The integration of the ALICE trigger system with sub-detectors Krivda, M.; Barnby, L.; Bombara, M. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2010, Letnik:
617, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The ALICE Trigger electronics (TRG) has been installed in the experimental cavern and tested with each of the detectors, both individually (‘standalone’ mode) and in ‘global’ runs, i.e. those ...involving other detectors. Global runs were performed with cosmic ray triggers, and also during the LHC startup period in September 2008. In this paper the status of the trigger system will be reviewed, in particular describing recent extensions to the system.
The ALICE trigger system installed in the experimental cavern processes information from triggering detectors at 3 hardware levels, and is used in p-p and Pb-Pb collisions. Many automatic functions ...have been developed to facilitate work in the control room. The hardware is permanently monitored, and around 1200 counters, with considerable built-in redundancy, are read at regular intervals (at least once per minute). This provides relevant physics information and also verifies the consistency of the hardware operation. In order to compensate for seasonal drift, the CORDE module has been installed, which allows the LHC clock to be delayed in steps of 10 ps. This paper describes the current status of the ALICE trigger system after experience with p-p and Pb-Pb runs, the new firmware developments and the appropriate software for this electronics.
Electron–ion relaxation lasts few tens of picoseconds in a submicrometer surface layer of metal after irradiation by femtosecond laser pulse of moderate intensity. During this stage, the electron ...temperature is many times higher than ion (lattice) temperature. The rate of this relaxation is slower for noble metals due to their small electron–ion coupling. Thus, effects caused by high electron temperature reveal more obviously for those metals. To study electron transport in noble metal nanofilms, we combine the first-principle calculations and our analytical models. The newly calculated electron–phonon coupling and heat conductivity are used in two-temperature hydrodynamics modeling. Results of such modeling are in good agreement with the experimental data and molecular dynamics simulation.
Recent transcriptomic-based analysis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has highlighted the clinical relevance of LN fibroblast and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) signatures within the ...tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the immunomodulatory role of fibroblasts in lymphoma remains unclear. Here, by studying human and mouse DLBCL-LNs, we identified the presence of an aberrantly remodeled fibroblastic reticular cell (FRC) network expressing elevated fibroblast-activated protein (FAP). RNA-Seq analyses revealed that exposure to DLBCL reprogrammed key immunoregulatory pathways in FRCs, including a switch from homeostatic to inflammatory chemokine expression and elevated antigen-presentation molecules. Functional assays showed that DLBCL-activated FRCs (DLBCL-FRCs) hindered optimal TIL and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell migration. Moreover, DLBCL-FRCs inhibited CD8+ TIL cytotoxicity in an antigen-specific manner. Notably, the interrogation of patient LNs with imaging mass cytometry identified distinct environments differing in their CD8+ TIL-FRC composition and spatial organization that associated with survival outcomes. We further demonstrated the potential to target inhibitory FRCs to rejuvenate interacting TILs. Cotreating organotypic cultures with FAP-targeted immunostimulatory drugs and a bispecific antibody (glofitamab) augmented antilymphoma TIL cytotoxicity. Our study reveals an immunosuppressive role of FRCs in DLBCL, with implications for immune evasion, disease pathogenesis, and optimizing immunotherapy for patients.
The catocala moth, Catocala lesbia lesbia Christoph, 1887, caught in the Ordubad district of the Nakhchivan AR is recorded for the first time for Azerbaijan fauna. A single specimen was collected ...using UV light trap in 2018. Geographical distribution of the species is briefly discussed.
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