Isolated endophyte fungi from
Mappia foetida
have been explored as a potential source for the mass production of anticancer drug lead compounds in the current study. Since medical plants are not ...feasible economically for mass production of bioactive pharmaceutical important molecules using plant tissue culture due to factors like media design and fungal contamination, endophyte fungal mass culture have been an alternative for the relatively easy and inexpensive production. Two endophytic fungi isolated, Alternaria alternata and Fusarium species were mass cultured and their prepared alcoholic extract subjected to standard procedures to identify the phytochemical screening by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), UV visible spectrophotometry (UV–VIS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of three major compounds in the extracts. The phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of an anticancer compound (camptothecin) in their extract. Moreover, the dose-dependent anticancer activity of ethanol extract was demonstrated against cervical carcinoma (HeLa), breast carcinoma (MCF-7), non-small cell lung carcinoma (H1975), and hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Hep G2) by MTT assay where doxorubicin was used as the positive control. Furthermore, the microscopic examination also confirmed the cytotoxic effect of extract of endophytic fungi
Alternaria alternata
and
Fusarium species
against tested cancer cells. Hence, endophytic fungi
Alternaria alternata
and
Fusarium species
might be exploited for mass production of phytochemicals having anticancer activity.
The current study aims to explore the antimicrobial and anticancer activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles (B-AgNPs) synthesized using Bael leaf extract. AgNPs nanoparticles characterized using ...FESEM, TEM, XRD, and UV-Spectrophotometry. TEM analysis revealed that B-AgNPs were predominantly spheroidal with particle size distribution in the range of 7-10 nm. In MTT assay, when B-AgNPs were applied in colon cancer (HCT-116) cells and human colon epithelial cell line (FHC) cells. B-AgNPs exhibited specific cytotoxicity to HCT-116 as minimal effect observed in normal FHC cells. Moreover, the fluorescence microscopic examination after nucleus staining as well as DNA fragmentation also confirmed AgNPs spectific cytotoxicity towards HCT-116. Further, AgNPs demonstrated excellent antibiofilm and antibacterial activity in both Gram-Positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Hence, overall, we categorically concluded that the biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized using Bael leaf extract possess multiple biological activities and might be possibly used as multipurpose therapeutic material with no or little systemic toxicity.
