The PBM has increased fibroblast proliferation and accelerated wound closure as well as increased cell viability in the diabetic wounded group at 0 and 24 h postirradiation. ...cox-2, IL-6, and TNF-α ...were altered in PBM-treated fibroblasts as a time-dependent effect. ...this study shows window effect of the laser light to improve ATP production and mitochondrial oxygen consumption. ...the major strength of this study was to show that the use of PBMT-sMF can be useful in increasing functional capacity and decreasing inflammatory, muscle damage, and oxidative stress biomarkers in CrossFit® athletes.
Although the standard treatment for periodontal disease is based on scaling and root planing (SRP), the use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been studied as a complement to obtain ...better clinical results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of aPDT as adjuncts to SRP, compared with SRP alone, on clinical parameters of chronic periodontal patients. Only randomized controlled trials with at least 3-month follow-ups, of SRP alone and in association with aPDT, were included. The MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, and LILACS databases were searched for articles published up to July 2020. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD) change after treatment. Of 141 potentially relevant papers, 22 were included. The association between SRP and aPDT promoted a significant CAL gain and PPD reduction. Periodontal treatment was partially improved by aPDT, and a favorable effect of indocyanine green–mediated aPDT was observed, and high concentrations of phenothiazine chloride presented clinical improvement as well.
Aim
To evaluate whether Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) inoculation could induce cardiac remodelling in rats.
Materials and Methods
The study was conducted on 33 Wistar rats, which were ...distributed in the following experimental groups: not inoculated; inoculated with 1 × 108 CFU/ml of bacteria; inoculated with 3 × 108 CFU/ml of bacteria. The animals were inoculated at baseline and on the 15th day of follow‐up. Blood collection was performed at baseline and 60 min after each inoculation. At 29 days, the animals were subjected to echocardiography and at 30 days to haemodynamic studies before sacrificing them.
Results
Impact of the bacteria was more evident in rats that received higher P. gingivalis concentration. Thus, 3 × 108 CFU/ml of bacteria increased the rectal temperature and water content in the lung as well as myocardial necrosis and fibrosis. P. gingivalis induced the intensification of DNA fragmentation and increased the levels of malondialdehyde, oxidized proteins, and macrophage expression in the myocardium. These findings were associated with lower LV isovolumetric relaxation time, +dP/dt, –dP/dt, and higher end‐diastolic pressure.
Conclusions
P. gingivalis bacteraemia is significantly associated with adverse cardiac remodelling and may play a biological role in the genesis of heart failure.
Considering the limited number of available lung donors, lung bioengineering using whole lung scaffolds has been proposed as an alternative approach to obtain lungs suitable for transplantation. ...However, some decellularization protocols can cause alterations on the structure, composition, or mechanical properties of the lung extracellular matrix. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the acellular lung mechanical properties when using two different routes through the trachea and pulmonary artery for the decellularization process. This study was performed by using the lungs excised from 30 healthy male C57BL/6 mice, which were divided into 3 groups: tracheal decellularization (TDG), perfusion decellularization (PDG), and control groups (CG). Both decellularized groups were subjected to decellularization protocol with a solution of 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. The behaviour of mechanical properties of the acellular lungs was measured after decellularization process. Static (Est) and dynamic (Edyn) elastances were obtained by the end-inspiratory occlusion method. TDG and PDG showed reduced Est and Edyn elastances after lung decellularization. Scanning electron microscopy showed no structural changes after lung decellularization of the TDG and PDG. In conclusion, was demonstrated that there is no significant difference in the behaviour of mechanical properties and extracellular matrix of the decellularized lungs by using two different routes through the trachea and pulmonary artery.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•DMMB was the most active phenothiazinium dye against C. albicans within the series.•DMMB presented the highest cell uptake among the compounds studied.•Phenothiazinium dye aggregation was influenced ...by the medium, with DMMB being the most affected.•SDS as a vehicle of the phenothiazinium dyes was able to potentiate the photodynamic antimicrobial action.
Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) is an important therapeutic platform for antimicrobial activity, especially due to the resistant strains, however, the physical-chemical properties of the photosensitizers may affect the final outcome. Recently, this research group showed that the control of aggregation potentiates the PACT action of Methylene Blue. In this study, the researchers investigated the PACT action of other phenothiazinium dyes (PDs), such as Azure A, Azure B (AB), and 1,9-dimethyl methylene blue (DMMB), and the effects of different mediums which modulate PD aggregation were studied.
The C. albicans planktonic culture was treated with PDs at different concentrations (0–100.00 mg/L), both in the dark (5 min) and irradiated (640 ± 12 nm LED during 30 min, 2.60 mW/cm2). After the treatments, the diluted samples were grown on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and maintained at 37 °C for 24 h. Later, one single concentration was defined and the inoculum was treated with the compounds in different media (water, phosphate buffer saline – PBS, physiological solution – 0.90 % NaCl, urea 1.00 mol/L, and sodium dodecyl sulfate 0.25 % - SDS), at 20.00 mg/L for AA and AB, and at 0.50 mg/L for DMMB. The cell uptake and the dimer to the monomer ratios were determined by spectrophotometry.
PACT with the PDs showed a reduction in the CFU/mL, with DMMB being the most effective due to the higher cell uptake within the series. When PACT was applied in the different mediums, the inactivation response was influenced by the medium. In water, the physiological solution, PBS, and urea showed no significant differences in relation to the control group. On the other hand, SDS potentiated the PACT action, and the inactivation of the microorganism was achieved with AB and DMMB.
In water, DMMB presented the highest PACT action within the PDs being studied, reaching a microorganism inactivation with a 1.00 mg/L solution, mainly due to its high cell uptake. SDS 0.25 % increased the PACT action of the PDs studied, mainly with DMMB and AB, and this may be used in formulations to develop antimicrobial treatments to be used in clinics.
Halitosis is a term that defines any foul odor emanating from the oral cavity. The origin may be local or systemic. The aim of the proposed protocol is to determine whether treatment with ...antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and treatment with probiotics are effective at eliminating halitosis.
Eighty-eight patients, from 18 to 25 years old with a diagnosis of halitosis (H2S≥112 ppb, determined by gas chromatography) will be randomly allocated to four groups (n = 22) that will receive different treatments: Group 1 -treatment with teeth brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper; Group 2 -brushing, dental floss and aPDT; Group 3 -brushing, dental floss and probiotics; Group 4 -brushing, flossing, aPDT and probiotics. The results of the halimetry will be compared before, immediately after, seven days and thirty days after treatment. The microbiological analysis of the coated tongue will be performed at these same times. The normality of the data will be determined using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Data with normal distribution will be analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Non-parametric data will be analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The Wilcoxon test will be used to analyze the results of each treatment at the different evaluation periods.
NCT03996044.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
IntroductionMolar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a qualitative defect of enamel development that occurs in the mineralisation phase. MIH affects one or more permanent molars and, occasionally, ...permanent incisors. The aim of the proposed study is to evaluate the clinical effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on permanent teeth with MIH through decontamination and sensitivity control.Methods and analysisPatients from 8 to 12 years of age with permanent molars will be randomly allocated to three groups. Group 1: selective chemical–mechanical removal of carious dentinal tissue around the walls of the cavity with Papacárie Duo and a curette followed by the application of aPDT and deproteinisation with Papacárie Duo; group 2: selective removal of carious dentinal tissue around the walls of the cavity with a curette, followed by the application of aPDT and deproteinisation with a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution; group 3: selective removal of carious dentinal tissue using a curette. The selected teeth must have a carious lesion in the dentin and posteruptive enamel breakdown on one or more surfaces with an indication for clinical restorative treatment. The teeth will subsequently be restored using a mixed technique with resin-modified glass ionomer cement and bulk-fill composite resin. The data will be submitted to descriptive statistical analysis. Associations with age and sex will be tested using either the χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test. Pearson’s correlation coefficients will be calculated to determine the strength of correlations between variables. Comparisons of the microbiological results (colony-forming units) will be performed using analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis will be performed to assess the performance of the restorations.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Nove de Julho University (certificate number: 61027522.0.0000.5511/approval date: 23 August 2022). The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT05443035.
In this work, we present the efficacy of photodynamic therapy against yeast cells in an animal model. We tested two photosensitizers, methylene blue and protoporphyrin IX. Thirty-seven female BALB-c ...mice with a body mass of 20–25 g were used. To achieve persistent vaginitis, estrus was induced by subcutaneous injection of 0.1 mg/mL estradiol valerate applied weekly. Three days after pseudo-estrus, intravaginal inoculation with
Candida albicans
was performed. Mice were anesthetized with ketamine (80 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection before inoculation, and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) was performed 5 days after fungal inoculation. Two photosensitizers were tested, methylene blue (MB; 100 μM) and protoporphyrin IX (PpNetNI; 10 μM). Two custom-made LEDs emitting light at 660 and 630 nm at approximately 800 mW each were used for irradiation. The aPDT treatment reduced the fungal colony-forming units (CFUs) by one order of magnitude for the MB (
p
= 0.020) and PpNetNI (
p
= 0.018) photosensitizers. Seven days after the treatment, there were significantly fewer CFUs compared to the control group (
p
= 0.041 and
p
= 0.035 for MB and PpNetNI, respectively), but this was not increased compared to the initial number immediately after aPDT. Using aPDT as a therapeutic option to decrease fungal infection in a vaginal candidiasis model resulted in a significant reduction in the
C. albicans
population. Both photosensitizers were effective for preventing reinfection within 7 days. The aPDT also had no effect on the vaginal mucosa at the ultrastructural level. In addition to the fungicide effect, we observed reduced swelling and lack of the formation of abscesses, microabscesses coating the cornified epithelial layer, and the accumulation of neutrophils in the submucosa.
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