Budd–Chiari syndrome (BCS) is an uncommon disorder characterized by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. The primary BCS is a rare disease with an incidence about 0.2 per million inhabitants per ...year. We present a 3-year-old boy with intrahepatic inferior vena cava clot. Because of decreased levels of protein C (38.7 %), F II (69.1 %), and activated protein C resistance (1.43), a mutational gene analysis was performed. The patient was found to be homozygous for the FV G1691A mutation.
Conclusion
: The primary BCS is a rare disease especially in childhood. Activated protein C resistance caused by the factor V Leiden mutation may be responsible for primary BCS. Prompt recognition of underlying prothrombotic disease and early initiation of their specific therapy might translate into rapid improvement of liver disease.
Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), which predisposes liver disease in children, is often undiagnosed. Isoelectric focusing in 161 infants with liver dysfunction revealed 14.7% severe and 12.2% ...moderate AATD. Positive PAS-D and immunohistochemical staining was found in 60% of severe AATD, but in moderate AATD, only immunohistochemistry was positive in 100%. Bilirubinostasis, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, cholestasis, hepatomegaly associated with cholestasis, acholia, high transaminases, and low birthweight were significantly more frequent in severe than in moderate AATD. Both AATDs showed significant portal inflammation, hepatic fibrosis, and viral infection. Early screening in children with liver dysfunction can contribute to the successful detection of AATD.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We compared the clinical, biopsy and serology profile in typical vs atypical celiac disease. Mean TTG value for Marsh 3b/c in typical group was (140.53+/-88.77) and in atypical (140.66+/-73.53) ...(P=0.622). Seventy seven percent of patients had Marsh 3b/c in typical and 67.5% in atypical group (P=0.400).
Autoimmune hepatitis type 1 in a 8-year old girl is described. The diagnosis was established using International Autoimmune hepatitis group scoring system. In addition to characteristic histologic ...features of autoimmune hepatitis (periportal hepatitis, piecemeal necrosis and rozettes) prominent centrilobular necrosis was discovered. As an isolate finding in autoimmune hepatitis, this type was described only in five cases. In our unique case centrilobular necrosis is a very important parallel finding previously not detected in autoimmune hepatitis. Some experimental studies suggest that cytokines present in inflammatory cell infiltrate in the liver play a pathologic role in autoimmune liver cell damage.
Prikazujemo osmogodisnju devojcicu s autoimunskim hepatitisom,tip jedan Dijagnoza je postavljena na osnovu preporuke Medjunarodne grupe za autoimunski hepatitis. Osim histomorfoloskog nalaza tipicnog za autoimunski hepatitis (periportni hepatitis, pismilnekroza i rozete) uocena je i izrazita centrilobulska nekroza. U literaturi je opisano svega pet bolesnika od autoimunskog hepatitisa s izolovanim nalazom centrilobulske nekroze. U nasem jedinstvenom slucaju centrilobulska nekroza je vazan paralelan nalaz prethodno neopisan u autoimunskom hepatitisu. Neke eksperimentalne studije sugerisu da citokini u zapaljenjskom infiltratu igraju vaznu ulogu u autoimunskom ostecenju hepatocita.
Autoimmune hepatitis type 1 in a 8-year old girl is described. The diagnosis was established using International Autoimmune hepatitis group scoring system. In addition to characteristic histologic ...features of autoimmune hepatitis (periportal hepatitis, piecemeal necrosis and rozettes) prominent centrilobular necrosis was discovered. As an isolate finding in autoimmune hepatitis, this type was described only in five cases. In our unique case centrilobular necrosis is a very important parallel finding previously not detected in autoimmune hepatitis. Some experimental studies suggest that cytocins present in inflammatory cell infiltrate in the liver play a pathologic role in autoimmune liver cell damage.
•We compare machine learning approaches against heuristics for code smell detection.•We use metrics and code embeddings as code representations for machine learning.•We test the performance of smell ...detectors on the large manually labeled dataset.•CuBERT code embeddings outperform all code smell detection alternatives.•We perform an error analysis to discuss the advantages of the CuBERT approach.
Code smells are structures in code that often harm its quality. Manually detecting code smells is challenging, so researchers proposed many automatic detectors. Traditional code smell detectors employ metric-based heuristics, but researchers have recently adopted a Machine-Learning (ML) based approach. This paper compares the performance of multiple ML-based code smell detection models against multiple metric-based heuristics for detection of God Class and Long Method code smells. We assess the effectiveness of different source code representations for ML: we evaluate the effectiveness of traditionally used code metrics against code embeddings (code2vec, code2seq, and CuBERT). This study is the first to evaluate the effectiveness of pre-trained neural source code embeddings for code smell detection to the best of our knowledge. This approach helped us leverage the power of transfer learning – our study is the first to explore whether the knowledge mined from code understanding models can be transferred to code smell detection. A secondary contribution of our research is the systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of code smell detection approaches on the same large-scale, manually labeled MLCQ dataset. Almost every study that proposes a detection approach tests this approach on the dataset unique for the study. Consequently, we cannot directly compare the reported performances to derive the best-performing approach.
It has long been known that coronaviruses cause various infectious diseases in animals. Although SARS-CoV-2 is genetically related to viruses isolated from Rhinolophus bats, the exact origin, mode of ...transmission, and how the human species has become the epidemiological reservoir of the virus have not yet been established with certainty. Although the main route of transmission is human-to-human, there are considerable numbers of reported cases of infection in animal species, predominantly among pet animals. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in dogs and cats during the COVID-19 pandemic in Šumadija District, Serbia. We used serology to identify household contacts of pet animals with infected pet owners and the degree of association. The study presented in this paper is also the first study of this type in Serbia. The results of a retrospective serosurvey, which was conducted in dogs and cats with different exposure risk factors, were analyzed to find the possible modes of transmission between humans and animals. The relative frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection in dogs was 1.45% bounded with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.0007–7.73%, while in cats, it was 5.56% (95% CI: 0.77–4.13%). The relative frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pet owners was 11% (95% CI: 6.25–18.63%). In pets that were in close contact with COVID-19 positive owners, the seropositivity was found to be 9%. Out of a total of five stray dogs and cats tested, seropositivity was observed in two animals. Detected SARS-CoV-2 infection in pets shows that these animals are susceptible to infection and that the most common means of virus transmission to pets is through contact with diseased owners. However, the presence of infection in stray dogs and cats is not clear and needs further research.
•Companion animals that are in close contact (indoor) with infected owners are at higher risk of becoming infected.•Cats are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection than dogs.•There is no evidence that companion animals might serve as a significant source of infection for people.•Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in dogs and cats could be useful as an additional instrument for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 circulation.
PDF
