Rolling bearings are widely used in many industries and their online diagnosis is very important. However, there is still no effective way to detect small faults online. In this article, a fiber ...Bragg grating (FBG) acoustic emission (AE) sensing method is proposed and tested inside an accelerated bearing life tester (ABLT). The FBGAE sensors are small, resistant to electromagnetic interference, intrinsically explosion-proof, and are thus fit for the inner environment of an ABLT, which is small, has high electromagnetic interference, and is full of lubrication oil. Therefore, we could install the FBG AE sensors inside an ABLT. The experimental system based on the principle of tunable narrowband laser demodulation is built up to collect the AE signals of faulty rolling bearings with different fault types. Then, with the envelope demodulation algorithm, we obtained the fault characteristic frequencies of the bearings that were consistent with the theoretical fault frequencies. The results show that the FBG AE sensors are sensitive to the small faults of rolling bearings and can be used inside an ABLT.
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are now standard-of-care treatment for patients with metastatic gastric cancer (GC). To guide patient selection for ICI therapy, programmed death ...ligand-1 (PD-L1) biomarker expression is routinely assessed via immunohistochemistry (IHC). However, with an increasing number of approved ICIs, each paired with a different PD-L1 antibody IHC assay used in their respective landmark trials, there is an unmet clinical and logistical need for harmonization. We investigated the interchangeability between the Dako 22C3, Dako 28–8 and Ventana SP-142 assays in GC PD-L1 IHC.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we scored 362 GC samples for PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS), tumor proportion score (TPS) and immune cells (IC) using a multiplex immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence technique. Samples were obtained via biopsy or resection of gastric cancer.
Results
The percentage of PD-L1-positive samples at clinically relevant CPS ≥ 1, ≥ 5 and ≥ 10 cut-offs for the 28–8 assay were approximately two-fold higher than that of the 22C3 (CPS ≥ 1: 70.3 vs 49.4%,
p
< 0.001; CPS ≥ 5: 29.1 vs 13.4%,
p
< 0.001; CPS ≥ 10: 13.7 vs 7.0%,
p
= 0.004). The mean CPS score on 28–8 assay was nearly double that of the 22C3 (6.39 ± 14.5 vs 3.46 ± 8.98,
p
< 0.001). At the clinically important CPS ≥ 5 cut-off, there was only moderate concordance between the 22C3 and 28–8 assays.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that scoring PD-L1 CPS with the 28–8 assay may result in higher PD-L1 scores and higher proportion of PD-L1 positivity compared to 22C3 and other assays. Until stronger evidence of inter-assay concordance is found, we urge caution in treating the assays as equivalent.
Wireless sensor networks have gained considerable attention in the past few years. They have found application domains in battlefield communication, homeland security, pollution sensing, and traffic ...monitoring. As such, there has been an increasing need to define and develop simulation frameworks for carrying out high-fidelity WSN simulation. In this article we present a modeling, simulation, and emulation framework for WSNs in J-Sim - an open source, component-based compositional network simulation environment developed entirely in Java. This framework is built on the autonomous component architecture and extensible internetworking framework of J-Sim, and provides an object-oriented definition of target, sensor, and sink nodes, sensor and wireless communication channels, and physical media such as seismic channels, mobility models, and power models (both energy-producing and energy-consuming components). Application-specific models can be defined by subclassing classes in the simulation framework and customizing their behaviors. We also include in J-Sim a set of classes and mechanisms to realize network emulation. We demonstrate the use of the proposed WSN simulation framework by implementing several well-known localization, geographic routing, and directed diffusion protocols, and perform performance comparisons (in terms of the execution time incurred and memory used) in simulating WSN scenarios in J-Sim and ns-2. The simulation study indicates the WSN framework in J-Sim is much more scalable than ns-2 (especially in memory usage). We also demonstrate the use of the WSN framework in carrying out real-life full-fledged Future Combat System (FCS) simulation and emulation
Sanwei-Tanxiang powder (SWTX), a traditional Mongolian and Tibetan medicine containing a cocktail of active molecules, relieves angina pectoris and improves recovery in patients with coronary heart ...disease (CHD). The pharmacological effect of SWTX on CHD was analyzed at a systemic point of view in our previous studies. The bioinformatics prediction showed that the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a pathway was one of important pathways of SWTX on treatment of coronary heart disease. Based on it, the aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of SWTX in acute myocardial ischemic-reperfused (MIR) rat in vivo and H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells under oxidative stress induced by H
O
in vitro, and further investigate the involvement of PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a pathway in these processes. Ex vivo, under physiological conditions, SWTX did not show any modification in the heart rate and contraction amplitude. However, against a MIR injury, SWTX pretreatment provided significant protection, including reduced ST-segment elevation, pathological changes and myocardial infarct size in vivo, meanwhile, some monomers of SWTX showed antioxidant capacity and inhibited cardiomyocytic apoptosis in vitro. The effect was correlated with the activation of the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a signaling pathway downstream and the regulation of downstream pro-apoptotic Bim of FoxO3a experimental verified by qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescent assay. In vitro, blocking Akt and p-FoxO3a activation with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 effectively suppressed the protective effects of several active monomers (including quercetin, macelignan,methyleugenol and Santol) of SWTX against H
O
-induced injury. Collectively, these results suggest that SWTX decreases I/R injury, and the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a pathway takes part in protection during this process, gallogen (G3) and quercetin (G8) of GZ, methyleugenol (R2) and macelignan (R7) of RDK, santol (T1) of TX are responsible at least in part for SWTX's cardioprotection effect.
Estimation of ore grade is very important for the value evaluation of ore deposits, and it directly affects the development of mineral resources. To improve the accuracy of the inverse distance ...weighting (IDW) method in ore grade estimation and reduce the smoothing effect of the IDW method in grade estimation, the weight calculation method involved in the IDW method was improved. The length parameter of the ore sample was used to calculate the weight of the IDW method. The length of the ore samples was used as a new factor of the weighting calculation. A new method of IDW integrated with sample length weighting (IDWW) was proposed. The grade estimation of Li, Al, and Fe in porcelain clay ore was used as a case study. A comparative protocol for grade estimation via the IDWW method was designed and implemented. The number of samples involved in the estimation, sample combination, sample grade distribution, and other factors affecting the grade estimation were considered in the experimental scheme. The grade estimation results of the IDWW and the IDW methods were used for comparative analysis of grades of the original and combined samples. The estimated results of the IDWW method were also compared with those of the IDW method. The deviation analysis of the estimated grade mainly included the minimum, maximum, mean, and coefficient of variation of the ore grade. The estimation effect of IDWW method was verified. The minimum deviations of the estimated grade of Li, Al, and Fe were between 9.129% and 59.554%. The maximum deviations were between 4.210 and 22.375%. The mean deviations were between - 1.068 and 7.187%. The deviations in the coefficient of variation were between 3.076 and 36.186%. The deviations in the maximum, minimum, mean, and coefficients of variation of the IDWW were consistent with those of the IDW, demonstrating the accuracy and stability of the IDWW method. The more the samples involved in the estimation, the greater the estimation deviations of IDW and IDWW methods. The estimated deviations of Li, Al, and Fe were affected by the shape of the grade distribution, when the same estimation parameters were used. The grade distribution pattern of the samples significantly influenced the grade estimation results. The IDWW method offers significant theoretical advantages and addresses the adverse effects of uneven sample lengths on the estimates. The IDWW method can effectively reduce the smoothing effect and improves the utilization efficiency of the original samples.
Aiming at the realistic problems on accurate calculation of time-varying meshing stiffness in the research of multi-stage helical gear dynamics， as well as its quantitative analysis of fluctuation ...value， a two-stage helical gear reducer used in an electric vehicle is taken as the object. Firstly， time-varying meshing stiffness of each gear pair are calculated based on potential energy method under different helix angles β， and the parameter τ which is determined by gear parameters such as the helix angle are also calculated. Quantitative analysis shows that the smaller the value τ， the smaller the stiffness fluctuation ΔK. Secondly， a dynamics model on a two-stage helical gear system with 12 freedom degrees is established to study the dynamic characteristics of the system under different helix angles. The results show that the dynamic performance of the system is good when the β is 15°， simultaneously， τ and ΔK of gear pairs at all levels are small. It verified the feasibility and accuracy of the prediction w
The health co-benefits of CO
mitigation can provide a strong incentive for climate policy through reductions in air pollutant emissions that occur when targeting shared sources. However, reducing air ...pollutant emissions may also have an important co-harm, as the aerosols they form produce net cooling overall. Nevertheless, aerosol impacts have not been fully incorporated into cost-benefit modeling that estimates how much the world should optimally mitigate. Here we find that when both co-benefits and co-harms are taken fully into account, optimal climate policy results in immediate net benefits globally, overturning previous findings from cost-benefit models that omit these effects. The global health benefits from climate policy could reach trillions of dollars annually, but will importantly depend on the air quality policies that nations adopt independently of climate change. Depending on how society values better health, economically optimal levels of mitigation may be consistent with a target of 2 °C or lower.
In this Letter, a recorded single channel of 6.915-Gbit/s white-light visible light communication (VLC) system is reported and experimentally demonstrated. By optimising the bit-loading algorithm ...onto the direct-current optical OFDM signal and without using an optical blue filter, the high data rate can be achieved. After a free-space propagation distance of 1.5 m, the white-light beam diameter of 14 cm and illuminance of 795 lux are measured. The proposed white-light VLC system can provide both lighting and communication simultaneously with functional propagation distance.
In this paper we demonstrate high-baud generation and transmission of PDM-64QAM signals. The 64QAM signal is generated using one single in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) modulator driven with eight-level ...signals synthesized by all binary electrical inputs. With hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC), we first demonstrate 11.2-GBd and 22.4-GBd PDM-64QAM transmissions over 320-km standard single mode fiber (SSMF). Then we specifically introduce a long memory filter (LMF) and prove its effectiveness in reflection compensation both theoretically and experimentally. With the aid of soft-decision FEC (SD-FEC), optical pre-shaping, and LMF, we transmit a 41.4-GBd PDM-64QAM signal over 1200-km SSMF. Finally, using per-channel 41.6-GBd PDM-64QAM with SD-FEC, we successfully demonstrate 50-GHz-spaced, 8 × 499-Gb/s transmission over 720-km SSMF. This is the first demonstration of 400-Gb/s/ch WDM transmission on the 50-GHz ITU grid that uses a per-channel single-carrier scheme.
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal cancers in women because it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. The molecular markers investigated thus far have been unsatisfactory.
We performed ...whole-exome sequencing on the human ovarian cancer cell lines 3AO and ES2 and the normal ovarian epithelial cell line IOSE-80. Molecular markers of ovarian cancer were screened from shared mutation genes and copy number variation genes in the 6q21-qter region.
We found that missense mutations were the most common mutations in the gene (93%). The MUC12, FLG and MUC16 genes were highly mutated in 3AO and ES2 cells. Copy number amplification occurred mainly in 4p16.1 and 11q14.3, and copy number deletions occurred in 4q34.3 and 18p11.21. A total of 23 hub genes were screened, of which 16 were closely related to the survival of ovarian cancer patients. The three genes CCDC170, THBS2 and COL14A1 are most significantly correlated with the survival and prognosis of ovarian cancer. In particular, the overall survival of ovarian cancer patients with high CCDC170 gene expression was significantly prolonged (P < 0.001). The expression of CCDC170 in normal tissues was significantly higher than that in ovarian cancer tissues (P < 0.05), and its expression was significantly decreased in advanced ovarian cancer. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays also showed that the expression of CCDC170 in ovarian cancer cells was significantly lower than that in normal cells (P < 0.001, P < 0.01).
CCDC170 is expected to become a new diagnostic molecular target and prognostic indicator for ovarian cancer patients, which can provide new ideas for the design of antitumor drugs.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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