Ferroptosis in Cancer Cell Biology Bebber, Christina M; Müller, Fabienne; Prieto Clemente, Laura ...
Cancers,
01/2020, Letnik:
12, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A major hallmark of cancer is successful evasion of regulated forms of cell death. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered type of regulated necrosis which, unlike apoptosis or necroptosis, is ...independent of caspase activity and receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIPK1) kinase activity. Instead, ferroptotic cells die following iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, a process which is antagonised by glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1). Importantly, tumour cells escaping other forms of cell death have been suggested to maintain or acquire sensitivity to ferroptosis. Therefore, therapeutic exploitation of ferroptosis in cancer has received increasing attention. Here, we systematically review current literature on ferroptosis signalling, cross-signalling to cellular metabolism in cancer and a potential role for ferroptosis in tumour suppression and tumour immunology. By summarising current findings on cell biology relevant to ferroptosis in cancer, we aim to point out new conceptual avenues for utilising ferroptosis in systemic treatment approaches for cancer.
For centuries the Atlantic world has been a site of encounter
and exchange, a rich point of transit where one could remake one's
identity or find it transformed. Through this interdisciplinary
...collection of essays, Laura R. Prieto and Stephen R. Berry offer
vivid new accounts of how individuals remapped race, gender, and
sexuality through their lived experience and in the cultural
imagination. Crossings and Encounters is the first single volume to
address these three intersecting categories across the Atlantic
world and beyond the colonial period.
The Atlantic world offered novel possibilities to and exposed
vulnerabilities of many kinds of people, from travelers to urban
dwellers, native Americans to refugees. European colonial officials
tried to regulate relationships and impose rigid ideologies of
gender, while perceived distinctions of culture, religion, and
ethnicity gradually calcified into modern concepts of race. Amid
the instabilities of colonial settlement and slave societies,
people formed cross-racial sexual relationships, marriages,
families, and households. These not only afforded some women and
men with opportunities to achieve stability; they also furnished
ways to redefine one's status.
Crossings and Encounters spans broadly from early contact zones
in the seventeenth-century Americas to the postcolonial present,
and it covers the full range of the Atlantic world, including the
Caribbean, North America, and Latin America. The essays examine the
historical intersections between race and gender to illuminate the
fluid identities and the dynamic communities of the Atlantic
world.
The odor-active volatile compounds of yellow tamarillo fruit (
Cav.) were identified and quantified by using a sensomics approach, combining a gentle volatile extraction (solvent-assisted flavor ...evaporation (SAFE)), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and sensory analyses (gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) and aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA)). The medium-term purpose of this work is to evaluate the change of odor-active volatiles during processing. Thus, (
)-3-hexenal, hexanal, and ethyl butanoate were identified as key aroma compounds of yellow tamarillo. The C₆-aliphatic compounds, aliphatic esters, and terpenols were characterized as the volatiles responsible for the herbal-green, fruity, and fresh-mint odor notes of this variety, respectively. Additionally, one non-volatile compound contributing to the residual bitter taste of this fruit was isolated by a bioguided (taste sensory analyses) fractionation. The freeze-dried fruit was sequentially liquid-liquid partitioned with solvents of different polarity, and then the ethyl acetate fraction was submitted to size exclusion chromatography. Then, its structure was elucidated as rosmarinic acid, by using common spectroscopic methods (mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)). The amount of rosmarinic acid was quantified as 46.17 ± 1.20 mg/100 g of dried fruit, by the external standard method. Its bitter taste threshold value was determined by using the 3AFC (alternative forced choice) method to be 37.00 ± 1.25 mg/L.
The purpose of this study was to determine the mean propulsive velocity (MVP) at various percentages of one repetition maximum (1RM) in the full squat and chest press exercises. A total of 96 young ...women and 256 young men (recreational athletes) performed an incremental test (50−60−70−80% 1RM) comprising the bench press and full squat exercises in two different sessions. The individual load and velocity ratios were established through the MPV. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25.0, with the significance level set at 5%. The following findings were revealed: highly linear load-velocity relationships in the group of women (r = 0.806 in the squat, and r = 0.872 in the bench press) and in the group of men (r = 0.832 and r = 0.880, respectively); significant differences (p < 0.001) in the MPV at 50−70−80% 1RM between the bench press and the full squat in men and at 70−80% 1RM in women; and a high variability in the MPV (11.49% to 22.63) in the bench press and full squat (11.58% to 25.15%) was observed in women and men (11.31% to 21.06%, and 9.26% to 24.2%) at the different percentages of 1RM evaluated. These results suggest that the load-velocity ratio in non-strength-trained subjects should be determined individually to more precisely establish the relative load to be used in a full squat and bench press training program.
Physical activity (PA) can provide multiple benefits for children with visual impairments (VI). To date, little research has explored the retention effects of PA interventions for children with VI. ...Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the PA experiences of parents of children with VI three months after completing a PA intervention.
This descriptive-qualitative study was situated in the Theory of Planned Behavior. Five parents completed semi-structured interviews that were transcribed and analyzed using a thematic line-by-line analysis.
Four themes characterizing how parents created PA opportunities for their children with VI were constructed: (a) Teaching from Awareness (b) Advocating for Needs, (c) Engaging Family through Community, and (d) Seeking More PA Opportunities.
Parent's awareness of their child's abilities, parents' advocacy, and parents' teaching skills all helped to expose their children to new types of PA in the community. Parents reflected about a lack of consistently offered community-based PA for their children. Researchers must consider the importance of educating parents on how to teach skills, increase awareness, and advocate for more community-based PA programs.
IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION
Three months after a physical activity intervention for children with visual impairments, parents' awareness of their child's abilities, advocacy, and competence teaching motor skills helped to expose their children to new types of physical activities in the community and at home.
The lack of consistently offered community-based physical activities for children with visual impairments calls for rehabilitation professionals to create or promote existing physical activity programs for children with visual impairments.
Rehabilitation professionals should explore how physical activity programs can address barriers faced by participants (e.g., lack of knowledge, lack of physical activity equipment), and offer a continuum of activities and programming for these families in the home and community setting.
Rehabilitation professionals should educate parents on the importance of physical activity, how to teach motor skills, and advocate for more community-based physical activity programs for their children with visual impairments.
The purpose of this study was to examine the immediate and post effects of a parent‐mediated physical activity intervention on the fundamental motor skills of autistic children. We randomly assigned ...parent‐child dyads (n = 31) of autistic children aged 4–11 years into three groups (workshop, an online, or control group). Each dyad participated in a 12‐week intervention and was given adapted physical activity equipment and over 200 activities via a mobile application. Children were tested at the start and end of the intervention. The effect size (Cohen's d) of the control group for pre‐post locomotor and ball skill scores were 0.12 and 0.06, respectively, indicating small effect size. The effect size of the online group for pre‐post locomotor and ball skill scores were 49 and 0.26, respectively, indicating medium and small effect sizes. The effect size of the in‐person group for pre‐post locomotor and ball skill scores were 1.18 and 0.82, respectively, indicating large effect sizes. The outcomes of this physical activity intervention suggest that parents may facilitate the acquisition of fundamental motor skills of their autistic children. Although these results are positive, there is a need to further identify effective interventions for fundamental motor skill development in autistic children. Clinical Trials ID: NCT05159102.
Lay Summary
Autistic children can benefit a lot from regular physical activity. Some of these benefits include being healthy and meeting new friends. Regular physical activity can also lead to being on sports teams. But most people agree that you need to be good at activities, like throwing, kicking, Parents can help their autistic children learn activities like throwing, kicking, and running, which are also known as fundamental motor skills. In this study, 31 families were randomly assigned to one group. Each family participated in either the workshop, the online, or the control group. Families in the workshop and online groups completed a 12‐week physical activity program. Each participant received adapted physical activity equipment. They also received a mobile application with over 200 activities. The workshop group also attended four in‐person workshops. The workshops focused on the needs of autistic children and their parents. The online group attended the workshops via Zoom. We tested children on their fundamental motor skills before and after the program. Parents of autistic children are their children's first teachers. Yet, they may not have the skills to teach their children how to do physical activity. So, our purpose was to focus on teaching parents of autistic children. As a result, children in this study improved their fundamental motor skills. This finding can help inform future programs for parents of autistic children.
The forum in this issue of Diplomatic History interweaves several strands in the study of U.S. foreign relations. All three papers focus on the decade after World War I, a transformative era in U.S. ...and global history alike, which has attracted renewed scholarly attention, particularly regarding the origins of international humanitarianism.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Autistic children can derive numerous benefits from engaging in physical activity (PA), necessitating parental support for active participation. However, parents often lack the foundational knowledge ...to effectively facilitate PA for their children. Despite the significance of this issue, limited research has explored the outcomes of parent-mediated PA interventions for autistic children.
The purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes and intentions of parents to include their autistic children in PA after participating in a 12-week PA intervention.
Employing the Theory of Planned Behavior as a framework, we conducted a descriptive-qualitative investigation. Fifteen parents participated in semi-structured interviews, with the data transcribed and analyzed using thematic line-by-line analysis.
Three themes emerged, elucidating how parents fostered PA opportunities for their autistic children were constructed: (a) Awareness and reinforcement of PA benefits, (b) Keep the momentum going, and (c) From intentions to behaviors.
The study findings indicate a positive impact on parental attitudes and intentions toward engaging in PA with their autistic children after participating in the intervention. his study highlights the significance of parent-mediated interventions in fostering PA for autistic children and suggests avenues for future research and interventions.
The Test of Gross Motor Development-3 is one of the most popular assessment tools in physical education and physical activity settings. It is a valid assessment originally designed to administer ...in-person, but the virtual administration of the assessment has yet to be deemed feasible. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the trial feasibility of virtual data collection using the Test of Gross Motor Development-3 to assess the fundamental motor skills of children with autism spectrum disorder. Most specifically, we report on the design and feasibility of the online assessment process. A total of 22 families of children with autism spectrum disorder participated in the online data collection.
A number of causes have been proposed to account for the occurrence of gelatinous zooplankton (both jellyfish and ctenophore) blooms. Jellyfish species have a complex life history involving a benthic ...asexual phase (polyp) and a pelagic sexual phase (medusa). Strong environmental control of jellyfish life cycles is suspected, but not fully understood. This study presents a comprehensive analysis on the physicochemical conditions that control the survival and phase transition of Cotylorhiza tuberculata; a scyphozoan that generates large outbreaks in the Mediterranean Sea. Laboratory experiments indicated that the influence of temperature on strobilation and polyp survival was the critical factor controlling the capacity of this species to proliferate. Early life stages were less sensitive to other factors such as salinity variations or the competitive advantage provided by zooxanthellae in a context of coastal eutrophication. Coherently with laboratory results, the presence/absence of outbreaks of this jellyfish in a particular year seems to be driven by temperature. This is the first time the environmental forcing of the mechanism driving the life cycle of a jellyfish has been disentangled via laboratory experimentation. Projecting this understanding to a field population under climatological variability results in a pattern coherent with in situ records.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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