Inclusive approaches for cumulative effects assessments Adams, Megan S.; Tulloch, Vivitskaia J. D.; Hemphill, Jessie ...
People and nature (Hoboken, N.J.),
April 2023, 2023-04-00, 20230401, 2023-04-01, Letnik:
5, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The cumulative impacts of human activities and natural disturbance are leading to loss and extinction of species, ecological communities and biocultural connections people have to those ecosystems. ...Exclusive and extractive western science methodologies often hinder the inclusion of Indigenous knowledge holders in cumulative effects assessments (CEAs), which can lead to regional conflict and ineffective assessment and management of cumulative effects.
We offer our reflections on the development of a collaborative CEA process with the Kitasoo Xai'xais, Nuxalk and Wuikinuxv First Nations in what is now known as the Central Coast of British Columbia. We designed our CEA around the guiding principles of respecting Indigenous sovereignty and regional autonomy, designing for trauma‐informed approaches, and prioritizing inclusivity and reciprocity. We focused our efforts on identifying current and future pressures on species of the Nations' choice.
We relied on expert elicitation and data‐driven approaches to identify and map current and future cumulative impacts to predict their consequences for species' health. We used combinations of visualizations, numerical, oral and written materials to convey, elicit and share complex information with experts.
We found a diversity of elicitation processes fostered the involvement of a variety of experts (e.g. Indigenous knowledge holders and Nation staff, regional biologists, Crown managers, tenure holders). We mapped over 90+ impacts to species in the region and after conversation and facilitated elicitation processes with over 50 knowledge holders, emerged with predictions for the consequences of seven plausible scenarios of future cumulative impacts for eight species as well as broad themes for the management of cumulative impacts to the lands and waters of the Nations with whom we collaborated. Our shared lessons can support researchers, planners, proponents, and Indigenous and colonial government agencies to conduct inclusive, collaborative and accessible CEAs that inform regional land and marine use planning.
Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
To achieve better biodiversity outcomes and match local governance capacity, cumulative effects assessment frameworks that combine Indigenous and western knowledge to predict future development ...impacts on biodiversity are needed.
We developed a spatial future‐focused model informed by inclusive elicitation and strategic foresight to assess the regional cumulative effects of development on ecosystem health across the land and sea. We collaborated with three First Nations on the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada, enabling Indigenous priorities, knowledge and values to drive the process, from the choice of priority ecosystem components (including salmon, herring, seabirds and bears), to identifying future development scenarios (based on forestry, energy/mining, tourism and salmon aquaculture sectors). Bayesian networks were populated with empirical data and expert judgement elicited from knowledge holders to predict the cumulative effects of current and future pressures on species and ecosystems.
Under current conditions, the lowest probability of persistence was predicted for Pacific salmon (37%), followed by Pacific herring (43%). Under future conditions, the greatest declines in species health were associated with the intense development of mining, tourism and forestry, with up to a 54% decline from the current baseline health estimates predicted for Marbled Murrelets and old‐growth forest.
Future outcomes for overall ecosystem health were predicted to be worst in scenarios with high future forestry activities (>60% decline in some areas). The continuation or development of all four industries resulted in an 8% decline overall in ecosystem health across the Central Coast. In contrast, predicted ecosystem health in the tourism economy scenario increased up to 15% in some marine areas, primarily driven by the removal of salmon aquaculture and forestry activities.
Synthesis and applications. Our study demonstrates an inclusive, regional approach to assessing the cumulative effects of future development on coastal species. The novel participatory tools and predictive framework draw upon and interweave multiple forms of knowledge, enabling Indigenous values to drive the process, and appropriately integrate Indigenous knowledge into regional cumulative effects assessment. Our interactive web application provides First Nations partners access to all outputs, supporting Indigenous‐led governance and in situ ecosystem‐based management of their lands and water.
Our study demonstrates an inclusive, regional approach to assessing the cumulative effects of future development on coastal species. The novel participatory tools and predictive framework draw upon and interweave multiple forms of knowledge, enabling Indigenous values to drive the process, and appropriately integrate Indigenous knowledge into regional cumulative effects assessment. Our interactive web application provides First Nations partners access to all outputs, supporting Indigenous‐led governance and in situ ecosystem‐based management of their lands and water.
The combination of a gutted B.C. Forest Service, vast areas of not sufficiently restocked forest lands, a quirky loophole in the Kyoto Protocol and a provincial government ideologically driven to ...sell off public assets has created the perfect opportunity to burn down B.C.'s forests in a biofuel boondoggle and the last barriers to privatization of B.C.'s Crown forests. Interviews conducted with over a dozen ex-government foresters, industry representatives, contract foresters, silviculturalists, forest-sector round-table participants and political representatives point to this new direction that government is taking Crown forests-with no public consultation and media, like the government, that are failing to serve public interests. The voices of the whistle blowers point to a colossal failure of imagination by government that has implications to forest health, climate change mitigation and adaptation, other public interests in Crown lands from public access to biodiversity and water quality, First Nation interests, and international credibility on carbon accounting and standards and on certification. The lecture will explore the dystopic picture of what is planned and an alternative vision for Crown forests that has been put forward by the critics as a world leader in ecosystem services and valuation. The lecture notes were taken from an original longer article entitled The Big Burn, first published by Focus Magazine in August of 2010. 2 ,.
Guerrilla geography Penn, Briony
University engagement and environmental sustainability,
05/2016
Book Chapter
In 1969, the bicentenary of the geographer and naturalist Alexander von Humboldt slipped by largely unnoticed in North America. Given his contributions to the study of the earth, it was a surprising ...descent into relative obscurity. A medical researcher writing in to theJournal of the American Medical Associationhad expressed his dismay that Humboldt was ‘no longer accorded the recognition he enjoyed during his lifetime’ (Frankel, 1964). Frankel was remembering Humboldt’s style of collaborative enquiry during famous expeditions to the crater of Vesuvius in the autumn of 1805 accompanied by his friends and colleagues, the chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac,
Four principles of ecology that Penn had believed since becoming a naturalist stumbled and fell to their knees when a butterfly called the island marble flew back into existence on a West Coast ...island. As butterflies go extinct species by species in the Georgia Basin, the story of the island marble gives some hope.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
I read about the island marble in an article by lepidopterist Crispin Guppy that described the decline of ten butterfly species from habitat destruction in these places of camas. The mysterious ...marble was the first species documented to have gone extinct in this ecosystem. It became the poster child of local conservation campaigns that coined the name "Garry oak meadow" to describe one of the most endangered ecosystems in Canada.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
9.
Launching a Movement Penn, Briony
Alternatives Journal,
03/2005, Letnik:
31, Številka:
2
Book Review, Journal Article
Recenzirano
They were a dirty dozen and they failed to make it to Amchitka at the time of the blast: winter storms, inexperience, squabbling and Jim Bohlen's better judgment made the final foray an ...impossibility. But the voyage was far from a failure, since it caught the imagination of the world's press and led to the formation of the international organization, Greenpeace.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
10.
Planet U M'Gonigle, Michael; Starke, Justine
2009, 2006, 2009-03-01
eBook
The book that launches a global movement for "sustainable universities".
PDF
