Among many acidic catalysts, amorphous carbon-supported sulfonic acid (AC-SO
3
H) has been evaluated as a new-generation solid catalyst with outstanding activity. Because of the -SO
3
H groups, the ...surface properties of the amorphous carbon catalyst were improved, which made the catalytic activity of the amorphous carbon-supported sulfonic acid many times greater than that of sulfuric acid. The amorphous carbon-supported sulfonic acid exhibited several advantages such as low cost, non-toxicity, porosity, stability, and easily adjustable chemical surface. In this paper, we introduce a new pathway for the synthesis of pyrazolo3,4-
b
pyridine-5-carboxylate scaffolds from 1,4-dihydropyrano2,3-
c
pyrazole-5-carbonitriles and aniline at room temperature under ethanol in the presence of AC-SO
3
H as the catalyst. This method provided the desired products with moderate to good yields. The gram-scale synthesis of the major product was carried out with good yields (up to 80%). This strategy involves a sequential opening/closing cascade reaction. This approach presents several advantages, including room temperature conditions, short reaction time, and operational simplicity.
A new pathway for the synthesis of pyrazolo3,4-
b
pyridine-5-carboxylate scaffolds from 1,4-dihydropyrano2,3-
c
pyrazole-5-carbonitriles and aniline has been developed using sulfonated amorphous carbon at room temperature.
Objective: To investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Solanum procumbens on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis rat models. Methods: We isolated and identified five ...compounds in the ethanol-soluble Solanum procumbens extract (SP) with anti-inflammatory effects, including ursolic acid, β-sitosterol, hexadecanoic acid, cis-vaccenic acid, and vanillic acid. Additionally, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of SP on rheumatoid arthritis symptoms, including paw volumes, local temperatures, withdrawal latency, and mechanical withdrawal threshold at the hind paw and white blood cell (WBC) number from complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis rat models. Results: We have successfully established a complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model at a low dose (1 mg/mL). SP extract significantly reduced paw volumes (P<0.05), prolonged withdrawal latencies (P<0.05), decreased local temperature, and increased the mechanical withdrawal threshold (P<0.05), but only SP extract at the dose of 300 mg/kg significantly decreased WBC numbers. Conclusions: SP extract could be a potential medication candidate with anti-inflammatory effects for arthritis, but it requires further investigation into the mechanism of the SP and its effectiveness on other models as well as clinical trials.
Abstract
Background
Using the World Health Organization Classification 5th edition (beta version online; WHO-HAEM5bv) in emerging economies is key to global healthcare equity. Although there may be ...ongoing updates, hesitancy in accepting and reporting these diagnoses in publication conflicts with the WHO’s commitment to global accessibility. Aggressive NK cell leukemia (ANKL) and systemic EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma of childhood (SEBVTCL) with CD4-positive immunophenotype are both rare entities, are most described in Asians and East Asians, are associated with prior systemic chronic active EBV disease (CAEBV), and presentation with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Recognizing and diagnosing any one of these entities requires not only training and experience in hematopathology, but good cooperation between clinical physicians and all areas of the laboratory. We describe a 30-year-old woman who presented to a Vietnam hospital and was rapidly diagnosed with ANKL, SEBVTCL, and HLH using WHO-HAEM5bv essential criteria, aided by expert consultation from a United States (US) board certified hematopathologist in real-time using video conferencing software.
Methods
Zoom™ videoconferencing software; Immunohistochemistry; flow cytometric immunophenotyping; polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Next Generation Sequencing (NGS).
Results
At the time of hospital admission, automated complete blood count (CBC) with differential count showed slight anemia, slight lymphocytosis, and moderate thrombocytopenia. HIV serology was negative. Whole blood PCR for EBV was positive showing 98,000 copies/ml. A lymph node biopsy revealed histology and immunohistochemistry consistent with the online beta version WHO-HAEM5 classification of SEBVTCL arising in CAEBV. Blood and bone marrow studies performed for staging revealed no histologic or immunohistochemical evidence of T-cell lymphoma in the bone marrow core, however, atypical blood smear lymphocyte morphology and blood immunophenotyping by flow cytometry were consistent with WHO-HAEM5 classification of ANKL. NGS revealed no evidence of genetic variant(s) associated with HLH in Vietnam. All laboratory studies were performed at Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital (BTHH) in Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam.
Conclusion
Although Vietnam, an emerging economy, currently lacks the laboratory infrastructure to more rigorously confirm a rare synchronous presentation of two distinct EBV-driven T/NK cell neoplasms, these two concomitant diagnoses were made using only laboratory techniques available in Vietnam with the help of WHO-HAEM5bv and real-time video consultation by a US hematopathologist.
This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) to Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a causative agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease at different ...salinities. Experimental shrimp were stocked at 40 individuals/tank containing 40 L of 15 ppt seawater. Salinities in the experimental tanks were adjusted to 10, 20, 25, 30, and 35 ppt, and remaining tanks (15 ppt) used as controls. The water temperature was maintained at 28°C. Three days after acclimatization to different salinities, shrimp were challenged with V. parahaemolyticus. Ten days after challenge, shrimp growing in 35 ppt salinity showed higher cumulative mortality than shrimp growing in 10 ppt. No significant difference occurred among the groups exposed to 15, 20, 25, and 30 ppt salinity. The median lethal time of challenged shrimp was 25.31 ± 4.06 hours at 35 ppt and significantly shorter than at 10 ppt (161.19 ± 4.60 hours) and at 15 ppt (91.30 ± 4.25 hours). The results suggest that whiteleg shrimp juveniles are more susceptible to V. parahaemolyticus when reared at 35 ppt salinity than at lower salinities.
Human pancreatic cancer cell lines have a remarkable tolerance to nutrition starvation, which enables them to survive under a tumor microenvironment. The search for agents that preferentially inhibit ...the survival of cancer cells under low nutrient conditions represents a novel antiausterity strategy in anticancer drug discovery. In this investigation, a methanol extract of the rhizomes of Boesenbergia pandurata showed potent preferential cytotoxicity against PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells under nutrient-deprived conditions, with a PC50 value of 6.6 μg/mL. Phytochemical investigation of this extract led to the isolation of 15 compounds, including eight new cyclohexene chalcones (1–8). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by NMR spectroscopic data analysis. Among the isolated compounds obtained, isopanduratin A1 (14) and nicolaioidesin C (15) exhibited potent preferential cytotoxicity against PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells under nutrition-deprived conditions, with PC50 values of 1.0 and 0.84 μM, respectively.
α-Conidendrin is a lignan isolated from Taxus wallichiana and other species. In the present study, we demonstrated that α-conidendrin inhibited the cell-surface expression of intercellular adhesion ...molecule-1 (ICAM-1) induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at an IC50 value of 40–60 μM in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. α-Conidendrin decreased ICAM-1 protein and mRNA expression levels at concentrations of 40–100 μM in TNF-α-stimulated A549 cells. The TNF-α-induced mRNA expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, and cyclooxygenase-2 was also reduced by α-conidendrin. In the TNF-α-induced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, α-conidendrin did not influence the translocation of the NF-κB subunit RelA from the cytoplasm to the nucleus at concentrations up to 100 μM. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that α-conidendrin at 100 μM reduced the binding of RelA to the ICAM-1 promoter in response to a stimulation with TNF-α. Collectively, these results indicated that α-conidendrin interfered with the DNA binding of RelA to the ICAM-1 promoter, thereby reducing ICAM-1 transcription.
•α-Conidendrin is a lignan isolated from Taxus wallichiana and other species.•α-Conidendrin inhibited TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression.•α-Conidendrin did not influence the TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of RelA.•α-Conidendrin interfered with the DNA binding of RelA to the ICAM-1 promoter.
Following bioactivity-guided isolation, four new stilbene-like derivatives, named Strebluses E-H, were isolated from the EtOAc-soluble fraction of the stems of
(Moraceae). Their chemical structures ...were elucidated based on NMR spectroscopic data interpretation and optical rotation calculation.
E possesses potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC
value of 0.1 μM. Oxy-tyrosinase has two bound Cu
ions and a peroxide group in the binding site, which has a role in the catalytic oxidation. Thus, a docking study of
E with oxy-tyrosinase was performed to analyze the ligand-protein interactions. With
modelling, the
value and the ligand-protein interactions suggested that
E showed lower binding affinity for oxy-tyrosinase than that of
C.
From the EtOAc extract of the wood of the stems of Taxotrophis ilicifolius (Moraceae), two new secondary metabolites, named taxotrophises A (1) and B (2), were isolated, together with five known ...compounds (3-7). Their chemical structures have been elucidated by extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis. All isolated compounds have been evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In the present work, compounds 1 and 4 showed the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC
50
values of 6.5 and 1.5 μM, respectively, and stronger than that of a positive control, acarbose (IC
50
; 214.5 μM).
From an EtOAc-soluble fraction of the roots of
, one undescribed chromene derivative, paratrimerin Z (
), was isolated. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic interpretation. ...The absolute configuration of
was determined by the specific rotation analysis of its acid-catalyzed hydrolysis product. Paratrimerin Z (
), at a concentration of 100
M, did not show cytotoxicity against Hep3B human liver cancer cell line.
From a CH2Cl2‐soluble fraction of the stem barks of Taxus wallichiana, one new abeo‐icetexane‐type diterpenoid, taxamairin I (1), was isolated. Its absolute configuration was elucidated based on ...spectroscopic interpretation and time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) calculation of optical rotation. In addition, the plausible biosynthesis pathway for the formation of the new abeo‐icetexane‐type diterpenoid was proposed. Taxamairin I (1), at a concentration of 100 μM, did not show cytotoxicity against Hep3B human liver cancer cell lines.
