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Five morphotypes of fossil burrows are described from four beds of Eopleistocene paleosols from Sopaty Kurgan (Krasnodar krai, Russia). The architecture, ornamentation and diameter of fossil ...burrows was compared with a reference collection of modern burrows. The first morphotype is identified as
Nannospalax
sp. from its architecture, in particular, the shape of the lower junction of vertical shafts and tunnel diameter. The architecture (subhorizontal tunnels, absence of vertical ones), diameter and ornamentation of the second morphotype show affinities with the burrows of the modern water-vole,
Arvicola terrestris
; it possibly belongs to a large
Mimomys
sp
.
The third morphotype is identified as belonging to a large jerboa
Allactaga
sp. from the shape of the cross-section and diameter. The fourth morphotype is identified as a medium-large-sized arvicolid. The fifth morphotype is identified from the presence of spiral vertical tunnels as belonging to a mole-vole,
Ellobius
sp.
Phase equilibria, interdiffusion and structure in the initial uncured mixtures of epoxy oligomer-polysulfone-alkyl glycidyl ether were studied. Binodal curves were constructed on isothermal sections ...of the ternary phase diagram. Thermodynamic mixing parameters were calculated and spinodal curves were plotted. The interdiffusion coefficients of components, establishing the technological modes of mixing the components, were determined. To validate the phase diagram, the phase structure of mixtures, the composition of which at a temperature of 40 °C corresponds to heterogeneous and homogeneous regions, was studied.
Kinetics of austenite grain growth within a heat-affected zone is studied for low carbon low-alloy steels of different alloying composition. The effect of Ti/N ratio on the metal impact strength of ...the heat-affected zone is demonstrated.
This work presents an analytical methodology for the development of pipeline fitting welding modes, including the calculation of welding cooling rates and the assessment of steel response to the ...thermal cycle of welding processes. As a result, an optimal range of cooling rates ensuring the formation of a metal structure with the required mechanical properties in the heat-affected zone of the seam was determined.
The purpose of this article is to consider the cosmopolitan aspect of Yuri Kuznetsov’s early works. Kuznetsov was the Russian poet of the 2nd half of the 20th century. The main method of research for ...us is the method of ontological poetics, and elements of interdisciplinary and comparative analysis. It allows us to consider an artistic text in the context of consciousness and subconsciousness, archetypes and phenomena of the surrounding being. They, in turn, form a personal author’s myth. Yuri Kuznetsov creates his own poetic myth based on the real events of his own biography. In particular, the phenomenon of war has a key influence on it. The author is a “children of war” generation representative (born in 1941). His father died at the front in 1944. This fact determines Yuri Kuznetsov’s further outlook and path in literature. The article examines a number of the poet’s early poems. The opposition of Nature and War concepts can already be traced to each other at this stage. The latter is portrayed as an unnatural phenomenon that hinders the development of personality. Nature symbolizes life and natural dynamics, and War symbolizes halt and death, lack of dynamics. It comes into direct conflict with the laws of Nature. The leitmotif of the poet’s early work is the idea of man and nature’s unity. Such unity, in the end, allows us to build a progressive cosmopolitan model of the Home-Universe. It consists of three parts: Family-Home, Motherland-Home, and Planet-Home. The cosmopolitan orientation of Yuri Kuznetsov’s poems is manifested in his craving for the idea of “world citizenship”. At the same time, the fundamentally important fact is not the rejection of the Motherland and one’s own cultural identity, but their inclusion in a common threefold ontological model. The article also attempts to compare Yuri Kuznetsov’s work with the ideas of Russian symbolism representatives of the early 20th century. Conclusion. Based on the interdisciplinary analysis of the literary text, here are the following research results: 1. In poet Yuri Kuznetsov’s early works there is a process of upward movement along the vertical axis: from the personal myth and the lyrical “I/me” to the universal human experience. The latter, at the same time, is a unifying factor leading to the formation of an anti-war position. 2. The poet’s early works use cosmopolitan motives in the context of the verb “to create” which is semantically equivalent to the verbs “to generate” and “to build”, as well as connotatively close to the ontological processes of dynamics and movement. The verb “to create” is also opposed to the concept of War and is considered as part of the author`s anti-war position. Creativity acts both as an anti-destructive manifesto and as a means of uniting elements of the artistic world scattered by war. We should note that the author’s artistic world is closely connected with his biography and personal family history. 3. Through creativity Yuri Kuznetsov attempts to comprehend the phenomenon of War in three interdependent contexts: family, country and planet (“all people”). This approach allows us to come to the conclusion that war is incompatible with the natural course of things, that is, in fact, with the laws of Nature. 4. The sphere of the unconscious plays a key role in the formation of the author’s anti-war position and the stepped three-part model of the House. One more important connotation of the verb “to create” is connected with it. This connotation can be defined as the process of integrating the personal author’s unconscious into the collective unconscious (“great”). At the same time, a prerequisite for successful integration is a “storm”, a certain dynamic involving vertical ascent. The conclusions of such integration lead the author to the idea of “world citizenship” and universal interconnection. This, in turn, forms an anti-war position based on the similarity of the two sides in the “friend-foe” opposition.
The authors have studied the microstructure and properties of the welded joints obtained by laser-hybrid welding (LHW) in combination with submerged multi-arc welding (SMAW) and by the classical ...method. The potential of using a LHW/SMAW combination were demonstrated in an attempt to increase the resistance of welded joints to brittle fracture, provide uniform structural and phase composition of the weld and heat affected zone (HAZ), and ensure that the strength and plastic properties of the welded joints are consistent with the corresponding parameters of the base metal.
Studies in many areas of particle and astroparticle physics require a good knowledge of hadron spectra produced at small angles to the primary particle direction, e.g. in the TeV energy range at the ...LHC. The present work is dedicated to development of a particle identification technique based on the transition radiation produced by highly relativistic particles. Dedicated experimental studies were carried out and simulation models were developed to reproduce experimental data obtained with different prototypes. On the basis of these studies, the possibility of making detectors able to provide hadron composition measurement with high accuracy and identify particles with high efficiency in the forward experiments at the LHC was demonstrated. Two concepts of large scale TRDs are proposed: the straw TRD and the GaAs/straw TRD. They allow the reconstruction of hadron spectra with accuracy about or below 1% and to identify particles with high efficiency in individual events. As an example, suppression of the combinatorial background was demonstrated for the D0→K−π+ and D̄0→K+π− decays.
Stress–strain diagrams for a pure nickel crystal have been studied versus temperature, strain rate, and size of a simulated computational cell under shear along the 〈111〉 direction by the molecular ...dynamics method. Shear in the model has been simulated by displacing atoms in the upper and lower parts of the computational cell in opposite directions. During the computer experiment, these parts move as a whole. For other boundaries of the computational cell, periodic boundary conditions have been set. Interatomic interactions have been described in terms of Cleri–Rosato many-particle potentials constructed in the tight-binding approximation. It has been shown that the shear rate less than 20 m/s has a weak influence on the theoretical strength at constant temperature. As the temperature grows, dislocations and plastic deformation in perfect crystals arise at lower strains. In addition, the temperature significantly influences the slope of the stress-strain curves in the elastic region because of the temperature dependence of the shear modulus. The temperature dependences of the theoretical strength and shear modulus obtained in this study are nearly linear, which agrees with data of real experiments. The shear modulus at normal temperature is also close to the reference value. At the given loading mode (shear along the 〈111〉 direction), dislocations arise in two slip systems. At sufficiently high strains, dislocations from one slip system participate in deformation twinning. Those from the other system are stopped by these twins, which, along with grain boundaries, are known as effective barriers for moving dislocations.
X-ray transition radiation detectors (TRDs) are used for particle identification in both high energy physics and astroparticle physics. In most of the detectors, emission of the X-ray transition ...radiation (TR) starts at Lorentz factors above γ∼500 and reaches saturation at γ∼2÷3⋅103. However, many experiments require particle identification up to γ∼105, which is very difficult to achieve with conventional detectors. Semiconductor pixel detectors offer a unique opportunity for precise simultaneous measurements of spectral and angular parameters of TR photons. Test beam studies of the energy and the angular distributions of TR photons emitted by electrons and muons of different momenta crossing several types of radiators were performed at the CERN SPS with a 480 μm thick silicon detector bonded to a Timepix3 chip. High resolution images of the energy−angle phase space of the TR produced by different radiators were obtained and compared with MC simulations. The characteristic interference patterns are in agreement with the theoretical models with an unprecedented level of details. The studies presented in this paper also show that simultaneous measurements of both the energy and the emission angles of the TR X-rays could be used to enhance the particle identification performances of TRDs.
A study of the morphology of the metal structure in the near-seam section of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) is performed by simulating pipe manufacture. The influence of microstructure on HAZ metal ...resistance to brittle fracture is estimated. Causes for low values of the impact toughness of the HAZ metal are revealed as well as the possibility of improvement by carrying out post-welded metal local heat treatment.
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