Semiconductor CdS nanotube arrays were synthesized within the pores of the PAO membranes by using molecular anchor templating synthesis method. The CdS nanotube arrays obtained were characterized ...using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractomemter (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analyzer (EDS), respectively. The formation mechanism of CdS nanotube was also discussed. This is the first report on the highly ordered CdS nanotube arrays with 60 μm in length and 100 nm in outer diameter. The present method shows the advantages of simplicity, high efficiency and low cost.
Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic compounds, diverse in chemical structure and characteristics, found ubiquitously in plants. Until now, more than 9000 different flavonoid compounds were ...described in plants, where they play important biological roles by affecting several developmental processes. There has been increasing interest in the research of flavonoids from dietary sources, due to growing evidence of the versatile health benefits of flavonoids including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and anticancer activity, freeradical scavenging capacity, antihypertensive effects, coronary heart disease prevention and anti-human immunodeficiency virus functions. This paper reviews the current advances in flavonoids in food with emphasis on mechanism aspects on the basis of the published literature, which may provide some guidance for researchers in further investigations and for industries in developing practical health agents.
In this paper, an algebraic decoding algorithm is proposed to correct all patterns of four or fewer errors in the binary (41, 21, 9) Quadratic Residue (QR) code. The technique needed here to decode ...the (41, 21, 9) QR code is different from the algorithms developed in I.S. Reed, T.K. Truong, X. Chen, X. Yin, The algebraic decoding of the (41, 21, 9) Quadratic Residue code, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 38 (1992 ) 974–986. This proposed algorithm does not require to solve certain quadratic, cubic, and quartic equations and does not need to use any memory to store the five large tables of the fundamental parameters in
GF(2
20) to decode this QR code. By the modification of the technique developed in R. He, I.S. Reed, T.K. Truong, X. Chen, Decoding the (47, 24, 11) Quadratic Residue code, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 47 (2001) 1181–1186, one can express the unknown syndromes as functions of the known syndromes. With the appearance of known syndromes, one can solve Newton’s identities to obtain the coefficients of the error-locator polynomials. Besides, the conditions for different number of errors of the received words will be derived. Computer simulations show that the proposed decoding algorithm requires about 22% less execution time than the syndrome decoding algorithm. Therefore, this proposed decoding scheme developed here is more efficient to implement and can shorten the decoding time.
Multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMNs) are rare malignant neoplasms that simultaneously or successively occur in the same patient as 2 or more primary malignancies. Currently, an increasing ...number of cases are being reported. In general, MPMNs more commonly occur as 2 solid tumors or 2 hematological malignancies. Cases of MPMN that involve a solid tumor and a hematological malignancy are rare. Here, we report a case of synchronous colorectal cancer (CRC) and multiple myeloma (MM) with chest wall involvement. After reviewing the literature, we believe that there may be a distinct syndrome involving CRC and MM. The patient in our case study suffered refractory anemia following surgery and 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Initially, the anemia was considered to be a common manifestation of CRC in this patient. Interestingly, although he received a blood transfusion, his hemoglobin levels remained low. He later developed hematuria, proteinuria, multiple osteoporosis in the costal bones, and thrombocytopenia. These new symptoms drew our attention, and we considered a diagnosis of synchronous primary CRC and MM, with the anemia as a symptom of MM. Based on the results of a bone marrow aspirate, MM was confirmed. Therefore, when CRC is associated with refractory anemia, we should not only assume that anemia is a classical symptom of CRC, a result of chronic blood loss, nutritional deficiencies, or myelosuppression due to chemotherapy, but we should also consider that it may reflect the possibility of a coexisting hematologic malignancy. As the treatment of these 2 malignancies is different, early diagnosis and treatment based on definitive diagnosis as early as possible will be beneficial to overall prognosis.
OBJECTIVES.Neonatal enterovirus infections have diverse manifestations, from asymptomatic to fatal. An understanding of the risk factors associated with severe cases might help to reduce ...enterovirus-related morbidity and mortality.
METHODS.From July 1989 through June 1998, neonates with virus culture-confirmed nonpolio enterovirus infection at Chang Gung Children’s Hospital were enrolled in the study and divided into three groupsnonspecific febrile illness; aseptic meningitis; and hepatic necrosis with coagulopathy (HNC). Demographic factors, clinical manifestations, laboratory data and outcome were analyzed to reveal factors associated with clinical severity and fatality.
RESULTS.There were 146 cases including 43 neonates with nonspecific febrile illness, 61 with aseptic meningitis and 42 with HNC. By multiple logistic regression analysis, the most significant factors associated with HNC were prematurity, maternal history of illness, earlier age of onset (≤7 days), higher white blood cell count (WBC ≥15 000/mm) and lower hemoglobin (≤10.7 g/dl). In 10 (24%) of 42 cases, HNC was fatal. In comparison with nonfatal cases of HNC, fatal cases had higher WBC, lower hemoglobin, higher bilirubin and higher incidence of concurrent myocarditis. Multivariate analysis showed the most significant factors associated with fatality from HNC to be total bilirubin >14.3 mg/dl (adjusted odds ratio, 29.1; 95% confidence interval, 2.5 to 355.5; P = 0.007) and concurrent myocarditis (adjusted odds ratio, 13.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 177.2; P = 0.04). Intravenous immunoglobulin did not correlate with clinical outcomes in cases with HNC.
CONCLUSIONS.Prematurity, maternal history of illness, earlier age of onset, higher WBC and lower hemoglobin are significant factors associated with HNC; higher total bilirubin and concurrent myocarditis were most significantly associated with fatality from HNC.
Activation of T lymphocytes requires the recognition of peptide–major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) and costimulatory signals provided by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). It has been shown that ...T-cell activation without costimulation can lead to anergy. In this study, we developed a novel strategy to inhibit expression of B7 molecules (CD80/86) by transfecting APCs with a gene construct encoding a modified cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) molecule (CTLA4-KDEL) that is targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). APCs expressing this construct failed to express CD80/86 on their surface, were unable to stimulate allogeneic and peptide-specific T-cell responses, and induced antigen-specific anergy of the responding T cells. Cells expressing CTLA4-KDEL do not up-regulate the indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase enzyme, unlike cells treated with soluble CTLA4-immunoglobin (Ig). This gene-based strategy to knock out surface receptors is an attractive alternative to using immature dendritic cells for preventing transplant rejection and treating of autoimmune diseases.
Speciation of arsenic (As) in well water and contaminated soil in the blackfoot disease endemic area has been studied by extended X‐ray absorption fine structural (EXAFS) spectroscopy in the present ...work. Experimentally, we found that arsenic in the well water possessed an As‐O bond distance of 1.72 Å with a coordination number (CN) of 4.3. In the blackfoot disease area, arsenic with a high oxidation state (As(V)) was also observed in the contaminated soil. In the early stage (after 90 minutes) of the electrokinetic remediation (EKR) of the contaminated soil, the in‐situ EXAFS data indicated that the CN of As‐O (1st shell) decreased slightly, that may be due to the perturbation of the incompact As atoms in the outer shells by EKR.
Culture Clash? Apologies East and West Gries, Peter Hays; Peng, Kaiping
The Journal of contemporary China,
02/2002, Letnik:
11, Številka:
30
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Following the 1 April 2001 plane collision over the South China Seas, China and the United States engaged in two weeks of intensive 'apology diplomacy'. What role did culture play in these events? ...Drawing on experimental findings in social and cross-cultural psychology, we argue against the pundits that essentialized cultural difference--and against those who denied that culture matters. Instead, we maintain that both cultural differences and cultural commonalties played a significant role in Sino-American apology diplomacy.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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