Glasses of the 6Na
2
O–(24–
х
)B
2
O
3
–70SiO
2
–
х
Fe
2
O
3
system with x ranging from 2 to 10 mol % are studied by dilatometry and X-ray powder diffractometry. The density of the glass is measured ...and the molar volume is calculated. The heat treatment of the glass is carried out at 550 and 700°C for 96 and 2 h, respectively. Magnetite is formed in the heat-treated glasses and its content increases with the growth of the Fe
2
O
3
concentration. In the glasses containing from 4 to 8 mol. % of Fe
2
O
3
, cristobalite is formed after treatment at 700°C for 2 h. An increase in the density and the glass transition temperature and a decrease in the molar volume is observed with the growth of the iron oxide content.
New oxovanadium(V) complexes with 2-hydroxy(diaryl)methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline ligands were synthesized. These compounds were found to be efficient tandem catalysts of oligomerization of hex-1-ene and ...alkylation of toluene, which leads to the mixture of hexyl-, dihexyl-, and trihexyltoluenes with the conversion of the starting alkene more than 99%.
Introduction. Patients with surgical menopause have a risk for osteopenic syndrome (OS). Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in combination with calcium and vitamin D promotes increase in bone mineral ...density (BMD). The expression level of vitamin D receptor in mononuclear fraction cells (MNFC) of blood can be considered as a predictive marker of effectiveness of OS therapy.
Aim. To search a molecular predictive marker of the effectiveness of OS treatment.
Materials and methods. The study included 100 women aged 4055 years with a duration of surgical menopause from 12 months to 6 years. The criterion for including patients in the study was the absence of contraindications to the use of MHT. The subject of the study was the determination of BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, polymerase chain reaction diagnostics of the level of expression of vitamin D genes, estradiol and progesterone receptors, determination of 25-OH vitamin D in the blood.
Results. Analysis of 12-month OS therapy effectiveness evaluated with a surrogate marker BMD. The increase in BMD up to 34% per year was treated as absence of negative dynamics, more than 4% per year as positive one. Significant effect of combination therapy compared with MHT on BMD in patients with surgical menopause with a low baseline level of BMD (due to hypovitaminosis D) is associated with the anti-inflammatory, bone-protective effect of vitamin D. In both groups of patients not responding; to the prescribed therapy we were able to conduct a comparative analysis of expression level of the target molecules in the MNFC before the start of treatment. The efficacy of MHT and combination therapy for BMD disorders is positively associated with the expression level of vitamin D receptors in MNFC before treatment. Therefore, the vitDR mRNA level is a potential predictive marker of the effectiveness of OS treatment. The expression levels of nuclear estradiol beta receptor and membrane receptor for progesterone in MNFC before treatment showed an upward trend in women responding to therapy.
Conclusion. The expression level of the vitamin D receptor in MNFC of blood is significantly lower in the group of women with no/insufficient effect on 12-month combined therapy. This indicator can be considered as a predictive marker of the effectiveness of OS therapy.
The Quaternary history of Beringia and of the Arctic–Pacific marine connection via the Bering Strait is poorly understood because of the fragmentary stratigraphic record from this region. We report ...new borehole and seismic-reflection data collected in 2006 in the southwestern Chukchi Sea. Sediment samples were analyzed for magnetic properties, grain size, heavy minerals, and biostratigraphic proxies (spores and pollen, foraminifers, ostracodes, diatoms, and aquatic palynomorphs). Two shallow boreholes drilled between the Chukotka Peninsula and the Wrangel Island recovered sediments of two principal stratigraphic units with a distinct unconformity between them. Based on predominantly reverse paleomagnetic polarity of the lower unit and pollen spectra indicative of forested coasts and climate warmer than present, the age of this unit is estimated as Pliocene to early Pleistocene (broadly between ca. 5 and 2 Ma). Attendant sedimentary environments were likely alluvial to nearshore marine. These deposits can be correlated to the seismic unit infilling valleys incised into sedimentary bedrock across much of the study area, and possibly deposited during a transgression following the opening of the Bering Strait. The upper unit from both boreholes contains Holocene
14C ages and is clearly related to the last, postglacial transgression. Holocene sediments in Borehole 2 indicate fast deposition at the early stages of flooding (between ca. 11 and 9 ka) to very low deposition, possibly related to expansive sea ice. Closer to shore, deposition at Borehole 1 resumed much later (ca. 2 ka), likely due to a change in the pattern of coastal erosional processes and/or the demise of a landbridge between the Chukotka Peninsula and the Wrangel Island inferred from studies on mammoth distribution.
The crystal structure of 2,2’-(quinoxaline-2,3-diyl)dipyridinium dinitrate (Н
2
L
)(NO
3
)
2
is studied by X-ray diffraction (
T
= 150 K,
R
1 = 0.0467). The H
2
L
2+
cation is located on the twofold ...rotation axis and connected with two NO
3
−
anions by strong N–H···O hydrogen bonds. Planar quinoxaline fragments of cations form stacks with the interplanar spacing of 3.308 Å. The structure of the diprotonated H
2
L
2+
cation is compared with those of the monoprotonated H
2
L
2+
cation and neutral
L
molecule.
Immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of proapoptotic protein P53 and proliferation protein Ki-67 in human pineal gland showed that in people over 60 years pinealocyte proliferation is ...virtually absent. Moreover, pinealocyte apoptosis is more pronounced in elderly, whereas in senile and long-living individuals its intensity decreases.
For a number of systemic diseases accompanied by changes in the state of organs and tissues of the oral cavity, manifested more active over carious diseases, lesions of the oral mucosa and ...periodontal, dental plaque formation. Correlation analysis carried out in the ratio of chemical elements in dental plaque in patients with essential hypertension (EH), diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic pyelonephritis (KP). In individuals with different somatic diseases established differences in the ratio of chemical elements in the dental plaque. It proved that for hypertensive patients characterized by an increased content of cadmium, vanadium, selenium, and molybdenum, with reduced content of rubidium, silver, barium and chromium, diabetics have a higher content of copper and cadmium, and patients with chronic pyelonephritis distinguishes high content of cesium, indium, vanadium and arsenic under reduced content of silver, titanium, chromium, manganese and bromine. Solid dental deposits are irritating to the gum, the retention points are for the accumulation of dental plaque, disrupt the process of self-purification of the periodontal pocket. The elemental composition of dental plaque was studied on the equipment, the accredited Academy of Sciences to carry out research of the biological profile.
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