The first practical guide to research methods in memory studies. This book provides expert appraisals of a range of techniques and approaches in memory studies, and focuses on methods and methodology ...as a way to help bring unity and coherence to this new field of study.
This new textbook addresses the neglect of practical research methods in cultural studies. It provides readers with clearly written overviews of research methods in cultural studies, along with ...guidelines on how to put these methods into operation. It advocates a multi-method approach, with students drawing from a pool of techniques and approaches suitable for their own topics of investigation.
The book covers the following main areas:
Drawing on experience, and studying how narratives make sense of experience.Investigating production processes in the cultural industries, and the consumption and assimilation of cultural products by audiences and fans.Taking both quantitative and qualitative approaches to the study of cultural life.Analysing visual images and both spoken and written forms of discourse.Exploring cultural memory and historical representation.
Key Features
A unique guide to research methods in Cultural StudiesExplores key methods of research, with examples of how to pursue (or not to pursue) a particular method.Expert contributors include Martin Barker, Aeron Davis, David Deacon, Emily Keightley, Steph Lawler, Anneke Meyer, Virginia Nightingale and Sarah Pink.
The Disablement in the Physically Active (DPA) scale is a patient-reported outcome instrument recommended for use in clinical practice and research. Analysis of the scale has indicated a need for ...further psychometric testing.
To assess the model fit of the original DPA scale using a larger and more diverse sample and explore the potential for a short-form (SF) version.
Observational study.
Twenty-four clinical settings.
Responses were randomly split into 2 samples: sample 1 (n = 690: 353 males, 330 females, and 7 not reported; mean age = 23.1 ± 9.3 years, age range = 11-75 years) and sample 2 (n = 690: 351 males, 337 females, and 2 not reported; mean age = 22.9 ± 9.3 years, age range = 8-74 years). Participants were physically active individuals who were healthy or experiencing acute, subacute, or persistent musculoskeletal injury.
Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess the factor structure of the original DPA scale. Exploratory factor, internal consistency, covariance modeling, correlational, and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to assess potential DPA scale SFs.
The subdimensions of the disablement construct were highly correlated (≥0.89). The fit indices for the DPA scale approached recommended levels, but the first-order correlational values and second-order path coefficients provided evidence for multicollinearity, suggesting that clear distinctions between the disablement subdimensions cannot be made. An 8-item, 2-dimensional solution and a 10-item, 3-dimensional solution were extracted to produce SF versions. The DPA SF-8 was highly correlated (
= 0.94,
≤ .001,
= 0.88) with the DPA scale, and the fit indices exceeded all of the strictest recommendations. The DPA SF-10 was highly correlated (
= 0.97,
≤ .001,
= 0.94) with the DPA scale, and its fit indices values also exceeded the strictest recommendations.
The DPA SF-8 and SF-10 are psychometrically sound alternatives to the DPA scale.
Nearly 40% of mortality in the United States is linked to social and behavioral factors such as smoking, diet and sedentary lifestyle. Autonomous self-regulation of health-related behaviors is thus ...an important aspect of human behavior to assess. In 1997, the Behavior Change Consortium (BCC) was formed. Within the BCC, seven health behaviors, 18 theoretical models, five intervention settings and 26 mediating variables were studied across diverse populations. One of the measures included across settings and health behaviors was the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ). The purpose of the present study was to examine the validity of the TSRQ across settings and health behaviors (tobacco, diet and exercise). The TSRQ is composed of subscales assessing different forms of motivation: amotivation, external, introjection, identification and integration. Data were obtained from four different sites and a total of 2731 participants completed the TSRQ. Invariance analyses support the validity of the TSRQ across all four sites and all three health behaviors. Overall, the internal consistency of each subscale was acceptable (most α values >0.73). The present study provides further evidence of the validity of the TSRQ and its usefulness as an assessment tool across various settings and for different health behaviors.
Sleep has long been understood as an essential component for overall well-being, substantially affecting physical health, cognitive functioning, mental health, and quality of life. Currently, the ...Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) is the only known instrument designed to measure sleep behaviors in the athletic population. However, the psychometric properties of the scale in a collegiate student-athlete and dance population have not been established.
To assess model fit of the ASBQ in a sample of collegiate traditional student-athletes and dancers.
Observational study.
Twelve colleges and universities.
A total of 556 (104 men, 452 women; age = 19.84 ± 1.62 years) traditional student-athletes and dancers competing at the collegiate level.
A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was computed to assess the factor structure of the ASBQ. We performed principal component analysis extraction and covariance modeling analyses to identify an alternate model. Multigroup invariance testing was conducted on the alternate model to identify if group differences existed for sex, sport type, injury status, and level of competition.
The CFA on the ASBQ indicated that the model did not meet recommended model fit indices. An alternate 3-factor, 9-item model with improved fit was identified; however, the scale structure was not consistently supported during multigroup invariance testing procedures.
The original 3-factor, 18-item ASBQ was not supported for use with collegiate athletes in our study. The alternate ASBQ was substantially improved, although more research should be completed to ensure that the 9-item instrument accurately captures all dimensions of sleep behavior relevant for collegiate athletes.
The purpose of this study is to identify profiles based on the reasons adults have for being physically active. A secondary purpose was to examine how profiles differ on motivational regulation and ...physical activity (PA). A total of 1275 (46.5 ± 16.8 years) participants were solicited from a hospital-affiliated wellness center, social media promotions, and a research volunteer registry. The Reasons to Exercise (REX-2) scale, International PA Questionnaire, Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-3, and demographic questionnaire were utilized to assess variables of interest with a cross-sectional survey. Using SPSS Version 26, K-cluster analysis was used to identify profiles based on the reasons for exercise that individuals identified as important. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess profile differences followed by ANOVA. Four profiles were derived based on reason for exercise scores: a multi-reason positive (N = 361), a multi-reason negative (N = 232), an autonomous-focused (N = 259), and a control-focused cluster (N = 382) (p < .001). These unique clusters differed significantly (p < .001) from each other with respect to motivation to be active and PA. The multi-reason positive cluster engaged in higher levels of total moderate and vigorous PA minutes/week compared to the other clusters. Therefore, adult’s motivation for PA may be likely to be affected by a combination of different informal goals and valuing a number of goals that are both extrinsic/controlling (e.g., to look good) and autonomous/intrinsic (e.g., to feel good), may promote greater autonomous motivation regulation and greater PA levels than highly autonomous/intrinsic goals alone.
Context
Psychometrically sound instruments are needed to accurately track the effectiveness of treatment and assess the quality of patient care. The Disablement in the Physically Active (DPA) scale ...Short Form-10 (SF-10) was developed as a more parsimonious version of the Disablement in the Physically Active scale to assess disablement in the physically active. Psychometric assessment of the DPA SF-10 has not been completed; specifically, the scale properties must be assessed among a sample of individuals who respond only to the 10-item scale at multiple time points.
Objective
To assess the psychometric properties of the DPA SF-10 using confirmatory factor analysis and invariance procedures across multiple time points.
Main Outcome Measure(s)
Confirmatory factor analyses and longitudinal invariance tests were conducted.
Results
The DPA SF-10 met contemporary fit index recommendations and demonstrated longitudinal invariance; however, localized fit concerns suggest further modification is needed.
Conclusions
Adoption of the DPA SF-10 into widespread clinical practice and research is not recommended until further psychometric testing and scale modification are performed.
The increased emphasis on implementing evidence-based practice has reinforced the need to more accurately assess patient improvement. Psychometrically sound, patient-reported outcome measures are ...essential for evaluating patient care. A patient-reported outcome instrument that may be useful for clinicians is the Disablement in the Physically Active Scale (DPAS). Before adopting this scale, however, researchers must evaluate its psychometric properties, particularly across subpopulations.
To evaluate the psychometric properties of the DPAS in a large sample using confirmatory factor analysis procedures and assess structural invariance of the scale across sex, age, injury status, and athletic status groups.
Observational study.
Twenty-two clinical sites.
Of 1445 physically active individuals recruited from multiple athletic training clinical sites, data from 1276 were included in the analysis. Respondents were either healthy or experiencing an acute, subacute, or persistent musculoskeletal injury.
A confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the full sample, and multigroup invariance testing was conducted to assess differences across sex, age, injury status, and athletic status. Given the poor model fit, alternate model generation was used to identify a more parsimonious factor structure.
The DPAS did not meet contemporary fit index recommendations or the criteria to demonstrate structural invariance. We identified an 8-item model that met the model fit recommendations using alternate model generation.
The 16-item DPAS did not meet the model fit recommendations and may not be the most parsimonious or reliable measure for assessing disablement and quality of life. Use of the 16-item DPAS across subpopulations of interest is not recommended. More examination involving a true cross-validation sample should be completed on the 8-item DPAS before this scale is adopted in research and practice.
Quality of life (QoL) is important to assess in patient care. Researchers have previously claimed validity of the Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) across multiple samples of individuals, but close ...inspection of results suggest further psychometric investigation of the instrument is warranted. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to: 1) evaluate the proposed five-factor, 15-item and three-factor, 16-item QOLS; 2) if the factor structure could not be confirmed, re-assess the QOLS using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and covariance modeling to identify a parsimonious refinement of the QOLS structure for future investigation.
Participants varying in age, physical activity level, and identified medical condition(s) were recruited from clinical sites and ResearchMatch. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were performed on the full sample (n = 1036) based on proposed 15- and 16-item QOLS versions. Subsequent EFA and covariance modeling was performed on a random subset of the data (n
= 518) to identify a more parsimonious version of the QOLS. The psychometric properties of the newly proposed model were confirmed in the remaining half of participants (n
= 518). Further examination of the scale psychometric properties was completed using invariance testing procedures across sex and health status sub-categories.
Neither the 15- nor 16-item QOLS CFA met model fit recommendations. Subsequent EFA and covariance modeling analyses revealed a one-factor, five-item scale that satisfied contemporary statistical and model fit standards. Follow-up CFA confirmed the revised model structure; however, invariance testing requirements across sex and injury status subgroups were not met.
Neither the 15- nor 16-item QOLS exhibited psychometric attributes that support construct validity. Our analyses indicate a new, short-form model, might offer a more appropriate and parsimonious scale from some of the original QOLS items; however, invariance testing across sex and injury status suggested the psychometric properties still vary between sub-groups. Given the scale design concerns and the results of this study, developing a new instrument, or identifying a different, better validated instrument to assess QoL in research and practice is recommended.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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