•Lipase activity of rice bran could be arrested by microwaves (4W/g, 5min).•Microwave treated bran had FFA content below acceptable limit (5%) after 4 weeks.•Microwave treatment could enhance the ...protein content and oil yield rice bran.•Parboiled rice bran had higher oil yield than microwave treated raw rice bran.•Oil quality of microwave treated rice bran is better than parboiled bran.
The study was aimed to stabilize raw rice bran obtained from freshly milled paddy of PB-1121 variety and conducted in two stages; to understand the effect of microwave power (2, 4, 6W/g) and exposure time (1, 3, 5min) in controlling the lipase activity during short term storage so that an optimum treatment combination for stabilizing the rice bran for its subsequent long term storage for at least three month could be devised. Free fatty acid (FFA) content, the primary indicator of lipase activity, was significantly (p<0.05) affected by microwave treatment. Keeping in view the FFA content, oil yield, visible oil quality, moisture and protein content; treatment combination of 4W/g+5min was found to be optimum in stabilizing the treated rice bran. The bran stabilized by optimized microwave treatment and bran obtained using traditional parboiling stabilization process (Sela) was compared. Microwave treated rice bran could be stored safely for a period of three months without any loss of nutritional quality as well as with high oil quality (FFA – 3%, PV – 7.63meq/kg, TBA – 0.071mg MDA/kg). The oil yield from the parboiled rice bran is significantly higher (23%) than microwave treated rice bran (21%).
Extrusion is a versatile and state-of-art technology and provides enormous opportunity for modifying the functionality of food materials for improved digestibility and high sensory quality. With ...considerable previous research on cereal based products, the current focus has now shifted towards millets and pulses for enhancing nutritional and functional quality for high-end consumer. The present review highlights the current advances made in development of cereal, millet and pulse based extruded products. In addition, the current trends in use of extruded flours as novel green ingredients as hydrocolloids, fat replacers and for developing gluten-free, phenolic-rich, low-glycemic and functional foods has also been reviewed.
Inclusion of native millet flour in refined wheat flour negatively affects the technological, textural and sensory properties of composite breads. The present study explores the potential of extruded ...finger millet flour in improving the quality of composite bread. Composite doughs with extruded finger millet were significantly (p<0.05) less firm and more extensible than their counterparts with unextruded flour. Breads elaborated from extruded finger millet (BEF) had better technological properties (higher specific volume and loaf height), good texture (low hardness, high resilience, low chewiness) than breads elaborated from unextruded finger millet (BUF). Furthermore, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of BEF was significantly improved (p<0.05) in comparison with the BUF and control bread. Sensory panel showed high preference for brown colour of composite breads (BUF and BEF) over control bread. Sensory scores of BEF were significantly (p<0.05) higher than BUF, accounting for an overall high acceptability (8.5) of BEF20 (20g/100g substitution level) at par with control bread. Results strongly suggest that use extruded finger millet (20g/100g) is an effective way of enhancing phenolics, antioxidant activity, texture and sensory quality of composite bread.
•Compared the effects of native and extruded finger millet in composite wheat bread.•Composite breads with extruded flour showed increased loaf volume and height.•Composite breads with extruded finger millet flour had soft texture.•Composite bread with 20g/100g extruded finger millet flour was optimized.
The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of different extrusion treatments on total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity of finger millet and sorghum. The flours were ...subjected to eight different extrusion treatments at varying feed moisture, die head temperature and screw speed. Statistical analysis revealed that the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity (FRAP, DPPH, TEAC) of extruded finger millet and sorghum flours was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) over their native counterparts. However, extrusion at high feed moisture, low temp and high screw speed (HM/LT/HS) retained considerable percentage of bioactives. Maximum retention of TPC, TFC and FRAP was observed as: 54 %, 78 % and 57 % in finger millet respectively and 87%, 89% and 86% in sorghum, respectively. High retention of bioactives in extruded millet flours demonstrated their enormous potential for the development of phenolic and antioxidant rich ready-to-eat snacks.
This article addresses the environmental aspects of an unorganised textile sector with large-scale employment through a case study of the city of Solapur in the state of Maharashtra, India. Waste ...generated from the textile sector is causing serious problems such as changes to land and agricultural patterns, air quality, health and biodiversity. The methodology includes qualitative and quantitative data regarding the possible impact on climate, health, agriculture, biodiversity, water, air and soil. A detailed analysis was carried out through an extensive literature review. A possible solution in the form of a sustainable networking model for mitigating change is suggested. The sustainable model with integration of information and communication technology (ICT) will help achieve the desired development goals. The role of ICT is to channelise the supply chain, which can increase the efficiency and competitiveness of the sector.
Extrusion is a versatile and state-of-art technology and provides enormous opportunity for modifying the functionality of food materials for improved digestibility and high sensory quality. With ...considerable previous research on cereal based products, the current focus has now shifted towards millets and pulses for enhancing nutritional and functional quality for high-end consumer. The present review highlights the current advances made in development of cereal, millet and pulse based extruded products. In addition, the current trends in use of extruded flours as novel green ingredients as hydrocolloids, fat replacers and for developing gluten-free, phenolic-rich, low-glycemic and functional foods has also been reviewed.
Prek študije mesta Solapur v indijski državi Maharaštra se v članku obravnavajo okoljski vidiki neorganizirane tekstilne panoge, ki zaposluje veliko število ljudi. Odpadki, ki jih ustvarja tekstilna ...panoga, povzročajo spremembe zemljiških in kmetijskih vzorcev, kakovosti zraka in biotske raznovrstnosti ter zdravstvene težave. Uporabljena metodologija vključuje kvalitativne in kvantitativne podatke o mogočem vplivu na podnebje, zdravje, kmetijstvo, biotsko raznovrstnost, vodo, zrak in prst. V okviru raziskave je bila opravljena obsežna podrobna analiza literature in predlagana morebitna rešitev v obliki trajnostnega modela mreženja za blaženje sprememb. Trajnostni model bo z informacijsko in s komunikacijsko tehnologijo (IKT) pomagal doseči želene razvojne cilje. Vloga IKT je usmeriti oskrbovalno verigo, kar lahko poveča učinkovitost in konkurenčnost panoge.
Background & objectives: India has been reporting the cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since January 30, 2020. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) formulated and established ...laboratory surveillance for COVID-19. In this study, an analysis of the surveillance data was done to describe the testing performance and descriptive epidemiology of COVID-19 cases by time, place and person.
Methods: The data were extracted from January 22 to April 30, 2020. The frequencies of testing performance were described over time and by place. We described cases by time (epidemic curve by date of specimen collection; seven-day moving average), place (area map) and person (attack rate by age, sex and contact status), and trends were represented along with public health measures and events.
Results: Between January 22 and April 30, 2020, a total of 1,021,518 individuals were tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Testing increased from about 250 individuals per day in the beginning of March to 50,000 specimens per day by the end of April 2020. Overall, 40,184 (3.9%) tests were reported positive. The proportion of positive cases was highest among symptomatic and asymptomatic contacts, 2-3-fold higher than among those with severe acute respiratory infection, or those with an international travel history or healthcare workers. The attack rate (per million) by age was highest among those aged 50-69 yr (63.3) and was lowest among those under 10 yr (6.1). The attack rate was higher among males (41.6) than females (24.3). The secondary attack rate was 6.0 per cent. Overall, 99.0 per cent of 736 districts reported testing and 71.1 per cent reported COVID-19 cases.
Interpretation & conclusions: The coverage and frequency of ICMR's laboratory surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 improved over time. COVID-19 was reported from most parts of India, and the attack rate was more among men and the elderly and common among close contacts. Analysis of the data indicates that for further insight, additional surveillance tools and strategies at the national and sub-national levels are needed.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Pus reduction and suppression of new lesion formation were observed after 3 months of biosimilar adalimumab therapy Figure 1b. Existing lesions regressed with significant pain reduction, indicating ...an improved transition from Hurley stage III to I. The hidradenitis suppurativa clinical response of 50% (AN50) was achieved post 12 weeks of biosimilar adalimumab, and the reduction in severity and extent of hidradenitis suppurativa further significantly improved the quality of life. 6 We chose a lower than recommended dose for biosimilar adalimumab in our cases primarily due to affordability reasons, an important factor impacting treatment choices in countries like India, since cost of the therapy as per standard dosage recommendation was a big challenge. ...financial factors were unlikely to have played a role in the provision of patient care. ...both cost and urgency of therapy were demanding the use of lower dose of adalimumab.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background: Fear and pain are the factors producing stress and there is evidence that dental fear acquired in childhood may persist to influence adult behavior. Dental treatment is often considered ...as anxiety producing and stressful. Aim: To assess the levels of stress displayed by the healthy children undergoing routine dental procedures like oral examination, restoration, and extraction by analyzing salivary levels of cortisol before, during, and after the procedures. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy children aged between 4 and 8 years having their first dental visit and requiring at least one restoration and one extraction were selected. In each patient, three procedures were carried out: (i) Routine dental examination, (ii) restoration, and (iii) extraction. Unstimulated salivary samples were collected 10 min before, during the procedure, and 30 min after each procedure at three different visits for comparison of cortisol production in response to anxiety and stress over time. Total 180 samples were collected to determine salivary cortisol levels using UBI-MAGIWEL TM kit and the readings were noted. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software with paired t-test, two independent sample t-tests, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the findings. Results: A correlation between salivary cortisol and stress in dental procedure was noticed. Cavity preparation is more stressful procedure in children, so alternative methods can be used in anxious children. Stress associated with extraction persists to a postoperative period. No correlation exists in between Corah's anxiety scale and salivary cortisol.
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