V zadnjih letih opažamo porast alergijskih bolezni, kar je ver-jetno posledica spremenjenega načina življenja in sprememb naravnega okolja. Po evropskih podatkih ima alergijsko bolezen že več kot 30 ...% ljudi. Največkrat se težave začnejo v zgodnjem otroštvu in v mladosti. Z leti se večina alergijskih bolezni ublaži ali celo izgine, nekatere pa lahko trajajo tudi do poznih let ali celo vse življenje. Kažejo se kot alergijski rinitis, astma, alergijski konjunktivitis, koprivnica, alergija na strup (pik) žuželk ter kot preobčutljivost na zdravila in hrano. Lahko se odrazijo tudi kot nevarna sistemska alergijska reakcija, tj. anafilaksija. Hkrati s pogostostjo alergij se uspešno razvija tudi klinična alergologija z modernimi metodami diagnosticiranja in zdravljenja. V obeh segmentih ima medicinska sestra (MS) pomembno vlogo v multidisciplinarnem timu. Aktivno je udeležena tako pri diagnosticiranju kot tudi zdravljenju alergij, v zadnjem času tudi na področju raziskovanja in uvajanja novosti pri obvladovanju alergijskih bolezni. Vlogo MS v alergologiji odraža kompleksnost oskrbe bolnika z alergijo, saj vključuje izvrševanje diagnostičnih postopkov in zdravljenja po naročilu zdravnika, zdravstvenovzgojno delo ter skrb za bolnika s kroničnimi alergijskimi težavami (rinitis, atopijski dermatitis) in akutnimi alergijskimi dogodki (anafilaksija).
In the last few years, there has been a significant increase in allergic conditions, probably due to changes in lifestyle and the natural environment. According to European data, over 30% of the ...population has allergies. These symptoms usually begin in early childhood and adolescence. Over the years, most allergies are alleviated or even disappear, but others last throughout adulthood or are lifelong. Allergy symptoms and signs present as allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, asthma, urticaria, allergy to insect venom (bites) and food allergies and drug hypersensitivity. In addition, they can occur as severe systemic allergic reactions – anaphylaxis. Together with the increased frequency of allergies, clinical allergology has also successfully developed. Modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods are available. In both segments, the nurse plays a significant role as a member of a multidisciplinary team. The nurse is actively involved in allergy diagnostics and treatment, and recently in research and the implementation of innovations in the management of allergic disease. Nursing roles within allergology reflect the complex care of patients with allergic conditions. They include performing assigned diagnostic procedures and treatment, ordered by the doctor, patient health education, care of patients with chronic allergic conditions (rhinitis, atopic dermatitis) and acute difficulties (anaphylaxis).
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