New unconventional T-shaped non-symmetrical dimeric liquid crystalline compounds have been synthesised and their thermotropic properties studied on the hot-stage of a polarising microscope. These ...compounds consist of an azo-ester mesogenic unit with a range of terminal substituents (-CH
3
, -OCH
3
, -NO
2
or -Cl) at one end, interconnected by a flexible spacer (n = 4, 5 or 10) via ether and ester linking units to a biphenyl moiety at the lateral hydroxyl position of the azo-ester. All the compounds were characterised using a combination of elemental analysis and standard spectroscopic methods. The compounds were found to exhibit enantiotropic nematic and smectic mesophases. The effect of different terminal substituents on mesomorphism is discussed.
In this manuscript, a comparative study has been done to find the difference between Radar Imaging Satellite (RISAT-1) derived wind speeds with the winds simulated by Global Forecast System (GFS) ...model. Though the grid resolution of GFS is presently 12.5 km, the model outputs for the mentioned RISAT-1 period are available at 25 km. The RISAT-1 wind speed were retrieved using the wind retrieval algorithm developed at Space Applications Centre (SAC). The high resolution (~ 1 km) wind speed were retrieved using an empirical C-band Geophysical Model Function (GMF), CMOD5.N. The GMF is tuned to provide the neutral wind speed valid at 10 m above the sea surface, and therefore GFS derived wind speeds are converted to equivalent neutral wind speed at 10 m. A separate comparative study has been made for different seasons like Pre-monsoon, Monsoon, and Post-monsoon over the Indian Ocean. The comparison of collocated RISAT-1 and GFS wind speed results in wind speed bias as − 0.7 m/s, − 1.8 m/s and − 0.5 m/s with corresponding Root Mean Square Difference (RMSD) 2.2 m/s, 3.0 m/s and 1.9 m/s, respectively, for pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons. The comparison results show a little bit more difference in comparison with the earlier study carried out for wind speed validation using satellite observation and buoy observations because GFS winds have their own limitation. This study shows the more difference in wind speed between RISAT-1 and GFS during monsoon season as one may find the rapid variability in winds during this season.
An outstanding problem in the heavy-ion (HI)-induced nuclear reactions is understanding the role of incomplete fusion (ICF) and its dependence on various entrance channel parameters relatively at ...energies slightly above the Coulomb barrier. For this purpose, the excitation functions (EFs) of reaction residues populated in
14
N+
51
V system have been measured at energies
≈
3–6 MeV/nucleon. The stacked foil activation technique followed by an off-line
γ
-ray spectrometer with a high-resolution HPGe detector has been employed. The measured excitation functions are compared with the theoretical predictions, obtained from statistical model codes PACE4 and ALICE-91. The analysis of the present work suggests that the experimental excitation functions for xn and/or pxn channels are grossly reproduced by the theoretical predictions. However, for
α
-emitting-channels, the measured EFs are found to be underestimated by the statistical predictions which may be attributed to the breakup fusion of the projectile with the target nucleus. For a better understanding of ICF reaction dynamics, the percentage of ICF fraction has been deduced. The present study in light of the literature data provides insight into the dependence of ICF processes on the projectile structure. Further, some physical parameters such as mass asymmetry of interacting partners, Coulomb interaction between projectile and target (
Z
P
Z
T
), and the target deformation parameter (
β
2
) are also found liable for projectile breakup prior to fusion.
•The limiter based ADITYA tokamak has been upgraded in the divertor configured ADITYA-U tokamak.•The main modification in ADITYA is the replacement of old rectangular cross section vacuum vessel by ...new circular cross section vacuum vessel to accommodate divertor coils.•The ADITYA-U vessel has been designed with 111 port openings including 4 tangential ports.•The final acceptable tests had been carried out with local leak rate <5×10−10mbarl/s and UHV test as <10−9mbar.•The vessel had been installed in ADITYA-U tokamak structure.
Limiter based ADITYA tokamak has been upgraded in the divertor configured ADITYA-U tokamak. The ADITYA tokamak upgradation includes the replacement of rectangular cross section vacuum vessel by circular cross section vacuum vessel to accommodate additional poloidal (divertor) coils in space between the new vessel and toroidal field coils. The major radius (0.75m) and minor radius (0.25m) has been kept same as of old torus so as to accommodate the new torus inside the toroidal field coils. In order to accommodate as many numbers of diagnostics as possible, the ADITYA-U vessel is designed to have 111 port openings directly on the vessel. The leak proof, UHV condition, precise dimensions and lots of weld and demountable joints in the new vessel made the fabrication job very challenging. The ADITYA-U vacuum vessel of SS304L has been precisely fabricated as per IPR design by Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd. under the supervision of IPR scientists. The factory and IPR site acceptance tests of new vessel had been completed successfully, such as dimensional measurement, leak test, pressure, baking. The final acceptable tests had been carried out successfully as results of local leak rate <5×10−10mbarl/s and global leak rate <5×10−8mbar.l/s, UHV test as <10−9mbar, vessel baking >150°C. After external testing, the vessel has been installed successfully in ADITYA-U tokamak structure. In this paper, we present the all details of ADITYA-U vacuum vessel like design, analysis, fabrication, acceptance, installation and operation to ascertain its suitability for the plasma experiments.
This study aims at the development of efficient, biocompatible, biodegradable and bio-safe polymeric carriers for investigating the pharmaceutical potentialities of bioflavonoid quercetin in ...antidiabetic research. In this article, two cost effective polymers, sodium alginate and a modified chitosan derivative (succinyl chitosan) were used for encapsulating quercetin through ionic crosslinking. In vitro biophysical characterizations like Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), swelling index, drug entrapment and loading efficiency were investigated. The prepared micro-formulations could efficiently encapsulate 94% quercetin and showed pH sensitive and self-sustained release of encapsulated quercetin, protecting it from the harsh environment and enzymatic deactivation in the gastrointestinal tract. An in vivo pharmacological study revealed a pronounced hypoglycemia effect in a diabetic rat model after peroral delivery of the quercetin microparticles in comparison to free quercetin. No acute systemic toxicity is evident following its oral administration in rats, ensuring it as an efficient carrier for oral quercetin carrier system in animal models.
This article describes synthesis and characterization of three oxidovanadium(IV) complexes using BPA (BPA = 2,2'-bis(pyridylmethyl)amine), 2,2-bipyridyl and 1,10-phenanthroline. These complexes were ...characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic (UV-vis, IR and EPR) and electrochemical methods. Room temperature magnetic susceptibility data show the paramagnetic nature of the complexes. Complexes were also characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectral techniques. The optimized molecular structures show the presence of N
3
O
3
/N
5
O donor atoms in six-coordinate geometry. These complexes were evaluated and compared using thermogravimetric analysis and powder X-ray diffraction techniques. The species exhibit only one-electron reduction wave at a more negative potential. The catalytic activity of these complexes was also explored to mimic α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity. Moderate α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors are shown by all complexes. These observations are expected to expand the possibility of designing new oxidovanadium(IV) complexes with significant anti-diabetic properties.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Synthesis of new series of azo naphthyl derivatives with bromoalkoxy tail.•DSC and POM techniques were used to examine liquid crystalline properties.•4e shows reversible photoisomerization, makes it ...suitable for optoelectronics.•Determination of refractive index and dielectric constant for optical properties.•Theoretical models aid in identifying excellent mesogenic dielectric materials.
One new homologous series of mesogenic bromoalkoxy terminated naphthyl derivatives containing flexible spacers as well as azo and ether linkages was synthesized by the etherification of an azo dye (E)-4-(naphthalen-2-yldiazenyl) phenol with various α, ω-dibromo-alkanes, respectively. Compounds in the present work were convinced with respective right structures confirmed with various spectroscopic techniques. Thermotropic properties of the compounds were investigated. Among all the compounds, compounds with flexible spacer (n = 4, 5, 6) exhibited excellent liquid crystalline nature. Structure–property relationships, the influence of different flexible spacers, the mesophase ranges and the photo-isomerization of liquid crystalline compounds were studied. The photophysical behavior was gained by UV–visible spectroscopy and optical properties were determined with a spectroscopic ellipsometer. Computational studies of all molecular structures were performed with satisfactory explanation to attribute mesogenic and optical properties. It's worth noting that synthesized mesogenic materials are excellent dielectrics making them suitable for electronic and industrial applications, as well as having a suitable refractive index making them suitable for light-guiding phenomena.
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To assess the outcome of patients undergoing bilateral adrenalectomy for Cushing's syndrome (CS).
All patients who underwent bilateral adrenalectomy for CS at the Department of Endocrine Surgery, ...Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences hospital between 1991 and 2013 were included. Medical records were reviewed to obtain patient characteristics and follow-up data.
Twenty-seven patients were studied. Mean age was 28.74 ± 12.95 years (range 9-60), male:female ratio was 1.7:1. About half that is, 48.19% were of Cushing's disease (failed trans-sphenoidal surgery TSS), 37.04% were of ectopic CS (ECS), and 14.81% were of CS due to bilateral adrenal pathology. Median follow-up period was 80.5 months. Before surgery, 74.1% patients had body mass index > which after surgery declined to <25 in 75% of them. Hypertension was present in 85.2% and after surgery resolved in 40%. Diabetes mellitus was present in 44.4% and after surgery resolved in 33% of them. Hirsutism and proximal muscle weakness were present in 55.6% and 70.4% patients, respectively, and after surgery improved markedly in all patients. Adrenal crisis developed in 36.3% and Nelson's syndrome in 41.7% patients during follow-up. Three patients died in perioperative period while three succumbed to the disease during follow-up. Two patients developed recurrence of endogenous cortisol production during the follow-up period.
Bilateral adrenalectomy is a valid treatment option for palliating severe symptoms in Pituitary Cushing's with failed TSS and unlocalized ECS but the procedure is curative for CS due to bilateral adrenal disease. Overall morbidity and mortality is higher than other endocrine operations. Co-morbidities tend to be more severe and are a risk factor for mortality during the time patient survives.
The expanded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope Patra, N N; Kanekar, N; Chengalur, J N ...
Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
03/2019, Letnik:
483, Številka:
3
Journal Article
PDF
