Over the last few decades, isolations and chemical characterizations of secondary metabolites with proved biological activities have been of interest for numerous research groups across the world. ...Phenolics, as one of the largest and most widely distributed group of phytochemicals, have gained special attention due to their pharmacological activity and array of health-promoting benefits. Reports on phenolic potentials of marine algae, especially brown algae (Pheophyceae) that are characterized by the presence of phlorotannins, are still scarce. The aim of this review paper is to provide an overview of current knowledge about phenolic potential of different brown algae species (74 species from 7 different orders). Studies on brown algae phenolics usually involve few species, thus the focus of this review is to provide information about the phenolic potential of reported algae species and to get an insight into some issues related to the applied extraction procedures and determination/quantification methods to facilitate the comparison of results from different studies. The information provided through this review should be useful for the design and interpretation of studies investigating the brown algae as a source of valuable phytochemicals.
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are widely used tools to conserve marine ecosystems and their services. They are complex socio-ecological systems where human activities and nature interact. Croatia has ...409 protected areas, of which 19 are coastal-marine. The aim of this paper is to analyze the management model of MPAs in Croatia and to identify their strengths and weaknesses. For this purpose, three MPAs have been chosen: Brijuni National Park, Telašćica Nature Park, and Pakleni Islands Significant Landscape. The methodology used assesses 26 specific indicators to analyze the status of 4 key factors: management body, planning subprocess, public participation, and implementation subprocess. The results of this evaluation are 5 possible scenarios: proactive (1), learning (2), interactive (3), centralized (4), and formal (5) management. The results show that Brijuni presents a proactive scenario (1), Telašćica an interactive scenario (3), and Pakleni Islands a centralized scenario (4). A series of measures are presented, which can improve the score. In general, MPA management in Croatia tends towards a proactive model, where the management body is its greatest strength. There is a shift from a top-down to a bottom-up approach, which implies a greater involvement of the population in decision-making. However, public participation is not yet fully consolidated.
Chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) with the Biokovo Nature Park is one of the largest and most stable populations of chamois in Croatia. Reintroduced in year 1964, and present estimated population size ...is estimated at 350 to 400 individuals. Estimate of population size is very important, since the animals inhabit and are often distributed across forest habitats, it is sometimes difficult and/or very expensive. Therefore, our objective was use of sensor cameras to estimate population density and population structure of chamois on the Biokovo mountain. The study was conducted in summer 2011th year, with three sensor cameras in three different localities. The cameras have recorded a total of 1003 JPEG images. During monitoring, we recorded 164 different individuals of chamois, of which there are 119 female and 45 male specimens. Daily dynamics of arriving was the highest in two periods, morning between 06:00 and 08:00, and in the evening between 18:00 and 20:00. The results of sensor cameras can be considered valid, and are extremely technical aid for the better management and protection of animal species, because we have data on the structure of the population.
The warty venus (Venus verrucosa Linnaeus, 1758) is commercially one of the most important bivalves in the Mediterranean Sea. Studies of reproductive cycle and gonad development of this species were ...conducted in Kaštela Bay, eastern Adriatic Sea, in a period between March 2009 and February 2010. We analysed sex ratios, gonad developmental stages, perimeter of the oocytes, and length at sexual maturity using standard histological techniques. Sex ratios did not significantly deviate from the proportion of 1 : 1 (χ
2
=0.228, p=0.632) and hermaphroditic animals were not found. Venus verrucosa showed continuous annual gametogenic activity, without a resting period. Mean values of oocyte perimeter ranged from 163.7±72.4 µm in March to 370.57±95.16 µm in October. Significant correlation was found between mean gonad indices and temperature. Changes in condition index approximately followed changes in the reproductive cycle, while observed decrease in condition index in the period from July to November reflected prolongation of the spawning period. Although the reproductive cycle of V. verrucosa has been studied in other parts of the Mediterranean previously, this study provides the first qualitative data on maturation stages for this species in the eastern Adriatic as well as quantitative data on oocyte perimeters, that were not included in previous investigations.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The three year variability of fruits and seeds was investigated in Berberis croatica (Vošac, Mt Biokovo, Rakov Potok near Zagreb) and in B. vulgaris (Fran Kušan Pharmaceutical Botanical Garden in ...Zagreb). Berberis croatica had the following dimensions of fruits (seeds): length 7.28-7.88 (4.57-5.03) mm; width 3.85-3.99 (width 1: 2.06-2.20; width 2: 1.44-1.63) mm; weight 0.065-0.078 (0.0116-0.0134) g. Dimensions of B. vulgaris fruits (seeds) were: length 10.20-11.29 (5.71-6.24) mm; width 5.29-5.83 (width 1: 2.40-2.71; width 2: 1.60-1.98) mm; weight 0.1602-0.2199 (0.0146-0.0235) g. The fruit shape of both species was similar and the length/width ratio was 1.91-2.04 in B. croatica and 1.77-2.07 in B. vulgaris. The number of seeds per fruit was 1.23-1.58 in B. croatica and 1.36-1.54 in B. vulgaris. Generally, fruits and seeds of B. vulgaris were significantly longer, wider and heavier than fruits and seeds of B. croatica. ANOVA showed significant statistical differences between populations for all analyzed fruit and seed traits while the species significantly differed in all traits, except in the fruit shape and number of seeds in fruit.
Chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) with the Biokovo Nature Park is one of the largest and most stable populations of chamois in Croatia. Reintroduced in year 1964, and present estimated population size ...is estimated at 350 to 400 individuals. Estimating population size is very important and sometimes very expensive, since the animals are distributed across habitats. Therefore, our objective was use of sensor cameras to estimate population density and structure of chamois on the Biokovo Mountain. The study was conducted in summer 2011th year, with three sensor cameras in three different locations. The cameras have recorded a total of 1.003 JPEG images. During monitoring, we recorded 72 different individuals of chamois, of which there are 46 female and 26 male specimens. Daily dynamics of arriving was the highest in two periods, morning between 6 and 8 am, and in the evening between 6 and 8 pm. The results of sensor cameras can be considered valid, and are of extreme technical assistance for the better management and protection of animal species, because we have data on the structure of the population.
Background/Aim: Around 15-20 % of couples worldwide struggle with infertility, a difficult and aggravating gynaecological issue. Conception occurs in both partners, male and female, as they are both ...responsible for conception. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of hysterosalpingography (HSG) in the detection of tubal infertility factors, by comparing the findings of HSG with the findings of laparoscopy (LPSC). Methods: A retrospective study from 1st January 2018, to 31st December 2019, is presented. Infertile patients who underwent LPSC, HSG and ultrasound to evaluate sterility during this timeframe were included in the research. Results: The study involved 63 infertile patients with a mean lifespan of 33.3 ± 4.7 years. The conclusions of LPSC and HSG, in general, were in good correlation and the percentage of agreement among the diagnostic procedures was 77.8 %. In the case of dichotomous categories, there is a good alignment between LPSC and HSG results with a percentage of 85.7 %. Hydrosalpinx: The findings of LPSC and HSG are quite similar. The percentage of agreement among the diagnostic techniques used was 79.2 %. Canal obturation: LPSC and HSG results are in good correlation with a percentage of 78.6 %. Terminal obturation: LPSC and HSG results are also in good agreement with the calculated percentage of 82.1 %. Conclusion: In determining tubal sterility factors, there is considerable consistency between LPSC and HSG results (c = 0.68; 95 % CI 0.54-0.83). There is a good correlation between LPSC and HSG findings of dichotomous categories (ch2 = 0.63; 95 % CI: 0.41-0.86). 86.2 % of subjects with peritubular appendages and 8.8 % of subjects without peritubular appendages had hydrosalpinx, which is a statistically significant difference (ch2 = 37.957; p < 0.001). Between LPSC and HSG data, there is a good agreement in the diagnosis of hydrosalpinx (c = 0.64; 95 % CI: 0.38-0.91).
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