Abstract Recent work from the last years has raised the possibility that a portion of Dark Matter could consist of exotic particles, such as axion (anti)quark nuggets (AQN, AQ̅N). After a brief ...review outlining the main features of axion antiquark nuggets, we explore potential experimental signatures that can be leveraged to search for these stable supermassive particles in future surface and underground experiments using large liquid detectors. These expected signals are discussed in relation with the specific characteristics of each detection system.
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a leading-edge, international experiment for neutrino science and proton decay studies. This experiment is looking for answers regarding several ...fundamental questions about the nature of matter and the evolution of the universe: origin of matter, unification of forces, physics of black holes. Two far detector prototypes using two distinct technologies have been developed at CERN. The prototypes are testing and validating the liquid argon time projection chamber technology (LArTPC). In neutrino physics, as well as in any experiment with rare interaction rate, the good knowledge of the radioactive backgrounds is important to the success of the study. Muons and neutrons represent the main sources of background for this kind of experiments. In this paper, we have considered two sources of neutrons: cosmic neutrons and neutrons coming from the accelerating tunnel. Also, cosmic muons are taken into account. The contribution of these particles to the production of radioactive isotopes inside the active volume of the detector in comparison to the one corresponding to muons is shown. Also, simulations of nuclear reactions for the processes of interest for investigating the radioactive background due to the lack of measurements or insufficient experimental data are presented. Most of the results presented in this paper will be of interest for the future underground DUNE experiment.
Anti-inflammatory effects of Allium schoenoprasum L. leaves Parvu, A E; Parvu, M; Vlase, L ...
Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society,
04/2014, Letnik:
65, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Allium schoenoprasum has antimicrobial and antifungal properties and is used to relieve pain from sunburn and sore throat. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects ...of the extracts from A. schoenoprasum leaves. A 1:1 (w:v) extract was prepared by a modified Squibb repercolation method. The total phenolic content of 68.5±2 g gallic acid aquivalent (GAE)/g plant was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The in vitro antioxidant activity was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl bleaching method (6.72±0.44 g/mg DPPH) and the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (132.8±23 g trolox eq./g plant) assay. Analysis of the extracts using the hemoglobin ascorbate peroxidase activity inhibition assay or the electron spin resonance did not yield signals above the detection limit. The anti-inflammatory effects of three extract concentrations (25%, 50%, 100%) were evaluated in vivo on a model turpentine oil-induced inflammation in rats. These three extracts were also evaluated in vitro for the ability to inhibit phagocytosis, the accumulation of total nitrites and nitrates in the serum, the total oxidative status, the total antioxidant response and the oxidative stress index. Pure extracts (100% concentration) had the best inhibitory activity on phagocytosis and oxidative stress. In conclusion, these results support the hypothesis that extracts from A. schoenoprasum leaves exert anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting phagocytosis through the reduction of nitro-oxidative stress.
Abstract
We find that it is possible to increase sensitivity to low energy physics in a third or fourth Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE)-like module with careful controls over radiopurity ...and targeted modifications to a detector similar to the DUNE Far Detector design. In particular, sensitivity to supernova and solar neutrinos can be enhanced with improved MeV-scale reach. A neutrinoless double beta decay search with
136
Xe loading appears feasible. Furthermore, sensitivity to Weakly-Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) Dark Matter becomes competitive with the planned world program in such a detector, offering a unique seasonal variation detection that is characteristic of the nature of WIMPs.
The anti-Nucleolar Organizer Region 90 antibodies (NOR90) are rare antinuclear antibodies (ANA) reported in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Especially due to low prevalence, the clinical relevance of NOR90 ...in SSc remains uncertain.
To analyze the clinical associations of NOR90 in patients with SSc in a multicentric cohort.
Post-hoc, cross-sectional study of prospectively collected data from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) database, with additional information on NOR90.
Further, we performed a systematic literature search, using the terms “systemic sclerosis” and “NOR90” across three databases: Medline via PubMed, Scopus, and Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science Core Collection, from inception to November 1st, 2023.
Overall, 1318 patients with SSc were included (mean age 58.3 ± 13.7 years, 81.3 % female), of whom 44 (3.3 %) were positive for NOR90. Of these, 32 were also positive for one of the SSc-criteria antibodies: 9/44 (20.5 %) for anti-topoisomerase I, 18/42 (42.9 %) for anti-centromere, and 5/40 (12.5 %) for anti-RNA polymerase III. NOR90-positive patients were more frequently female, had lower modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS), and lower prevalence of upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms compared to NOR90-negative patients. In multivariable analysis, NOR90 remained significantly associated with lower mRSS and less frequent GI symptoms.
The literature search identified 17 articles, including a total number of 87 NOR90-positive out of 3357 SSc patients, corresponding to an overall prevalence of 2.6 %.
To our best knowledge, this is the largest SSc cohort tested for NOR90 to date, confirming the NOR90 prevalence in SSc patients is around 3 %.
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