Common mental disorder is associated with periodontitis Coelho, Julita Maria F.; Miranda, Samilly S.; Cruz, Simone S. ...
Journal of periodontal research,
April 2020, 2020-Apr, 2020-04-00, 20200401, Letnik:
55, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Objectives
This research evaluated the association between exposure to common mental disorder (CMD) and the presence of periodontitis.
Background
Common mental disorder is characterized by the ...presence of irritation, fatigue, insomnia, forgetfulness, decreased ability to concentrate, anxiety, and depression. It has been associated with several diseases; however, there are few studies that have associated it with periodontitis.
Methods
This cross‐sectional study was carried out with 621 individuals. Data collection involved the application of a general questionnaire and the self‐reporting questionnaire for diagnosis of CMD. The diagnosis of periodontitis involved a full mouth periodontal examination using: clinical attachment level, probing depth, and bleeding on probing. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals between CMD (exposure) and periodontitis (outcome) were obtained.
Results
In the final sample, 38.16% (237) of the individuals were classified with CMD. Among these, 28.27% (67) had periodontitis. Association measurements showed that the occurrence of periodontitis among those exposed to CMD is approximately 50% higher than in those without this mental condition, with statistical significance, after adjustment for age, sex, family income, current smoking habit, alcohol beverage consumption, and cardiovascular disease (PRadjusted = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.10).
Conclusions
The findings showed a positive association between exposure to CMD and periodontitis, revealing the importance of broadening public actions targeting mental health, which seems to be related to oral health, mainly due to the high frequency of the diseases in the studied sample.
Objective
This study estimated the association between stress and periodontitis.
Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 621 individuals. Information about ...individuals was obtained through a questionnaire. Stress was evaluated using the Perceived Stress Scale. The diagnosis of periodontitis was based on a complete periodontal examination including clinical attachment level, probing depth, and bleeding on probing. Prevalence ratios (PR), crude and adjusted, and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated by Poisson regression analysis.
Results
In the final sample, 48.47% (301) of the individuals were classified as having stress, of which, 23.92% (72) had the diagnosis of periodontitis. Association measurements between stress and probing depth ≥ 4 mm (PR
adjusted
= 1.28, 95%CI 1.04 to 1.58), stress and clinical attachment level ≥ 5 mm (PR
adjusted
= 1.15, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.31), and stress and periodontitis (PR
adjusted
= 1.36, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.83) showed that the frequency of these outcomes among those exposed to stress was 15–36% higher than those without the condition of stress, after adjustment for age, sex, schooling level, current smoking habit, pulmonary disease, and body mass index.
Conclusions
The findings showed positive association between exposure to stress and the presence of periodontitis, reaffirming the need to prevent and control stress.
Clinical relevance
Although there are limitations in this study, the results showed that an association exists between stress and periodontitis, signaling the necessity of a multidisciplinary attention when considering the psychological status in the management of oral and general health conditions of the individual.
Objective
To conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the recent scientific literature addressing the association between periodontitis and asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary ...disease (COPD), and pneumonia.
Materials and Methods
The search for studies was carried out using MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Lilacs, Web of Science, Scopus, and SciELO databases, including the gray literature (ProQuest). Reference lists of selected articles were also searched. Studies having varying epidemiological designs assessing the association between periodontitis and respiratory diseases in human subjects were eligible for inclusion. Three independent reviewers performed the selection of articles and data extraction. Fixed and random effects meta‐analysis were performed for the calculation of the association measurements (Odds Ratio—OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results
A total of 3,234 records were identified in the database search, with only 13 studies meeting the eligibility criteria and 10 studies contributed data for meta‐analysis. Using a random effects models periodontitis was associated with asthma: ORadjusted: 3.54 (95% CI: 2.47–5.07), I2 = 0%; with COPD: OR adjusted: 1.78 (95% CI: 1.04–3.05), I2 = 37.9%; and with pneumonia: OR adjusted: 3.21 (95% CI: 1.997–5.17), I2 = 0%.
Conclusions
The main findings of this systematic review validated an association between periodontitis and asthma, COPD and pneumonia.
Objective
This study investigated the association between periodontitis severity (exposure) and metabolic syndrome (MetS - outcome), using two criteria for diagnosis of the outcome, since this ...relationship remains unexplored.
Materials and methods
A case-control study was conducted with 870 individuals: 408 with first MetS diagnosis (cases) and 462 without MetS (controls). Participants’ general information was obtained using a questionnaire and laboratory data was collected from medical records. Periodontitis severity criteria followed the Center for Disease Control and Prevention: none, mild, moderate, and severe. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were determined by logistic regression analysis.
Results
Findings showed a positive association between moderate and severe periodontitis and MetS: OR
adjusted
= 1.64 (95% CI: 1.01 to 2.68) and OR
adjusted
= 1.94 (95% CI: 1.19 to 3.16), respectively, after adjustment for age, sex, schooling level, smoking habit, and cardiovascular disease. The adjusted measurements showed that among individuals with moderate or severe periodontitis, the probability of having MetS was around two times greater than among those without periodontitis, and that the chance was greater among participants with severe periodontitis than those with moderate periodontitis.
Conclusion
An association between the severity of periodontal status and MetS was found, suggesting a possible relationship between the two diseases.
Clinical relevance
MetS influences the etiology of cardiovascular diseases, one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The findings suggest that the greater the severity of periodontitis, the greater is the association magnitude with MetS. The health professional needs to recognize that the importance of periodontal disease may play in MetS.
Periodontitis is a factor associated with dyslipidemia Gomes‐Filho, Isaac Suzart; Oliveira, Michelle Teixeira; Cruz, Simone Seixas da ...
Oral diseases,
April 2022, 2022-Apr, 2022-04-00, 20220401, Letnik:
28, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Objective
To investigate the association between the severity of periodontitis (exposure) and dyslipidemia (outcome).
Methods
This was a cross‐sectional study of users of public health services. ...Periodontitis was defined using the Center for Disease Prevention and Control and the American Academy of Periodontology criteria. Lipid evaluation used data on systemic biomarkers. Dyslipidemia diagnosis was based on the Guidelines of total cardiovascular risk of the World Health Organization. Weight, height, waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured, and socioeconomic–demographic, lifestyle behavior factors, general and oral health conditions of the participants were collected. Hierarchical and logistic regression analyzes were used to determine the association between the exposures and the outcome. Odds Ratios, unadjusted and adjusted, and 95% confidence intervals were estimated.
Results
Of 1,011 individuals examined, 75.17% had dyslipidemia, and 84.17% had periodontitis, 0.2% with mild, 48.56% moderate, and 35.41% severe disease. The association between periodontitis and dyslipidemia was maintained through hierarchical analysis and in the multiple regression modeling, showing that the occurrences of dyslipidemia in the group with periodontitis, and its moderate and severe levels, were, respectively, 14%, 30%, and 16% higher compared with those without periodontitis.
Conclusions
The results showed a positive association between moderate and severe periodontitis and dyslipidemia.
Background: The effect of periodontal infection on systemic diseases and conditions has been the subject of numerous studies worldwide. It is considered that periodontitis may influence the ...hyperinflammatory response in patients with severe asthma as a result of immuno‐inflammatory changes. This study aims to evaluate the influence of periodontitis on severe asthma in adults.
Methods: A case‐control study was carried out, comprising 220 adult individuals: 113 diagnosed with asthma (case group) and 107 without asthma diagnosis (control group). The diagnosis of periodontitis was established after a full clinical examination using probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing. The diagnosis of severe asthma was based on the criteria recommended by the Global Initiative of Asthma (2012). Descriptive analyses of the variables were performed, followed by bivariate analyses, using the χ2 test. Association measurements (odds ratio OR), with and without adjustment for potential confounders, were obtained. A significance level of 5% was used.
Results: The ORunadjusted for the main association was 4.38 (95% confidence interval CI = 2.47 to 7.75). In the logistic regression model, after adjusting for age, education level, osteoporosis, smoking habit, and body mass index, the ORadjusted was 4.82 (95% CI = 2.66 to 8.76), which was statistically significant. Individuals with periodontal infection showed, approximately, five times more likelihood to have bronchial inflammation than those without such periodontal tissue infection.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrate the influence of periodontitis on severe asthma, given that the frequency of periodontitis is higher in individuals with severe asthma than in those without a diagnosis of bronchial inflammation.
To estimate the association between osteoporosis treatment and severe periodontitis in postmenopausal women.
This cross-sectional study comprised of 492 postmenopausal women, 113 women in ...osteoporosis treatment, and 379 not treated. Osteoporosis treatment consisted of systemic estrogen alone, or estrogen plus progestin, and calcium and vitamin D supplements, for at least 6 months. Severe periodontitis was defined as at least two interproximal tooth sites with clinical attachment loss of at least 6 mm, and at least one interproximal site with probing depth of at least 5 mm; and dental caries experience was measured using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. Analysis included descriptive statistics and Poisson multivariate analysis with robust variance.
Women receiving osteoporosis treatment had less periodontal probing depth, less clinical attachment loss, and less gingival bleeding than women not receiving treatment for osteoporosis (P ≤ 0.05). In the osteoporosis treatment group, the estimated mean DMFT index score was approximately 20, the most frequent component being the number of missing teeth, and in the nontreated group, the DMFT index was approximately 19. The prevalence of severe periodontitis was 44% lower in the osteoporosis treatment group than in the nontreatment group. The prevalence ratioadjusted was 0.56, 95% confidence interval was 0.31 to 0.99 (P = 0.05), after adjustments for smoking, age, family income, and visit to the dentist.
The results suggest that women treated with estrogen for postmenopausal osteoporosis have a lower prevalence of severe periodontitis than women not receiving treatment.
Background: Although a number of studies on the role of periodontitis in the development of nosocomial pneumonia (NP) have been published, the debate surrounding the existence and nature of this ...association continues. The present study investigates the influence of periodontitis in NP.
Methods: This case‐control study involved 315 individuals: 85 cases (with NP) and 230 controls (without NP), at a general hospital in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. Sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, and lifestyle habits were recorded. A full‐mouth periodontal examination was performed and periodontal condition assessed. The diagnosis of NP was made in accordance with established medical criteria, after physical, microbiologic, and/or radiographic examination. Logistic regression was used to calculate the strength of the association between periodontitis and NP.
Results: Individuals with periodontitis were three times as likely to present with NP (unadjusted odds ratio ORunadjusted = 3.06, 95% confidence interval 95% CI: 1.82 to 5.15) as those without periodontal disease. After adjusting for age, time between hospitalization and data collection, last visit to dentist, smoking habit, and present occupation, the association measurement had a slight decrease (ORadjusted = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.59 to 5.19), but the results continued to be statistically significant.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that periodontal infection may influence the development of NP, highlighting that periodontitis is a factor positively associated with this respiratory tract infection.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the association between periodontitis severity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) through systematic review, registered in PROSPERO: CRD42021232120. ...Selected articles were independently chosen by three reviewers from six databases, including using article reference lists, up until March 2022. Eligible studies were observational, without language limitation, and in subjects aged at least 18 years. The methodological quality of selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Random effects models calculated summary measurements (odds ratio‐OR, 95% confidence interval, 95%CI). The
I
2
test evaluated the statistical heterogeneity of the data. Sensitivity, subgroup, and meta‐regression analyses were performed. For the reliability of evidence, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations tool was used. A total of 2133 records were identified, and 14 studies were included comprising 24,567 participants. The summary odds ratio showed a positive association between individuals with moderate (OR
adjusted
= 1.26; 95%CI = 2.10–5.37;
I
2
= 45.85%), and severe periodontitis (OR
adjusted
= 1.50; 95%CI:1.28–1.71;
I
2
= 56.46%), and MetS. Subgroup and meta‐regression analyses showed that study effect size was influenced by year of publication, study design, and MetS diagnostic criteria, contributing to inter‐study variability. The findings showed that moderate and severe levels of periodontitis are associated with MetS, suggesting a possible dose–response effect.
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major factor for the occurrence of cardiovascular events. Causal factors for MetS are not well defined or yet unidentified. Preliminary investigations ...suggest that infections and inflammation may be involved in the etiology of this syndrome. This study aims to estimate the association between the severity of periodontitis (exposure) and MetS (outcome).
Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted with 419 participants recruited from the Diabetes and Hypertensive Treatment Center, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. After administration of a questionnaire, general and oral clinical examination and laboratory tests were performed. Diagnosis of periodontitis and MetS was performed according to various criteria. The analysis of the effect of periodontitis on MetS used logistic regression analysis with adjustment for confounders.
Results: The prevalence of periodontitis was found to be between 34.61% and 55.37%, depending on the classification definitions used, and the prevalence of MetS ranged from 60.86% to 67.06%. In the group with periodontitis, 14.08% had severe and 41.29% had moderate levels of periodontitis. There was an association between severe periodontitis and MetS after adjustment for sex, age, household density, alcoholic beverage consumption, smoking habit, and cardiovascular disease (odds ratio ORadjusted_6 = 2.11, 95% confidence interval = 1.01 to 4.40, P = 0.05).
Conclusions: The results suggest that periodontitis is associated with MetS, and that MetS prevalence is related to severe periodontitis.
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