Research shows that foreign-accented speech could be perceived as less truthful than native-accented speech (e.g., Lev-Ari & Keysar, 2010), also known as foreign accent bias. Previous attempts to ...explain this phenomenon have focused on social factors (Dragojevic & Giles, 2016) and processing difficulties (Lev-Ari & Keysar, 2010); however, we wondered whether perceptions of truthfulness might be better explained by accent familiarity—a factor that has relevance across both domains. To test this prediction, we presented participants with spoken statements that were ambiguous in truthfulness (e.g., “I like order.”) and asked them to rate each in terms of its truthfulness. While attempting to hold social factors constant and collecting data relevant to processing difficulty (i.e., intelligibility and comprehensibility), we manipulated accent familiarity in two ways: prior familiarity (the accent was either familiar or unfamiliar to our participants) and brief exposure (information about truthfulness was gathered either at the beginning or at the end of the experiment). Surprisingly, prior familiarity (p = .825) and brief exposure (p = .437) did not have a significant influence on ratings of truthfulness and neither did intelligibility and comprehensibility (all ps ≥ .479). These findings suggest that the familiarity someone has with an accent—regardless of whether that familiarity is established before or during an empirical study—may not play a significant role in perceptions of truthfulness. The same seems to be true of processing difficulty. Even though some literature suggests that processing difficulty is to blame for foreign accent bias (Lev-Ari & Keysar, 2010), we argue that other factors might have a greater impact on people’s truthfulness perceptions. Two factors we think will better predict truthfulness ratings are (a) characteristics of the stimuli themselves (e.g., whether the statements describe personality traits that are perceived as positive or negative) and (b) social factors other than familiarity.
Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case ...study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.
The article deals with a corpus encompassing various poetic experiments. Therefore the joint term for the entire corpus, even though secondary literature shows no consensus as regards a common name. ...Rather, it is the case of a very diversified poetic movement, sustained by a number of different authors, with a common attribute of intermediality, primarily visual-literary, but also importantly musical and performance art. The focus of attention are the works that retained their status in the field of literature or whose literary segment makes for an imporant segment, while in the analysis of works the literary component is of primary consideration. Standardized definition and typologies are difficult to come by in this analysis due to their variety and peculiar authorial markers. Nor is there a consensus about the name of this divergent corpus given that the terminology is vast, fanciful and scattered, relatively few of the concepts are recurrent. However, the common purpose of these works is a distance from the semantic value of the text and a tendency to objectify language and release its inherent qualities. Semantic structures fall apart, syntactic and cognitive rise up. Despite negating meaning in this poetry and attempting to erase it, it is precisely the devices that promote this that contain an implicit message – criticism of reality. The degree of refutation of traditional poetry varies from one poet to another, as does the choice of the intermedial model and creative devices used. Criticism of the living reality is mostly carried out in a humorous and grotesque way so that negation of the subject in poetry reciprocates the disappearance of the right to one’s self in socialist society while playing with language to the point of meaninglessness becomes a critique of limitation and crisis of language in the contemporary socio-political environment.
Croatia and Slovenia were the transit countries on the Balkan route for migrants and refugees from Middle East countries in 2015 and 2016. They had to optimize health care delivery in the special ...circumstances in refugee camps and transit centres. Little is known about health care provision in border camps where a large number of migrants stay for only couple of hours. Previous studies emphasize that language barriers and cultural differences play a central part in the relationship between health workers and migrants inside the transit zone. The aim of the study was to identify specific characteristics of health care provision experienced by primary healthcare providers in order to prepare solutions on how to organise health care in refugee settings.
Twelve thematic interviews were conducted in the middle of the most intense migration movements to the North-West Europe between November and December 2015 with health workers from Croatia and Slovenia. Interview transcripts were read, coded, reviewed, and labelled. We used qualitative content analysis.
Four themes about the health service provision for refugees at Schengen border were identified. The circumstance when mutual understanding is poor and the consultation not successful, cultural differences represent a central barrier. Participants highlighted that the importance of respecting human dignity is crucial for the provision of basic medical care for migrants in transit.
Successful overcoming language barriers, respecting cultural differences, humanity, susceptibility to social deprivation and traumatic experiences are the key factors important for organisation of health care in transit centers and camps. This article gives some useful tips for healthcare workers and policy makers who are participating in health services provision for migrants and other refugees. Health workers should be prepared to work in special working conditions with a lack of resources. Their work would require timely planning and reflection on the organization of more transit camps.
Ethical Committee of the Republic of Slovenia approved the study as a project number 112/02/16.
Abstract Aim: This study aimed to identify nurses’ views on influenza vaccination and factors that might explain why they do not receive influenza vaccinations, and to examine any ethical issues ...encountered in the vaccination process. Background: All 27 European Union member states and 2 other European countries recommended influenza vaccinations for healthcare workers in 2014–15. Data show that the influenza vaccination rate among nurses in Slovenia is even lower than in other European countries. Slovenian study showed that 41.7% of the respondents had received both the pandemic and the seasonal vaccine. Doctors had the highest level of vaccine coverage, with 44.1%, followed by registered nurses at 23.4%, whereas the lowest level was found among nursing assistants and nursing technicians (17%) at a Ljubljana health clinic. Methods: A qualitative study was carried out. Nineteen nurses who did not receive influenza vaccination took part in the study. Thematic interviews were conducted in December 2018. Interview transcripts were read, coded, reviewed and labelled by three independent researchers. The collected material was processed using qualitative content analysis. Findings: Thirteen categories and four themes were identified and coded, which enabled an understanding of the nurses’ views regarding influenza vaccination. Most of their experiences were positive in one way: they recognised the importance of vaccination and people’s awareness of it. However, they did not obtain the influenza vaccine themselves. The main barriers to vaccination were doubt regarding the vaccine’s effectiveness, the potential for side effects, the belief that young healthcare professionals are well protected and not at high risk, an overrated trust in their own immune systems, and the belief that pharmaceutical industry marketing was targeting them. The nurses suggested several ways that vaccination could be promoted and improved vaccination coverage achieved. These findings call attention to the importance of recognising both the need for targeted information for the nurses and the need for different approaches to healthcare provision.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Family medicine in Europe started to develop in the 1960s with the introduction of obligatory specialist training. Slovenia is a country with a long tradition of family medicine specialist training, ...but up until 2002 this was neither elaborated on nor conducted by peers in general practice/family medicine. When the country's socialist system started to transform due to political reforms, Slovenia began to modify its system in order to meet the criteria of the European Union. One of the changes was the introduction of a new healthcare system with an influential Medical Chamber responsible for postgraduate training in all specialities. A new model for vocational training in family medicine was established in 2002, following the recommendations of the European Union of General Practitioners (UEMO). According to the new programme, which lasts 4 years, trainees spend half of their training in a hospital setting and half in general practice, where they are supervised by a trainer in practice. This article describes the legal process of introducing new forms of specialist training in Slovenia, and its content.
Conclusion: A comparison with UEMO countries shows that the new model is comparable to other countries.
Slovenia has implemented a new final summative assessment for vocational training in family medicine. As all family medicine trainees work independently in practice, the assessment is focused on ...actual performance. The preparation included a literature search, consultation with foreign experts, consultation with tutors and trainees in general practice and testing the assessment with experienced practitioners. The assessment includes three elements: (1) a trainee's report with data on population served, audit of practice and family profiles; (2) a visit to the trainee's practice which includes sitting in with the trainee, and assessment of patients' records, equipment and premises; (3) the final assessment, which includes an MCQ written test, OSCE stations, and an oral exam with discussion about the candidate's report, presentation of five cases from his her practice and one question by each examiner to assess problem-solving skills. Initial experience h as been favourable but further work is needed for evaluation of the assessment.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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