The essential oil of Plectranthus amboinicus and its chemotypes, carvacrol and thymol, were evaluated on the germination and root and aerial growth of Lactuca sativa and Sorghum bicolor and in acting ...on the cell cycle of meristematic root cells of L. sativa. The main component found in the oil by analysis in gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography flame ionization detection was carvacrol (88.61% in area). At a concentration of 0.120% (w v–1), the oil and its chemotypes retarded or inhibited the germination and decreased root and aerial growth in monocot and dicot species used in the bioassays. In addition, all substances caused changes in the cell cycle of the meristematic cells of L. sativa, with chromosomal alterations occurring from the 0.015% (w v–1) concentration. The essential oil of P. amboinicus, carvacrol, and thymol have potential for use as bioherbicides.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir a natureza das desinências de gênero no português, sua relação com vogais temáticas e suas funções. Acreditamos que a divisão entre os conceitos de ...desinências de gênero e vogal temática é psicologicamente irreal. Além disso, hipotetizamos que a função das construções desinenciais de gênero (como aqui são chamadas) está intimamente relacionado às categorias de gênero social. Sendo assim, mesmo quando combinadas com substantivos de referente inanimado, veiculam tal significado, o que força aos falantes a atribuição de características comumente relacionadas aos gêneros sociais, e, portanto, a humanos, a referentes inanimados. Nesse sentido, defendemos, neste trabalho, que a língua afeta a maneira como pensamos de alguma maneira, nos aproximando do Relativismo Linguístico. Tais afirmações foram corroboradas por resultados obtidos via experimento linguístico aqui relatado.
This paper aims to discuss the nature of gender marks in Portuguese, their relationship with thematic vowels and their functions. We believe that the distinction between the concepts of gender endings and thematic vowel is psychologically unreal. In addition, we hypothesize that the function of the gender constructions (as they are called here) is closely related to the categories of social gender. Thus, even when combined with inanimate referent nouns, they convey such meaning, which forces speakers to assign characteristics commonly related to social genders, and therefore to humans, to inanimate referents. In this sense, we defend, in this work, that language affects the way we think in some way, approaching Linguistic Relativism. Such statements were corroborated by results obtained through the linguistic experiment reported here.
Este artículo tiene como objetivo discutir la naturaleza de las terminaciones de género en portugués, su relación con las vocales temáticas y sus funciones. Creemos que la división entre los conceptos de terminaciones de género y vocal temática no es psicológicamente real. Además, planteamos la hipótesis de que la función de las construcciones morfológicas de género (como se denominan aquí) está estrechamente relacionada con las categorías de género social. De esta manera, incluso cuando se combinan con nombres de referencia inanimados, transmiten tal significado, que obliga a los hablantes a asignar características comúnmente relacionadas con los géneros sociales, y por lo tanto con los humanos, a los referentes inanimados. Defendemos, en este trabajo, que el lenguaje afecta de alguna manera la forma en que pensamos, acercándonos al Relativismo Lingüístico. Tales declaraciones fueron corroboradas por los resultados obtenidos a través del experimento lingüístico que aquí se informa.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This work focuses on designing a pin-on-disk tribometer used to perform dry or lubricated wear tests according to the ASTM G99 standard method. The pin-on-disk device was developed using the ...engineering design process (EDP) based on steps related to problem understanding and solution construction stages. The tribometer is composed of an aluminum structure, a cylindrical test chamber, a disk rotation control system, load cells for measuring normal and tangential forces, a disk position sensor, and temperature sensors. A 7" touch screen was selected for the user interface (HMI). Wear tests to verify the reliability and usefulness of the tribometer were carried out on disk samples extracted from a hot-rolled AISI 1025 carbon-steel commercial bar, and performed with 2 and 10 N normal loads, linear sliding speeds of 0.27, 0.54, 0.82, 1.10, and 1.63 m/s, 500 m total sliding distance, using alumina ball as counterbody material. Dry and lubricated conditions were considered. Parameters as sliding distance, normal and frictional forces, and coefficient of friction (COF) were monitored during real-time tests. The procedure proved to be simple and safe. HMI enables the user to configure easily and quickly the test condition. A good agreement between the duplicate results was observed. During calibration, it was observed that the load cells and the servomotor presented standard deviations lower than 1.1 g and 0.2 r/min, respectively, and a percentage of uncertainty lower than 0.3. The LVDT showed a correlation regression coefficient of 0.999 between measured and output signals. During wear validation tests, all variations in results were less than 2% under the investigated conditions.
Hybridization between native and nonnative fish species is a major conservation issue, especially in ecosystems with high levels of endemism, such as Iberian streams. To date, hybridization with the ...invasive bleak Alburnus alburnus has been reported for the Iberian chub Squalius alburnoides and S. pyrenaicus and in scattered locations only. However, the bleak is spreading in the region, potentially increasing the risks of hybridization with other Squalius species. To gather a more comprehensive picture on the current geography of hybridization, we compiled records on hybrids between bleak and chub in Portugal and conducted genetical assessments of hybrids between bleak and S. carolitertii. We found that hybridization with bleak is widespread throughout Portuguese river basins and involves at least S. alburnoides, S. pyrenaicus and S. carolitertii. Hybridization with bleak may not only cause waste of reproductive effort and damage the genetic integrity of these endemic species but also promote shifts in the reproductive dynamics of the S. alburnoides hybrid complex, which includes individuals with various ploidy levels and combinations of parental genomes, reproducing sexually and asexually. We recommend that future studies characterize the fitness of bleak hybrids and their ecological and genetic interactions with native fish, in order to design effective conservation measures.
is a temperature-dependent dimorphic fungus that causes systemic paracoccidioidomycosis, a granulomatous disease. The massive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the host's cellular immune ...response is an essential strategy to restrain the fungal growth. Among the ROS, the hydroperoxides are very toxic antimicrobial compounds and fungal peroxidases are part of the pathogen neutralizing antioxidant arsenal against the host's defense. Among them, the peroxiredoxins are highlighted, since some estimates suggest that they are capable of decomposing most of the hydroperoxides generated in the host's mitochondria and cytosol. We presently characterized a unique
1-Cys peroxiredoxin (PbPrx1). Our results reveal that it can decompose hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides very efficiently. We showed that dithiolic, but not monothiolic compounds or heterologous thioredoxin reductant systems, were able to retain the enzyme activity. Structural analysis revealed that PbPrx1 has an α/β structure that is similar to the 1-Cys secondary structures described to date and that the quaternary conformation is represented by a dimer, independently of the redox state. We investigated the PbPrx1 localization using confocal microscopy, fluorescence-activated cell sorter, and immunoblot, and the results suggested that it localizes both in the cytoplasm and at the cell wall of the yeast and mycelial forms of
, as well as in the yeast mitochondria. Our present results point to a possible role of this unique
1-Cys Prx1 in the fungal antioxidant defense mechanisms.
In Brazil, 'Coffea canephora' coffee is generally cultivated in hot climate regions and at altitudes below 400 - 450 m. There is little information on 'C. canephora' cultivation at higher altitudes. ...Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the physicochemical properties and to perform the sensorial analysis of 21 different 'Coffea canephora' coffee genotypes, grown at 720 m altitude in the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil. The field experiment was implemented in 2011 at the Incaper, Experimental Farm of Venda Nova using randomized block design, with four replications, eight plants per plot and spacing of 3.0 x 1.0 m. Thirteen clones of the clonal cultivar Vitoria Incaper 8142 (V1 to V13) and eight clones of the clonal cultivar Robustao Capixaba Emcapa 8141 (R1, R2, R3, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10) were studied. Grain samples were obtained from the third harvest in 2016. The harvest was performed when more than 80% of the fruits were ripe (August) and the freshly harvested coffee was processed using the conventional terrace drying method (natural processing). After the coffee was dried and processed, the four replicates were of each treatment were combined for the physicochemical analyses. The physicochemical analyses were performed (total titratable acidity, pH at 25oC and 96oC), reducing, non-reducing and total sugars were determined, chlorogenic acid (5-CQA), trigonelline and caffeine levels were determined by HPLC using the external standard method. Chlorogenic acid contents were found in the range of 2.60 to 3.65%. Caffeine levels ranged from 2.06 to 2.89%. There was no statistical difference in the final scores of the sensory analysis of the 'C. canephora' coffees and the average value was 77.44 points, the same score for high-quality/premium coffee. Cultivation of 'C. canephora' at high altitudes can be promising to obtain higher quality coffees from 'C. canephora' species.
Introdução: A captação de tecidos musculoesqueléticos é fundamental para garantir o fornecimento de produtos biológicos de origem humana com segurança e eficácia clínica. Para assegurar a qualidade ...desses tecidos, é essencial que a etapa de captação passe por um processo de validação. Objetivos: Este artigo descreve a experiência de um banco de multitecidos humanos (BMTHs) público na validação da captação de tecido musculoesquelético (cabeça femoral) de doador vivo. Métodos: Trata-se da avaliação e adequação de um protocolo de captação visando promover a excelência na qualidade dos tecidos distribuídos para fins terapêuticos e de pesquisa. Para isso, foram realizadas uma visita técnica em outro banco de tecidos e reuniões com a equipe do serviço de ortopedia para apresentação e discussão sobre o fluxo do processo. A triagem do doador foi conduzida por meio da aplicação de formulários, avaliando os critérios de seleção e exclusão. Após a aceitação, mediante termo de consentimento, foram solicitados os exames sorológicos do doador e, por fim, a captação. Validaram-se o kit de captação, o controle de temperatura da caixa térmica de transporte e a coleta de material microbiológico da peça no momento da retirada. Para considerar válido o processo, o tecido captado passou por avaliações macroscópicas, radiológicas e microbiológicas. Os formulários e demais documentos do prontuário foram auditados pelo Núcleo de Qualidade e Segurança em Saúde (NQSS) da instituição. Também foi realizado o mapeamento dos processos, visando os riscos e oportunidades de melhoria. Resultados: O protocolo de captação foi realizado e validado conforme previsto no plano de ação. A técnica de captação foi realizada de forma estéril no centro cirúrgico. As análises microbiológicas e sorológicas apresentaram resultados negativos e o tecido foi considerado macroscopicamente viável. Após auditoria, a documentação foi considerada adequada ao atender a legislação vigente (Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada – RDC Nº 707, de 1 de julho de 2022). Além disso, o mapeamento dos processos garantiu a segurança da captação e proporcionou oportunidades de melhoria. Conclusão: Apresenta-se um protocolo de captação de tecidos musculoesqueléticos no serviço de referência, sendo o processo de validação replicável, por meio de uma ferramenta fundamental para assegurar a inocuidade e segurança na captação de tecidos.
Peculiarities of Atypical Meningiomas: Literature Review Santos, Rafael Rodrigues Pinheiro dos; Rampazzo, Ana Carla Mondek; Zicarelli, Carlos Alexandre Martins ...
Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia,
06/2022, Letnik:
41, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
Introduction
Meningiomas are common tumors of the central nervous system that represent around 30% of primary tumors. However, the incidence of atypical meningiomas (AMs) is lower, of ...approximately 15% of all meningiomas, and they present high rates of relapse and mortality.
Aim
To review peculiarities of AMs.
Methodology
A literature review of articles published in English between 2009 and 2020 on the PubMed and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) databases using the terms
meningioma
and
atypical
.
Results
Atypical meningiomas are rare and more prevalent in older males. The clinical condition depends on the site of the tumor, and a definitive diagnosis of AM is only possible via anatomical pathology. Moreover, prominent studies have indicated a relationship between the presence of the anti-Ki67 antibody/mindbomb (
K
i
-67/MIB1
) marker as an aid in the definition of AM and one of the determinants of tumor aggressiveness. Imaging studies have also advanced in terms of seeking criteria using magnetic resonance that may suggest the malignancy of a lesion. As far as treatment is concerned, total resection remains the main therapeutic option, and it has a direct relationship with survival and time until disease progression. Lastly, there are many factors involved in the prognosis of AM.
Conclusion
Atypical meningiomas continue to be a challenge, requiring further and more specific studies to provide a better understanding of it.
Abstract
Introduction Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis results from metastatic neoplastic cells that reach the leptomeninges through the cerebrospinal fluid. The presentation of the disease is variable, ...making prognosis challenging. However, the presence of intracranial hypertension is common, which has prompted new treatments to mitigate this effect.
Objective To report the role of neurosurgery in the treatment of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, as well as its advances.
Methodology Literature review with a search of the PubMed database, between 2011 and 2021, using the following descriptors: Neurosurgery, Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis, Cerebrospinal and Treatment. A total of 42 articles were found, 16 of which were selected.
Results The shunt insertion considerably improved the effects of cranial hypertension, increasing the average survival time of patients by 3.5 months after surgery. The Ommaya reservoir is also a viable option due to its convenience and safety. The V-Port, on the other hand, has overcome the challenges of conventional devices, with shorter operating times (42 minutes), smaller skin incisions, and no reports of postoperative infection.
Conclusion Devices for the treatment of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis have been steadily improving, simplifying surgical procedures and benefiting patients.
ABSTRACT Soil is an important water compartment into a watershed scale, mainly due to its role in providing water to plants and to the influence of antecedent moisture on the runoff initiation. The ...aim of this research is to assess the permanence of water effectiveness in the soil under preserved-vegetation constraints in the Caatinga biome, in the semiarid northeastern Brazil. For this purpose, hourly soil moisture measurements were collected with TDR and analyzed between 2003 and 2010 for three soil-vegetation associations in the Aiuaba Experimental Basin. The results showed that in nine months per year soil moisture was below wilting point for two associations, whose soils are Chromic Luvisol and Haplic Lixisol (Abruptic). In the third association, where the shallow soil Lithic Leptosol prevails, water was found non-effective four months per year. A possible reason for the high water permanence in the shallowest soil is the percolation process, generating sub-surface flow, which barely occurs in the deeper soils. In situ observations indicates that the long period of soil moisture below the wilting point was not enough to avoid the blooming season of the Caatinga vegetation during the rainy periods. Indeed, after the beginning of each rainy season, there is a growth of dense green vegetation, regardless of the long period under water shortage.
RESUMO O solo é um dos compartimentos de água de maior importância em uma bacia hidrográfica. A vegetação depende majoritariamente da água retida pelo solo para atender às suas demandas; e o início do escoamento superficial depende fortemente da umidade inicial do solo. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a permanência da efetividade da água no solo sob condições de vegetação preservada no bioma Caatinga, Semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro. Para isso, foram analisados dados horários de umidade do solo através de sensores TDR obtidos entre os anos de 2003 e 2010 para três associações solo-vegetação presentes na Bacia Experimental de Aiuaba. Os resultados indicam que, durante nove meses ao ano, a água no solo encontra-se abaixo do ponto de murcha permanente para duas associações, cujos solos são Argissolo Vermelho -Amarelo e Luvissolo Hipocrômico. Na terceira associação, cujo solo é raso (Neossolo litólico), a água encontra -se não efetiva durante quatro meses ao ano. Avalia-se que a maior permanência de água neste solo dê-se pela limitação de percolação profunda, induzindo o escoamento sub-superficial; o que não se verifica nos solos mais profundos. Verificou-se in situ que o longo período de umidade abaixo do ponto de murcha permanente não comprometeu a vida das espécies da Caatinga. Após o início de cada período chuvoso, observa -se o crescimento de uma densa massa de vegetação, apesar do longo período sob estresse hídrico.
PDF
