Even though modern concepts of disease management of unspecific low back pain (LBP) postulate active participation of patients, this strategy is difficult to adapt unless multidisciplinary pain ...therapy is applied. Recently, mobile health solutions have proven to be effective aides to foster self-management of many diseases.
The objective of this paper was to report on the retrospective short-term results of a digital multidisciplinary pain app for the treatment of LBP.
Kaia is a mobile app that digitalizes multidisciplinary pain treatment and is in the market as a medical product class I. For the current study, the data of anonymized Kaia users was retrospectively analyzed. User data were evaluated for 12 weeks regarding duration of use and effect on in-app user reported pain levels, using the numerical rating scale (NRS), depending on whether LBP was classified as acute, subacute, or chronic back pain according to current guidelines.
Data of 180 users were available. The mean age of the users was 33.9 years (SD 10.9). Pain levels decreased from baseline NRS 4.8 to 3.75 for all users at the end of the observation period. Users who completed 4, 8, or 12 weeks showed an even more pronounced decrease in pain level NRS (baseline 4.9 SD 1.7 versus 3.6 SD 1.5 at 4 weeks; baseline 4.7 SD 1.8 versus 3.2 SD 2.0 at 8 weeks; baseline 4.6 SD 2.2 versus 2.6 SD 2.0 at 12 weeks). In addition, subgroup analysis of acute, subacute, or chronic classification revealed no significant main effect of group (P>.30) on the reduction of pain. Conclusions: This retrospective study showed that in a pre-selected population of app users, an app digitalizing multidisciplinary rehabilitation for the self-management of LBP reduced user-reported pain levels significantly. The observed effect size was clinically relevant. Ongoing prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will adjust for potential bias and selection effects.
This retrospective study showed that in a pre-selected population of app users, an app digitalizing multidisciplinary rehabilitation for the self-management of LBP reduced user-reported pain levels significantly. The observed effect size was clinically relevant. Ongoing prospective RCTs will adjust for potential bias and selection effects.
IR broad-band properties are sensitive to electronic transport and charge localization. This allows to investigate the electronic structure of ultrathin metal films by means of IR-transmission ...spectroscopy. As this electronic structure is determined by the interfaces of the film, the dynamic conductivity also reflects its morphology. We performed in-situ transmission spectroscopy in the middle infrared (MIR) during the evaporation of Fe on MgO(001) at room temperature in ultrahigh vacuum. We varied the quality of the substrate surface by using MgO(001) cleaved in air and cleaved in ultrahigh vacuum. The difference in the thicknesses for the onset of continuous transport properties of the growing films is well detected by their different IR-spectroscopical behavior. For continuous films, we calculate the thickness dependent scattering of electrons and the thickness dependent effective IR-optical oscillator strength from their IR-optical data. For MgO cleaved in air compared with cleavage in ultrahigh vacuum, the continuous thin film model becomes relevant at a smaller thickness, i.e. the substrate is covered faster in this case.
We studied the infrared absorption lines for the stretching mode of CO on ultrathin Fe(1
0
0) prepared as smooth as possible on MgO(0
0
1) by various methods. For films that gave different atomic ...force microscopic pictures but similar LEED patterns, the signal strength and the CO-line shapes were investigated in normal transmission and also in reflection at grazing incidence of p-polarized light. The comparison of both types of spectra for various degrees of film smoothness made obvious that asymmetric absorption lines may occur only in the susceptibility component parallel to the surface. The oscillator strength of these asymmetric lines is correlated to the number of holes in the film. The usual reflectance change that arises due to CO vibrations perpendicular to the film may be considerably modified by the adsorbate induced changes in the parallel susceptibility.
We have developed preparation procedures which suppress island growth of Fe on MgO(001) in ultrahigh vacuum. The resulting smooth Fe(001) films of few nanometer thickness have been exposed to CO. The ...infrared broadband transmission at normal incidence strongly changes with CO exposure. At about 2050 cm−1, i.e. in the stretching region of CO on on-top sites, enhanced infrared absorption with a Fano-like line shape is observed.
Two experiments (N = 60) were conducted to determine the effects of hypnotic susceptibility and interference on frequency of Necker cube apparent reversals (ARs). Interference was induced in ...Experiment 1 by having subjects respond to orally administered double-digit arithmetic (addition) problems while observing the Necker cube. In Experiment 2, counting backward by 3s served as interference. In both experiments, interference reduced ARs. Hypnotic susceptibility level also influenced ARs, with those scoring high on this attribute reporting more ARs than those scoring low. Attentional factors may have played a major role in producing the reported results.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
40 Ss participated in an experiment designed to determine the influence of hypnotizability and imaging ability on cognitive performance. Individuals were asked to locate objects embedded within a ...series of pictorial scenes. For each scene, Ss were allocated a total of 6 minutes to find as many objects as possible. The objects were described to Ss prior to their search for them. Although there were no significant differences in total number of objects found as a function of hypnotizability, high hypnotizable Ss made significantly fewer errors in locating and identifying objects. This difference was attributed to the superior ability of the high hypnotizable Ss in visualizing the hidden objects and in using produced images as a means for correctly identifying them. This did not appear to be the case for the low hypnotizable Ss. It was this difference in search strategy that may ultimately have led to the error difference between high and low hypnotizable Ss.
The effect of SO2 fumigation on free and bound putrescine and spermidine has been investigated in pea plants grown in nitrate-based and ammonium-containing nutrient solutions. Both amines increase ...significantly more in response to SO2 fumigation when 50% of the nitrate nitrogen is substituted by ammonium. Amine levels are also increased in the unfumigated, ammonium-supplied plants relative to the exclusively nitrate-supplied ones. Since both SO2 pollution and ammonium nutrition increase the H+ ion concentration of the cells and cause a shift in the cation/anion ratio, it is concluded that with both treatments amines are synthesized to bind these H+ ions and to compensate the relative cation deficit. The importance of this mode of metabolic buffering is discussed and its effectiveness calculated.
An adaptive filter for processing of astronomical images is developed and described. The filter recognizes the local signal resolution (which usually varies strongly across the image) and adapts its ...own impulse response to this resolution.
An IR spectroscopic study of silicon oxynitride films Priebe, A.; Walter, N.; Pucci, A.
Infrared and Millimeter Waves, Conference Digest of the 2004 Joint 29th International Conference on 2004 and 12th International Conference on Terahertz Electronics, 2004,
2004
Conference Proceeding
Correlated to the ever shrinking dimension of the nowadays electronic devices and since the electronic factories try to stick at the silicon technology as long as possible new problems arise. One of ...these problems is the breakdown of the gate-oxide function of silicon dioxide layers at the necessarily small thickness of few nanometers and below. The main reasons of the failure of such silicon oxide are tunneling of charge carriers and diffusion of dopands through the ultrathin layer. The disadvantage of the SiO/sub 2/ may be overcome by inserting nitrogen atoms into the silicon-dioxide network. To do this with sufficient lateral homogeneity is a nowadays challenge for deposition and control. We report on an infrared spectroscopic study of silicon oxynitride films with respect to the lateral variation of the chemical composition on a silicon wafer.
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