week during daybreak exercises for the experimental group. The number of times and the number of sets were changed over time as follows: three sets of 10 times in the 1st −4th weeks, three sets of 15 times in the 5th–8th weeks, and five sets of 15 times in the 9th−12th weeks. Results According to the ANCOVA results of lumbar extensor muscle strength at 60°/sec, the overall reliability of the model was significant. According to the ANCOVA results of lumbar flexor muscle strength at 60°/sec, the overall reliability of the model was significant. Conclusion Plyometric training positively affected high school throwing event athletes. To summarize the study findings, the application of plyometric training with high intensity and loads improved the results of athletes who perform highly intensive exercises at normal times.
Our system provides 4 essential functions on the golf courses. First, using real time GPS satellite information, it will tell you how far away from the center of green the players are at any given ...moment by audible sound. Second, it replaces the player's paper scorecard with an easy to use electronic version. Third, it can track each on a given round, for later statistical analysis. Lastly it can give players live data such as the longest drive distance, average drive distance, the total scores, and many other interesting facts. Our system gives the player an eagle's eye view of the hole to provide the information the player need to play a game confidently and to get lower scores. All the information you need is presented clearly on a brilliant white OLED display, powered by a rechargeable lithium-ion battery designed to last up to 14 hours on a single solar cell charge.
Conclusion. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was the most prevalent species (28.1%) in the bacteriological study of 577 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). ...Frequent and appropriate aural cleansing and irrigation using diluted acetic acid or other solutions such as Burow's solution can be an effective method for the medical treatment of MRSA in CSOM. Objectives. To investigate the bacteriological results of 577 patients with CSOM and the medical treatment results of 91 non-cholesteatomatous MRSA patients and to consider the most appropriate medical treatment modality for MRSA in patients with CSOM. Patients and methods. This study was conducted retrospectively from January 2005 through July 2008 using the medical records of 577 patients with otorrhoea caused by CSOM. We analyzed the bacteriological results by dividing all patients into cholesteatomatous CSOM and noncholesteatomatous CSOM and investigated the medical treatment results of 91 non-cholesteatomatous MRSA patients. We used three treatment modalities: aural cleansing and irrigation (50 cases), intravenous injection of teicoplanin (22 cases) and intravenous injection of vancomycin (15 cases). Results. Overall, MRSA (28.1%) was the most prevalent species, followed by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (20.4%), Pseudomonas (18.6%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) (15.0%). In non-cholesteatomatous MRSA treatment for dry ear, there were no significant differences between the three groups. The results showed that 79.5% of the group treated with aural cleansing and irrigation succeeded in achieving dry ears in 19.0 days. Similarly, 78.9% of another group with intravenous injection of teicoplanin eventually had dry ears, taking 16.0 days. Finally, the number of patients with dry ear in the group treated with intravenous injection of vancomycin was up to 80% of the total in 15.2 days.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Purpose The effects of core training using slings and Togus on the improvement of posture control in Taekwondo club students, that is, balance ability, were investigated. To that end, changes in the ...Taekwondo players’ balance ability resulting from active core training for eight weeks were examined through fitness and foot pressure. Subjects The present study was conducted with 13 male Taekwondo players of K University in Deagu, South Korea. Once the experiment process was explained, consent was obtained from those who participated voluntarily. Methods Air cushions (Germany), Jumpers (Germany), and Aero-Steps (Germany) were used as lumbar stabilization exercise tools. As a method of training proprioceptive senses by stimulating somatesthesia in standing postures, the subjects performed balance squats, supine pelvic lifts, and push-up plus exercise using slings while standing on an Aero-Step and performed hip extension parallel squats (Wall Gym Ball), and standing press-ups on a Togu using their own weight. The subjects performed four sets of these isometric exercises while maintaining an exercise time per set at 30 seconds in each session and repeated this session three times per week. Result Left grip strength significantly increased and number of sit-ups, which indicates muscle endurance, also significantly increased after the eight weeks exercise compared with before the exercise. The values measured during the sit and reach test, which indicate flexibility, also significantly increase after the eight weeks of exercise compared with before the exercise but only in the left foot. Conclusion The result of present study suggest that active core exercise using Slings and Togus can be applied as a very effective exercise program for enhancing balance, which is an important physical factor for Taekwondo club students.
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