Summary
In the intravenous iron therapy to treat iron deficiency anaemia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery (PREVENTT) trial, the use of intravenous iron did not reduce the need for blood ...transfusion or reduce patient complications or length of hospital stay. As part of the trial protocol, serum was collected at randomisation and on the day of surgery. These samples were analysed in a central laboratory for markers of iron deficiency. We performed a secondary analysis to explore the potential interactions between pre‐operative markers of iron deficiency and intervention status on the trial outcome measures. Absolute iron deficiency was defined as ferritin <30 μg.l−1; functional iron deficiency as ferritin 30–100 μg.l−1 or transferrin saturation < 20%; and the remainder as non‐iron deficient. Interactions were estimated using generalised linear models that included different subgroup indicators of baseline iron status. Co‐primary endpoints were blood transfusion or death and number of blood transfusions, from randomisation to 30 days postoperatively. Secondary endpoints included peri‐operative change in haemoglobin, postoperative complications and length of hospital stay. Most patients had iron deficiency (369/452 82%) at randomisation; one‐third had absolute iron deficiency (144/452 32%) and half had functional iron deficiency (225/452 50%). The change in pre‐operative haemoglobin with intravenous iron compared with placebo was greatest in patients with absolute iron deficiency, mean difference 8.9 g.l−1, 95%CI 5.3–12.5; moderate in functional iron deficiency, mean difference 2.8 g.l−1, 95%CI −0.1 to 5.7; and with little change seen in those patients who were non‐iron deficient. Subgroup analyses did not suggest that intravenous iron compared with placebo reduced the likelihood of death or blood transfusion at 30 days differentially across subgroups according to baseline ferritin (p = 0.33 for interaction), transferrin saturation (p = 0.13) or in combination (p = 0.45), or for the number of blood transfusions (p = 0.06, 0.29, and 0.39, respectively). There was no beneficial effect of the use of intravenous iron compared with placebo, regardless of the metrics to diagnose iron deficiency, on postoperative complications or length of hospital stay.
Dorsally located corneal dermoid in a cat LoPinto, Alexander J; Pirie, Chris G; Huynh, Thanhthao ...
JFMS open reports,
01/2016, Letnik:
2, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A 2-month-old, male kitten was presented for evaluation of unilateral blepharospasm and epiphora involving the right eye. Ocular examination revealed conjunctivitis, a superficial corneal ulcer, ...reflex anterior uveitis and a haired mass within the dorsal cornea of the right eye. The mass was subsequently removed surgically via a lamellar keratectomy. Histologic evaluation of the mass via light microscopy revealed it to be comprised of normal-haired skin with mild inflammation. One week after surgical removal and medical management of the corneal ulcer, all ocular clinical signs had resolved with minimal corneal scarring. On re-examination 6 months following surgical excision of the mass, the kitten was noted to be comfortable with no significant corneal scarring. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a dorsally located corneal dermoid in a cat.
Reported values for eggshell thickness in Common Murre (Uria aalge) are few, and even fewer since the decline in use of organochlorine pesticides and other environmental pollutants that caused ...significant thinning of shells. The eggshells of Common Murres and Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia) are among the thickest and heaviest, proportionately, of any bird and this represents a non-trivial maternal investment. We measured the length and breadth of Common Murre eggs collected from Machias Seal Island, New Brunswick, in 2006, and Gull Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, in 2012, and we measured the thickness of the eggshells. Shell thickness was not related to egg size or volume, and it varied in individual eggs. The shells of Common Murre eggs from Machias Seal Island (mean and standard deviation SD (0.767, SD 0.078 mm) and Gull Island (0.753, SD 0.057 mm) were significantly thicker than any previously reported value and among the thickest of all birds. Such thickness is likely a result of nesting on rock substrate with no nesting material and, perhaps, high breeding densities.
The first isolation of apmv-2 from poultry in Great Britain was made in July 2002 from samples submitted to the Veterinary Laboratories Agency ( vla ) - Lasswade from a free-range, 53-week-old ...commercial layer flock in the Borders region of Scotland that had been experiencing egg production problems and some mortality. Because infectious bronchitis virus infection was suspected, pools of trachea and caecal tonsils from submitted carcases were inoculated into nine- to 10-day-old embryonated eggs from specific pathogen-free ( spf ) hens. ...genetic and antigenic characterisation of the isolates is in progress and may give some insight into their possible origins ( Ozdemir and others 1990 , Zhang and others 2006 ). apmv-2 infections of poultry have usually been associated with only mild respiratory disease and/or egg production problems, and the clinical signs reported in the three flocks in the present study were consistent with these findings.
The association of parity and infant mortality was studied using linked birth-death files for 46,985 infants born to 11- to 19-year-old Minnesota residents between 1980 and 1988. Compared with ...infants of primiparas, infants of multiparas were at twice the risk for infant and postneonatal death but at no increased risk for neonatal death. They were also at two to three times the risk for deaths due to accidents, infections, and sudden infant death syndrome. The higher sociodemographic disadvantage and poorer prenatal care of multiparas did not explain the excess infant mortality risk that was concentrated in causes of death that are potentially preventable through primary care and parent education.
Vasculitic and granulomatous reactions of the cervix have been reported previously. Necrobiotic granulomas have been described following cervical surgery.
CASE SUMMARYA 2-month-old, male kitten was presented for evaluation of unilateral blepharospasm and epiphora involving the right eye. Ocular examination revealed conjunctivitis, a superficial corneal ...ulcer, reflex anterior uveitis and a haired mass within the dorsal cornea of the right eye. The mass was subsequently removed surgically via a lamellar keratectomy. Histologic evaluation of the mass via light microscopy revealed it to be comprised of normal-haired skin with mild inflammation. One week after surgical removal and medical management of the corneal ulcer, all ocular clinical signs had resolved with minimal corneal scarring. On re-examination 6 months following surgical excision of the mass, the kitten was noted to be comfortable with no significant corneal scarring. RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATIONTo our knowledge, this is the first case report of a dorsally located corneal dermoid in a cat.
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