Atomically thin rhenium disulphide (ReS2) is a member of the transition metal dichalcogenide family of materials. This two-dimensional semiconductor is characterized by weak interlayer coupling and a ...distorted 1T structure, which leads to anisotropy in electrical and optical properties. Here we report on the electrical transport study of mono- and multilayer ReS2 with polymer electrolyte gating. We find that the conductivity of monolayer ReS2 is completely suppressed at high carrier densities, an unusual feature unique to monolayers, making ReS2 the first example of such a material. Using dual-gated devices, we can distinguish the gate-induced doping from the electrostatic disorder induced by the polymer electrolyte itself. Theoretical calculations and a transport model indicate that the observed conductivity suppression can be explained by a combination of a narrow conduction band and Anderson localization due to electrolyte-induced disorder.
The age of cancer as an isolated single-cell concept is now behind us. It is now established that epithelial ovarian cancer, like other cancers, interacts with the healthy bystander cells to ...influence them and takes advantage of their nutritional, immunological, disseminating and other capacities. This interaction has become a therapeutic target, as shown by the numerous studies on this subject. Intraperitoneal chemo-hyperthermia has been part of the therapeutic armamentarium for some time yet its efficiency in ovarian cancer has only been recently proven in a randomized controlled trial. However, its therapeutic performance is not revolutionary and epithelial ovarian cancer maintains a high mortality. In this review, we studied the impact of HIPEC on the microenvironment and vice versa to determine whether it could be the key to this lukewarm efficacy. We began by exploring the modalities of HIPEC and establishing the reasons that make this treatment topical. Then, we examined its impact on each element of the tumor environment to obtain a global view of the resistance mechanisms at work in HIPEC.
•There is no consensus on hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) modalities.•HIPEC has an impact on the whole tumor microenvironment.•HIPEC has both negative and positive effect on tumor environment and its anti-tumoral activity.
The age of cancer as an isolated single-cell concept is now behind us. It is now established that epithelial ovarian cancer, like other cancers, interacts with the healthy bystander cells to ...influence them and takes advantage of their nutritional, immunological, disseminating and other capacities. This interaction has become a therapeutic target, as shown by the numerous studies on this subject. Intraperitoneal chemo-hyperthermia has been part of the therapeutic armamentarium for some time yet its efficiency in ovarian cancer has only been recently proven in a randomized controlled trial. However, its therapeutic performance is not revolutionary and epithelial ovarian cancer maintains a high mortality. In this review, we studied the impact of HIPEC on the microenvironment and vice versa to determine whether it could be the key to this lukewarm efficacy. We began by exploring the modalities of HIPEC and establishing the reasons that make this treatment topical. Then, we examined its impact on each element of the tumor environment to obtain a global view of the resistance mechanisms at work in HIPEC.
In 2021 and 2022, the national and cross-sector project CAPRIV funded by the French Ministry of Agriculture, made it possible to assess the influence of application techniques associated or not with ...a hedge or an anti-drift net on spray drift and bystander exposure. The acronym CAPRIV stands for “Concilier l'application des PPP et la protection des riverains” (Reconciling the use of PPPs and the protection of residents), within the orchard, viticulture, and field crops sectors. This specific data article focuses on field crops, especially on wheat. Over the two years, one boom sprayer equipped with flat fan and air induction nozzles was used on wheat fields adjacent to a hedgerow (2022) or not (2021). Spray drift has been measured according to a common protocol harmonised between cropping sectors within the project. Three different types of passive drift collectors were set up downwind of the treated field: Petri dishes for sedimentary drift, PVC wires placed between two masts for airborne drift and cotton T-shirts placed on manikins to assess potential dermal exposure of bystanders. The sprayed mix contained a fluorescent dye diluted in water. The mass of dye was measured using a classical technique with dilution and concentration evaluation. Two fluorescent dyes were successively used, Brillant Sulfaflavine and Sulforhodamine B. A total amount of 3792 collectors were analyzed individually. The data set provides a drift index for each collector expressed as the quantity of dye recovered per unit area of collector on the quantity of dye applied per unit area on the sprayed field multiplied by 100.
Arthroscopic meniscectomy and medial meniscal repair are frequent procedures, liable to be complicated by iatrogenic cartilage lesions, especially in tight knee. Medial collateral ligament ...pie-crusting was developed to counter this, but, although the technique is employed, its impact on medial laxity has not been precisely determined. We therefore conducted a prospective observational study to compare radiographic laxity preoperatively versus 6 weeks following pie-crusting.
Medial collateral ligament pie-crusting alters radiographic laxity at 6 weeks.
Between December 2015 and February 2017, 40 patients (33 male, 7 female) underwent surgery with pie-crusting for isolated medial meniscal lesion. Mean age was 39 years (range, 20–54 years). Meniscectomy was performed in 33 cases (82.5%) and repair in 7 (17.5%). Pie-crusting used an intramuscular needle under arthroscopic control, adjacent to the medial meniscus at the posterior two-thirds junction of the compartment, until opening was deemed satisfactory. Laxity was compared on preoperative versus 6 weeks stress valgus views (Telos ™), by 2 independent observers, on 2 measurements: opening angle, and medial tibiofemoral joint space height. Each measurement was taken twice at a 2-week interval by each observer.
Inter- and intra-observer concordance was excellent on both measurements: intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.73–0.89) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.86–0.94) pre- and post-operatively for opening angle, and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.79–0.92) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.82–0.92) for joint space height. Tibiofemoral joint space opening was significantly greater at 6 weeks on both measurements: 0.9±1° range, −1° to 4° (p<0.0001) and 1.1±1mm range, −0.6 to 3.2mm (p<0.0001).
Medial collateral ligament pie-crusting led to a moderate but significant increase in medial laxity at 6 weeks. A longer-term study is needed to assess progression.
IV, prospective study without control group.
To assess the effects of a sleep hygiene strategy on parameters of sleep quality and quantity in youth elite rugby union players.
Eleven male players (age: 19.0 1.4 y) undertook a sleep hygiene ...strategy composed of 2 theoretical sessions and 3 practical sessions over a 4-week period. Sleeping time, time in bed, total sleep time, sleep latency (SL), sleep efficiency (SE), wake after sleep onset, and wake bouts were recorded with an actigraphic device during the 4-week sleep hygiene strategy (baseline) and during 4 weeks after the last intervention (postintervention).
At baseline, the overall group reported poor sleep quantity (total sleep time = 6:27 0:30 min), but sleep quality was considered acceptable (SL = 0:18 0:08 min and SE = 77.8% 5.8%). Postintervention, the overall group showed a small improvement in SL (d = -0.23 -0.42 to -0.04, P = .003) and SE (d = 0.30 0.03 to 0.57, P = .0004). For individual responses, sleeping time, time in bed, and total sleep time were positively influenced in only 4, 3, and 5 players, respectively. For parameters of sleep quality, SL and SE were positively influenced in a majority of players (n = 7 and 8, respectively). The magnitude of difference between baseline and postintervention was strongly associated with baseline values in SE (r = -.86; P = .0005) and wake after sleep onset (r = -.87; P = .0007).
A sleep hygiene strategy is efficient to improve sleep quality but not sleep quantity in young rugby union players. The strategy was more efficient in players with lower initial sleep quality and should be implemented prior to a high cumulative fatigue period.
Introduction
Metal-on-metal (MoM) hip replacement bearings produce metallic ions that can cause health complications. Metallic release also occurs with other materials, but data on metallic ion ...levels after knee arthroplasty are sparse. We postulate that knee replacement generates elevating metallic ions (chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co) and titanium (Ti)) during the first year after implantation.
Patients and methods
This ongoing prospective study included all patients who underwent the same type of knee arthroplasty between May and December 2013. Cr, Co and Ti levels were measured in whole blood at pre-operation and one-year follow-up (6 and 12 months). Clinical and radiographic data (range of motion, Oxford, International Knee Society (IKS) and satisfaction scores) were recorded.
Results
In 90 patients, preoperative Cr, Co and Ti metallic ion levels were respectively 0.45 μg/l, 0.22 μg/l, 2.94 μg/l and increased to 1.27 μg/l, 1.41 μg/l, 4.08 μg/l (
p
< 0.0001) at last one-year follow-up. Mean Oxford and IKS scores rose, respectively, from 45.9 (30–58) and 24.9 (12–52) to 88.3 (0–168) and 160.8 (93–200) (
p
< 0.001).
Conclusion
After the implantation of knee arthroplasty, we found significant blood elevation of Cr, Co and Ti levels one year after implantation exceeding the normal values. This metallic ion release could lead to numerous effects: allergy, hypersensitivity, etc.
Hinged total knee arthroplasty (hTKA) is one of the treatment options available for complex fractures around an intact knee or an existing implant. The primary objective of this multicenter study was ...to evaluate the medium-term outcomes of hTKA for fractures. The secondary objective was to analyze the complications and risk factors based on fracture type, predisposition and time to surgery. We hypothesized that outcomes would be satisfactory, despite the context, and comparable to published data although impacted by significant mortality and morbidity.
Within the framework of a symposium organized by the French Society of Orthopedic and Traumatology Surgery (SOFCOT), 52 patients from 11 hospitals were included retrospectively. All had undergone hTKA following a fracture event: recent fracture, postoperative course after a complex epiphyseal fracture on an intact knee, or periprosthetic fracture. Clinical outcomes (demographics, IKS score, Parker score, Devane score, time to surgery) and radiographic outcomes, along with complications were analyzed.
Of the 52 patients included, 3 were lost to follow-up and 1 died early on. Thus, 48 patients with a mean age of 72 years (range, 31–95) were available for analysis at a mean follow-up of 59 months (range, 3–162). Forty of these patients (78%) had suffered a fracture to an intact knee and 12 (22%) had suffered a periprosthetic fracture. Of the 52 initial patients, 21 (40%) had early complications with 7 patients (19%) requiring surgical revision (5 surgical site infections, 1 extensor mechanism tear, 1 patellar dislocation). Sixteen patients (31%) developed late complications an average of 57 months after the hTKA implantation. All required surgical revision. There were 8 implant infections (15%), 3 cases of stiffness (6%), 2 extensor mechanism tears (4%) and 3 cases of loosening (6%). At a mean follow-up of 59 months, there was a 24-point improvement on the IKS pain scale (p=0.032). The postoperative activity level was unchanged in the patients who did not suffer a complication. The mortality rate was high (7/48; 15%).
Our hypothesis was confirmed since the outcomes were satisfactory, but mortality and morbidity were high. Performing hTKA remains an option in the post-fracture context, although surgeons must carefully consider the indications.
IV, retrospective study.
TPS5127 Background: Standard of care for patients with prostate cancer (PC) with pelvic lymph node metastases is radiotherapy (RT) with long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). In the STAMPEDE ...trial, James et al. assessed the role of abiraterone acetate with prednisolone (AAP) earlier in the disease for N+M0 PC patients. They showed that the addition of AAP to ADT and RT significantly improved failure-free survival (FFS) from 61% to 92.5% (ESMO 2017). Darolutamide improves survival in men with castration-refractory non-metastatic prostate cancer and in mHSPC patients with the addition of ADT plus docetaxel. We hypothesize that adding Darolutamide to ADT and RT could improve FFS for these high-risk patients. Methods: The ALADDIN study (NCT05116475) is a French, prospective, phase 3 trial that will enroll an estimated 152 patients with hormone-naive prostate cancer and pelvic lymph node metastases. Eligible patients are treatment-naive for hormonal therapy, with positive lymph node disease (upper limit defined as L4/L5 interspace) determined by conventional imaging or TEP choline or PSMA, ECOG performance status of 0 to 2, and adequate major organ function. Patients will be randomized by minimization 1:1 to receive ADT + Intensity-Modulated Image-Guided Radiation Therapy (IMRT) with darolutamide or placebo (of darolutamide). IMRT will deliver 78 Gy to the prostate, 70 Gy to the metastatic lymph nodes, and 46 Gy to the pelvic lymph node areas (2 Gy per fraction, 5 days a week) with daily CBCT imaging. ADT will be achieved with LHRH agonists or antagonists for 24 months. The darolutamide regimen will be two tablets of 300 mg orally twice daily for 24 months. The primary endpoint is failure-free survival. Secondary endpoints will be: MFS, progression-free survival, safety, overall survival, and health-related quality of life. Stratification factors are D'Amico risk group and sites. The planned sample size provides 80% power to detect a difference of 20% in FFS (60 vs 80%) at a two-sided 0.05 significance level. The study is expected to last for 7 years, of which accrual will last for 2 years. The first participant was enrolled in the study in August 2022. In total, 23 centers are participating in the ALADDIN study. The DSMB occurred on November 13 th 2023 and allowed the study to continue as planned. Clinical trial information: NCT05116475 .
ObjectiveWe aimed to study the epidemiology of the prodromal and mild stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients who are eligible for clinical trials with disease-modifying therapies.SettingsWe ...analysed two large complementary databases to study the incidence and characteristics of this population on a nationwide scope in France from 2014 to 2018. The National Alzheimer Database contains data from 357 memory centres and 90 private neurologists. Data from 2014 to 2018 have been analysed.ParticipantsPatients, 50–85 years old, diagnosed with AD who had an Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) score of ≥20 were included. We excluded patients with mixed and non-AD neurocognitive disorders.Primary outcome measureDescriptive statistics of the population of interest was the primary measure.ResultsIn the National Alzheimer Database, 550 198 patients were assessed. Among them, 72 174 (13.1%) were diagnosed with AD and had an MMSE ≥20. Using corrections for specificity of clinical diagnosis of AD, we estimated that about 50 000 (9.1%) had a prodromal or mild AD. In the combined electronic clinical records database of 11 French expert memory centres, a diagnosis of prodromal or mild AD, certified by the use of cerebrospinal fluid AD biomarkers, could be established in 195 (1.3%) out of 14 596 patients.ConclusionsAD was not frequently diagnosed at a prodromal or mild dementia stage in France in 2014 to 2018. Diagnosis rarely relied on a pathophysiological marker even in expert memory centres. National databases will be valuable to monitor early stage AD diagnosis efficacy in memory centres when a disease-modifying treatment becomes available.
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