Using ambient intelligence to assist people with dementia in carrying out their Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) independently in smart home environment is an important research area, due to the ...projected increasing number of people with dementia. We present herein, a system and algorithms for the automated recognition of ADLs; the ADLs are in terms of plans made up encoded sequences of micro-context information gathered by sensors in a smart home. Previously, the Erroneous-Plan Recognition (EPR) system was developed to specifically handle the wide spectrum of micro contexts from multiple sensing modalities. The EPR system monitors the person with dementia and determines if he has executed a correct or erroneous ADL. However, due to the noisy readings of the sensing modalities, the EPR system has problems in accurately detecting the erroneous ADLs. We propose to improve the accuracy of the EPR system by two new key components. First, we model the smart home environment as a Markov decision process (MDP), with the EPR system built upon it. Simple referencing of this model allows us to filter erroneous readings of the sensing modalities. Second, we use the reinforcement learning concept of probability and reward to infer erroneous readings that are not filtered by the first key component.We conducted extensive experiments and showed that the accuracy of the new EPR system is 26.2% higher than the previous system, and is therefore a better system for ambient assistive living applications.
A medium-density linkage map of the ovine genome has been developed. Marker data for 550 new loci were generated and merged with the previous sheep linkage map. The new map comprises 1093 markers ...representing 1062 unique loci (941 anonymous loci, 121 genes) and spans 3500 cM (sex-averaged) for the autosomes and 132 cM (female) on the X chromosome. There is an average spacing of 3.4 cM between autosomal loci and 8.3 cM between highly polymorphic polymorphic information content (PIC) > or = 0.7 autosomal loci. The largest gap between markers is 32.5 cM, and the number of gaps of > 20 cM between loci, or regions where loci are missing from chromosome ends, has been reduced from 40 in the previous map to 6. Five hundred and seventy-three of the loci can be ordered on a framework map with odds of > 1000 : 1. The sheep linkage map contains strong links to both the cattle and goat maps. Five hundred and seventy-two of the loci positioned on the sheep linkage map have also been mapped by linkage analysis in cattle, and 209 of the loci mapped on the sheep linkage map have also been placed on the goat linkage map. Inspection of ruminant linkage maps indicates that the genomic coverage by the current sheep linkage map is comparable to that of the available cattle maps. The sheep map provides a valuable resource to the international sheep, cattle, and goat gene mapping community.
A fluorimetric immunoassay has been used to assess reactivity of rheumatoid factor (RF) with both histone proteins and other basic polycations (poly-L-lysine, poly-L-ornithine, and protamine) bound ...to an immobilised tyrosine-glutamic acid polyanionic copolymer. Isolated RF preparations can bind to histone proteins in this assay, notably to H3 and H4 histones, and this activity was always masked in the original whole seropositive sera. Binding of isolated RF was often noted also to the other large-molecular-weight basic polycations.
With the increasing prevalence of HIV infection/AIDS and the extending range of care and treatment, the economic implications of the various prevention and control strategies, and of treatment, have ...become the subject of interest to policy-makers, public health specialists and health economists. This paper presents an overview of the methods used for the economic analysis of AIDS/HIV infection. It proposes an activity-oriented, cost center-based model for the costing of the economic impact of AIDS, using cost figures in Singapore since 1985, when the National AIDS Control Program was started. Priorities for future research are also identified.
Partial discharge (PD) detection has been used in assessment of condition reliability of electrical insulation in high voltage equipment such as power station. Unfortunately, PD signals took during ...condition monitoring are often corrupted with excessive interference. The challenge to effectively and accurately determine and extract the pure PD signal from the large amount of noise still remains. The focus of this paper is to explore artificial intelligence as a new denoising method for pure PD signal detection, especially for extracting low amplitude PD signals that are initially grouped with the noise signals. A fuzzy self-organizing maps (FSOM) method has been developed. It combines the concepts of Kohonen self-organizing maps (SOM) with fuzzy sets theory. A fuzzy classifier based on the FSOM is built to eliminate noise and extract pure PD signals. Two sets of laboratory-simulated signal data, surface and cavity, were used for the method verification. It is shown that the developed fuzzy classifier is superior to conventional threshold-filtering method in extracting the PD signals in the lower amplitude range.
Experimental study of dual microphone systems JIANFENG CHEN; SHUE, Louis; PHUA, Koksoon ...
2004 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME) (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8763),
2004, Letnik:
3
Conference Proceeding
In this paper, we compare and evaluate the various noise cancellation schemes available in what we term a dual microphone system. A dual microphone system (DMS) is a composite directional ...audio-capturing device which consists of two microphones, each microphone having possibly different directional characteristics, e.g., omnidirectional, bidirectional or cardioid. By recasting the various combinations of two microphones for a DMS into a coherent and familiar framework of generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC), we subsequently derive the expected noise reduction of various structures under incoherent, coherent and diffuse noise fields, followed by a series of experiments in a typical office environment. These results are indicative of the achievable reduction of noise in real applications. The relationship and differences between the various methods are also discussed
In this paper, a microphone array with 3-D focal zone is proposed. The microphone array consists of one omni-directional and two uni-directional microphones. The microphone array is so constructed ...that a cross zone is formed such that only the sound within this zone is captured and any interferences outside the zone are effectively cancelled. The proposed framework is flexible in defining the location/size of the closed volume where the sound source of interest is located. Simulations have been carried out to demonstrate the 3-D spatial selectivity as well as the noise cancellation performance. The most important feature which differs from the previous works is that the super volumetric selectivity is realized by strategically use only three microphones, by which the overall apparatus acts as a virtual wireless close-talking microphone with confined position constrained in both distance and directions.
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