The Cancer Within examines cervical cancer in Romania as a
point of entry into an anthropological reflection on contemporary
health care. Cervical cancer prevention reveals the inner workings
of ...emerging post-communist medicine, which aligns the state and the
market, public and private health care providers, policy makers,
and ordinary women. Fashioned by patriarchal relations, lived
religion, and the historical trauma of pronatalism, Romanian
women's responses to reproductive medicine and cervical cancer
prevention are complicated by neoliberal reforms to medical care.
Cervical cancer prevention - and especially the HPV vaccination -
provided Romanians a legitimate instance to express their
conflicting views of post-communist medicine. What sets Romania
apart is that pronatalism, patriarchy, lived religion, medical
reforms, and moral contestation of preventive medicine bring into
line systemic contingencies that expose the historical, social, and
cultural trajectories of cervical cancer.
Caspases are intracellular proteases that propagate programmed cell death, proliferation, and inflammation. Activation of caspases occurs by a conserved mechanism subject to strict cellular ...regulation. Once activated by a specific stimulus, caspases execute limited proteolysis of downstream substrates to trigger a cascade of events that culminates in the desired biological response. Much has been learned of the mechanisms that govern the activation and regulation of caspases, and this minireview provides an update of these areas. We also delineate substantial gaps in knowledge of caspase function, which can be approached by techniques and experimental paradigms that are currently undergoing development.
Drawing on ethnographic findings from an American Orthodox Christian community, I examine how forms of intimate reproductive compromise facilitate the assertive refusal to negotiate on abortion. The ...American Orthodox harness the values and practices of biomedicine to validate their refusal of abortion, but their inflexible views emerge from prior compromises. By not giving up modern contraception, women self-fashion forms of piety that allow them to navigate composite identities while remaining dedicated to a pro-life stance. That steadfast refusal of abortion may be the consequence of previous concessions opens up new ways of theorizing refusal as inextricably bound to - rather than exclusive of - prior compromises.
This article locates the symbolic construction of “corrupted purity”—as a key assertion in Romanian parents’ HPV vaccination refusal narratives—within a multiplicity of entangled rumors concerning ...reproduction and the state. Romania's unsuccessful HPV vaccination campaign is not unique. However, the shifting discourses around purity and corruption—through which some parents conveyed anxieties about their daughters being targeted for the vaccine—place a particular twist on the Romanian case of resisting the HPV vaccination. Parental discourses took the form of clusters of rumors about state medicine's failure to provide adequate reproductive health care, additive‐laden foods, and exposure to radioactive contamination. In these rumors, corruption becomes literally embodied, through ingestion, consumption, contact, or inoculation. Parental discourses about what is being injected into their daughters’ pristine bodies express their uncertainty around navigating the unsettled post‐socialist medical landscape.
Caspase-8 has two opposing biological functions - it promotes cell death by triggering the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis, but also has a survival activity, as it is required for embryonic ...development
1
, T lymphocyte activation
2
, and resistance to necrosis induced by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF) and related family ligands
3
,
4
. Here we show that development of caspase-8-deficient mice is completely rescued by ablation of Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase-3 (RIPK3). Adult animals lacking both caspase-8 and RIPK3 display a progressive lymphoaccumulative disease resembling that seen with defects in CD95 or CD95-ligand, and resist the lethal effects of CD95 ligation in vivo. We have found that caspase-8 prevents RIPK3-dependent necrosis without inducing apoptosis by functioning in a proteolytically active complex with FLICE-Like Inhibitory Protein Long (FLIP
L
), and this complex is required for the protective function.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The Cancer Within examines cervical cancer in Romania as a
point of entry into an anthropological reflection on contemporary
health care. Cervical cancer prevention reveals the inner workings
of ...emerging post-communist medicine, which aligns the state and the
market, public and private health care providers, policy makers,
and ordinary women. Fashioned by patriarchal relations, lived
religion, and the historical trauma of pronatalism, Romanian
women's responses to reproductive medicine and cervical cancer
prevention are complicated by neoliberal reforms to medical care.
Cervical cancer prevention - and especially the HPV vaccination -
provided Romanians a legitimate instance to express their
conflicting views of post-communist medicine. What sets Romania
apart is that pronatalism, patriarchy, lived religion, medical
reforms, and moral contestation of preventive medicine bring into
line systemic contingencies that expose the historical, social, and
cultural trajectories of cervical cancer.
Ribosome profiling data report on the distribution of translating ribosomes, at steady‐state, with codon‐level resolution. We present a robust method to extract codon translation rates and protein ...synthesis rates from these data, and identify causal features associated with elongation and translation efficiency in physiological conditions in yeast. We show that neither elongation rate nor translational efficiency is improved by experimental manipulation of the abundance or body sequence of the rare AGG tRNA. Deletion of three of the four copies of the heavily used ACA tRNA shows a modest efficiency decrease that could be explained by other rate‐reducing signals at gene start. This suggests that correlation between codon bias and efficiency arises as selection for codons to utilize translation machinery efficiently in highly translated genes. We also show a correlation between efficiency and RNA structure calculated both computationally and from recent structure probing data, as well as the Kozak initiation motif, which may comprise a mechanism to regulate initiation.
Synopsis
Ribosome profiling experiments in wild‐type yeast and in mutants with altered tRNA levels illustrate that neither elongation rate nor translational efficiency is affected by tRNA abundance under physiological conditions.
A novel statistical model provides robust inference of codon translation rates and protein synthesis rates and hence better measures translation efficiency.
Codon translation rates have insignificant correlation with measures of codon bias.
Direct experimental manipulation of tRNA abundance does not affect elongation rates on affected codons or translation efficiency of overall genes.
Other sequence signals, such as mRNA structure and an initiation sequence motif, correlate to translation efficiency and may be causal determinants.
Ribosome profiling experiments in wild‐type yeast and in mutants with altered tRNA levels illustrate that neither elongation rate nor translational efficiency is affected by tRNA abundance under physiological conditions.
Two-thirds of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients with distant metastases would be classified as radioactive iodine-refractory (RAIR-DTC), evolving into a poor outcome. Recent advances ...underlying DTC molecular mechanisms have shifted the therapy focus from the standard approach to targeting specific genetic dysregulations. Lenvatinib and sorafenib are first-line, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) approved to treat advanced, progressive RAIR-DTC. However, other anti-angiogenic drugs, including single targeted TKIs, are currently being evaluated as alternative or salvage therapy after the failure of first-line TKIs. Combinatorial therapy of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling cascade inhibitors has become a highly advocated strategy to improve the low efficiency of the single agent treatment. Recent studies pointed out targetable alternative pathways to overcome the resistance to MAPK and PI3K pathways' inhibitors. Because radioiodine resistance originates in DTC loss of differentiation, redifferentiation therapies are currently being explored for efficacy. The present review will summarize the conventional management of DTC, the first-line and alternative TKIs in RAIR-DTC, and the approaches that seek to overcome the resistance to MAPK and PI3K pathways' inhibitors. We also aim to emphasize the latest achievements in the research of redifferentiation therapy, immunotherapy, and agents targeting gene rearrangements in advanced DTC.
Sunflower oil (
) contains a rich concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are susceptible to rapid oxidative processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stabilizing effect of ...lipophilic extracts from two types of berries, sea buckthorn and rose hips, on sunflower oil. This research included the analysis of sunflower oil oxidation products and mechanisms, including the determination of chemical changes occurring in the lipid oxidation process via LC-MS/MS using electrospray ionization in negative and positive mode. Pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, and nonanal were identified as key compounds formed during oxidation. The individual profiles of the carotenoids from sea buckthorn berries were determined using RP-HPLC. The influence of the carotenoid extraction parameters ascertained from the berries on the oxidative stability of sunflower oil was analyzed. The dynamics of the accumulation of the primary and secondary products of lipid oxidation and the variation of the carotenoid pigment content in the lipophilic extracts of sea buckthorn and rose hips during storage demonstrated good stability at 4 °C in the absence of light for 12 months. The experimental results were applied to mathematical modeling using fuzzy sets and mutual information analysis, which allowed for the prediction of the oxidation of sunflower oil.
The household prosumers' decentralized cooperation and aggregation in energy communities are essential to increase renewable energy penetration and to ensure a successful energy transition. Despite ...their potential, the prosumers are not motivated to participate in local energy value chains due to the lack of trust and decentralized cooperation models for meeting community welfare and sustainability preferences, most innovation efforts being focused on financial incentives that are anyway very low. In this paper, we propose a solution for prosumers' decentralized coordination in self-sufficient energy communities using cooperative games on top of a blockchain overlay that considers their complementary energy features and flexibility mobilization. The proposed model for community-level local energy balance fits well in circumstances in which there is a strong motivation in the community to prioritize sustainability and environmental concerns and reduce dependence on external energy. We define a governance model to support the decentralized self-organization of prosumers in coalitions for balancing the renewable generation and demand while considering via tokenization factors that go beyond purely economic motivations and foster cooperation and collaboration among the prosumers in the community. Self-enforcing contracts are used to implement the cooperative game model enabling the decentralized management of prosumers' coalitions for optimized tokens-based payoff distribution towards self-sufficiency. The evaluation results show our solution's effectiveness in facilitating the prosumers cooperation in self-sufficient coalitions achieving a minimal difference between the energy consumption and production in the community of approximately 0.01%, with a low transactional time overhead.
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