The article presents the results of the study of the peculiarities of the psycho-emotional state of the population and the determination of the factors for reducing the destructive impact of negative ...emotions in society in the conditions of war. The research methodology involves: determination of indicators of psycho-emotional states of the population and internally displaced persons; identification and assessment of the intensity of current social fears in Ukrainian society; determination of factors for reducing the destructive impact of negative emotions in society in the conditions of a long-term war. Peculiarities of the psycho-emotional state of the population have been determined: high level of anxiety and frustration, rejection of changes in the life situation; high intensity of social fears of =loss of loved ones, death, war, occupation and forced displace- ment; increased risk of depressive, psychosomatic and behavioral disorders, PTSD. The leading factors of reducing the destructive impact of the negative psycho-emotional state of Ukrainian society, which can act as mechanisms and tools for overcoming the psychosocial consequences of the war, are identified: institutional (creation of a network of centers and institutions for psychological assistance to the population); educational and personnel (training of qualified specialists in psychosocial support in war conditions, adaptation of educational programs to the cognitive and psychoemotional consequences of children with traumatic experiences); informative and educational (strengthening of the positive-emotional background in the information space).
A supermassive black hole, obscured by cosmic dust, powers the nearby active galaxy NGC 1068. Neutrinos, which rarely interact with matter, could provide information on the galaxy’s active core. We ...searched for neutrino emission from astrophysical objects using data recorded with the IceCube neutrino detector between 2011 and 2020. The positions of 110 known gamma-ray sources were individually searched for neutrino detections above atmospheric and cosmic backgrounds. We found that NGC 1068 has an excess of
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neutrinos at tera–electron volt energies, with a global significance of 4.2σ, which we interpret as associated with the active galaxy. The flux of high-energy neutrinos that we measured from NGC 1068 is more than an order of magnitude higher than the upper limit on emissions of tera–electron volt gamma rays from this source.
Nearby active galaxy emits neutrinos
Observations have shown a diffuse background of high-energy neutrinos, which is known to be of extragalactic origin. However, it has been difficult to identify individual sources that contribute to this background. The IceCube Collaboration reanalyzed the arrival directions of astrophysical neutrinos and then searched for point sources (see the Perspective by Murase). They identified evidence for neutrino emission from NGC 1068 (also known as Messier 77), a nearby active galaxy. Its properties are quite different from TXS 0506+056, which was found to be a neutrino source in 2018, leading the investigators to suggest that there might be more than one population contributing to the neutrino background. —KTS
The arrival directions of astrophysical neutrinos indicate point source neutrino emission from NGC 1068.
The article presents the study results of the negative impact of armed conflict on society. The research methodology involves assessing the level of psychosocial well-being of the population and ...internally displaced persons; identification and assessment of mgent psychosocial problems and needs affected by the war in Ukraine: identification of mechanisms for overcoming the negative psychosocial consequences of the armed conflict. The following psychosocial consequences of the armed conflict for Ukrainian society have been identified: low level of psychological well-being, socio-economic and humanitarian problems, personal security problems, acute psychological experiences associated with traumatic experiences, psychological problems of children, emotional problems, problems of social adaptation to new conditions of existence. It is noted that the impact of certain negative psychosocial consequences increases the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder among categories of the population (internally displaced persons, combatants, children with traumatic experience. victims of violence, torture, captivity). It has been determined that in order to overcome the negative psychosocial consequences of an armed conflict, it is necessary to develop and implement a comprehensive system of psychosocial assistance to war victims through the implementation of the following mechanisms: educational and personnel mechanisms (training and retraining of specialists in the field of psychosocial support), institutional mechanisms (formation of a network of centers' and institutions providing social and psychological assistance), scientific and methodological mechanisms (implementation of best practices in the field of psychosocial assistance to armed conflict victims), organizational and managerial mechanisms (improvement of the management system in the field of psychosocial assistance).
The results of a 3 + 1 sterile neutrino search using eight years of data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory are presented. A total of 305 735 muon neutrino events are analyzed in reconstructed ...energy-zenith space to test for signatures of a matter-enhanced oscillation that would occur given a sterile neutrino state with a mass-squared differences between 0.01 and 100 eV2. The best-fit point is found to be at sin2(2θ24) = 0.10 and Δm412 = 4.5 eV2, which is consistent with the no sterile neutrino hypothesis with a p value of 8.0%.
Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are considered as promising sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) due to their large power output. Observing a neutrino flux from GRBs would offer ...evidence that GRBs are hadronic accelerators of UHECRs. Previous IceCube analyses, which primarily focused on neutrinos arriving in temporal coincidence with the prompt gamma-rays, found no significant neutrino excess. The four analyses presented in this paper extend the region of interest to 14 days before and after the prompt phase, including generic extended time windows and targeted precursor searches. GRBs were selected between 2011 May and 2018 October to align with the data set of candidate muon-neutrino events observed by IceCube. No evidence of correlation between neutrino events and GRBs was found in these analyses. Limits are set to constrain the contribution of the cosmic GRB population to the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux observed by IceCube. Prompt neutrino emission from GRBs is limited to ≲1% of the observed diffuse neutrino flux, and emission on timescales up to 10
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s is constrained to 24% of the total diffuse flux.
High-energy tau neutrinos are rarely produced in atmospheric cosmic-ray showers or at cosmic particle accelerators, but are expected to emerge during neutrino propagation over cosmic distances due to ...flavor mixing. When high energy tau neutrinos interact inside the IceCube detector, two spatially separated energy depositions may be resolved, the first from the charged current interaction and the second from the tau lepton decay. We report a novel analysis of 7.5 years of IceCube data that identifies two candidate tau neutrinos among the 60 “High-Energy Starting Events” (HESE) collected during that period. The HESE sample offers high purity, all-sky sensitivity, and distinct observational signatures for each neutrino flavor, enabling a new measurement of the flavor composition. The measured astrophysical neutrino flavor composition is consistent with expectations, and an astrophysical tau neutrino flux is indicated at 2.8
σ
significance.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The sources of the majority of the high-energy astrophysical neutrinos observed with the IceCube neutrino telescope at the South Pole are unknown. So far, only a flaring gamma-ray blazar was ...compellingly associated with the emission of high-energy neutrinos. However, several studies suggest that the neutrino emission from the gamma-ray blazar population only accounts for a small fraction of the total astrophysical neutrino flux. In this work we probe the production of high-energy neutrinos in the cores of active galactic nuclei (AGN), induced by accelerated cosmic rays in the accretion disk region. We present a likelihood analysis based on eight years of IceCube data, searching for a cumulative neutrino signal from three AGN samples created for this work. The neutrino emission is assumed to be proportional to the accretion disk luminosity estimated from the soft x-ray flux. Next to the observed soft x-ray flux, the objects for the three samples have been selected based on their radio emission and infrared color properties. For the largest sample in this search, an excess of high-energy neutrino events with respect to an isotropic background of atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos is found, corresponding to a post-trial significance of 2.60σ. If interpreted as a genuine signal with the assumptions of a proportionality of x-ray and neutrino fluxes and a model for the subthreshold flux distribution, then this observation implies that at 100 TeV, 27%–100% of the observed neutrinos arise from particle acceleration in the core of AGN at 1σ confidence interval.
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