This paper offers an economic valuation for the production of stainless electrodes type E308L, E309, E312 and E316L. for small and middle companies (PIME). The significant part of the present ...valuation gives the results obtained in the production of semi-synthetic electrodes, using just one type of stainless wire (308L) and adding the ferroalloys needed in the coat. The results shown are based on investigation experiences, production and trading of companies with a capacity for 200 T/year. so it is very difficult to enter in the market using the same technological procedures of a big company with higher capital and financial resources.
En el presente trabajo se brinda una valoración económica para la producción de electrodos austeníticos inoxidables tipos
E308L, E309, E312 y E316L en las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PIME). Lo ...significativo de la presente valoración es
que se brindan los resultados obtenidos al fabricar los electrodos de forma semisintética; es decir, utilizando un solo tipo de
alambre inoxidable (308L) y añadiendo las ferroaleaciones necesarias en el revestimiento. Los resultados que se muestran
están basados en las experiencias de investigación, producción y comercialización de una planta con capacidad para 200
toneladas al año, a la cual le es muy difícil insertarse en el mercado utilizando los mismos procedimientos tecnológicos y
financieros de una gran empresa con grandes capitales y recursos.
Palabras claves: Electrodos austeníticos inoxidables, electrodos sintéticos, ferroaleaciones, electrodos
semisintéticos, electrodos convencionales, metal depositado.___________________________________________________________________Abstract.
This paper offers an economic valuation for the production of stainless electrodes type E308L, E309, E312 and E316L,
for small and middle companies (PIME). The significant part of the present valuation gives the results obtained in the
production of semi-synthetic electrodes; using just one type of stainless wire (308L) and adding the ferroalloys needed
in the coat. The results shown are based on investigation experiences, production and trading of companies with a
capacity for 200 T/year, so it is very difficult to enter in the market using the same technological procedures of a big
company with higher capital and financial resources.
Key words: Nonrusting austenistic electrodes, sintetic electrodes, semisintetic electrodes, iron alloy,
conventional electrodes, metal deposition.
We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFPC2 photometry of 13 microlensed source stars from the 5.7 year Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) survey conducted by the MACHO Project. The microlensing source ...stars are identified by deriving accurate centroids in the ground-based MACHO images using difference image analysis (DIA) and then transforming the DIA coordinates to the HST frame. None of these sources is coincident with a background galaxy, which rules out the possibility that the MACHO LMC microlensing sample is contaminated with misidentified supernovae or AGN in galaxies behind the LMC. This supports the conclusion that the MACHO LMC microlensing sample has only a small amount of contamination due to non-microlensing forms of variability. We compare the WFPC2 source star magnitudes with the lensed flux predictions derived from microlensing fits to the light curve data. In most cases the source star brightness is accurately predicted. Finally, we develop a statistic which constrains the location of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) microlensing source stars with respect to the distributions of stars and dust in the LMC and compare this to the predictions of various models of LMC microlensing. This test excludes at > 90% confidence level models where more than 80% of the source stars lie behind the LMC. Exotic models that attempt to explain the excess LMC microlensing optical depth seen by MACHO with a population of background sources are disfavored or excluded by this test. Models in which most of the lenses reside in a halo or spheroid distribution associated with either the Milky Way or the LMC are consistent which these data, but LMC halo or spheroid models are favored by the combined MACHO and EROS microlensing results.
We present UBV photometry of the eclipsing binary Harvard Variable 2274 in
the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). The stellar parameters of this binary system
were calculated by Guinan et al. (1998a) who ...gave both a reddening towards HV
2274 of E(B-V) = 0.083 +/- 0.006 and a distance modulus to the LMC, mu_{LMC} =
18.42 +/- 0.007. The reddening of this system was also determined by Udalski et
al. (1998) who found E(B-V) = 0.149 +\- 0.015. With Udalski et al. (1998) B and
V photometry Guinan et al.(1998b) obtained E(B-V) = 0.120 +\- 0.009 and
mu_{LMC} = 18.30 +\- 0.07. Using our UBV photometry, we derive a reddening of
E(B-V)= 0.088 +\- 0.025, consistent with the original value of Guinan et al.
(1998a) and supporting a longer distance modulus to the LMC of about mu_{LMC} =
18.40 +\- 0.07. We stress the uncertainties inherent in ground-based UBV
photometry and the concomitant uncertainties in determining distances based
upon such photometry.
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