An aqueous extraction process was developed consisting of aqueous contact with dehulled yellow mustard flour to recover protein followed by dissolution of the released emulsion in dimethylformamide ...(DMF) or isopropyl alcohol (IPA) to recover the released oil in the form of single-phase oil–solvent miscellae suitable for industrial applications. Only some 38 ± 3 % of the oil in the yellow mustard emulsion was extracted using DMF even at high weight ratios since DMF is widely miscible with water, preventing separation of the oil from the emulsion. A ternary phase diagram of DMF/oil/water was prepared and confirmed the limited solubility of the oil in DMF in the presence of water. The use of 31:1 IPA:oil weight ratio could effectively recover over 94 % of the oil in the emulsion; however, multiple-stage treatment of the emulsion was proven to be more efficient with lower volumes of IPA required to achieve high oil extraction yields. The results suggest that the optimal conditions for multiple-stage process were four stages using 2:1 IPA:oil weight ratio, with 96 ± 1 % oil recovery from the emulsion.
Post-transcriptional control of mRNA is a key event in the regulation of gene expression. From yeast to human cells, P-bodies are cytoplasmic RNA-protein aggregates that play an essential role in ...this process, particularly under stress conditions. In this work, we show that in the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall stress induces the formation of these structures. This effect is dependent on multiple elements in the Cell Wall Integrity (CWI) MAPK signalling pathway, a signal transduction cascade responsible for the maintenance of cell integrity under adverse environmental conditions. Remarkably, P-body assembly requires the catalytic activity of the MAPK of the pathway, Slt2/Mpk1. In accordance with the control exerted by this signalling pathway, the timing of P-body formation is similar to that of the activation of the CWI pathway. Noticeably, mRNAs whose expression is regulated by this pathway localize in P-bodies after the cell is exposed to stress following a temporal pattern coincident with CWI pathway activation. Moreover, when these mRNAs are overexpressed in a mutant background unable to form visible P-bodies, the cells show hypersensitivity to agents that interfere with cell wall integrity, supporting that they play a role in the mRNA lifecycle under stress conditions.
Recombinational repair is an important mechanism that allows DNA replication to overcome damaged templates, so the DNA is duplicated timely and correctly. The RecFOR pathway is one of the common ways ...to load RecA, while the RuvABC complex operates in the resolution of DNA intermediates. We have generated deletions of recO, recR and ruvB genes in Thermus thermophilus, while a recF null mutant could not be obtained. The recO deletion was in all cases accompanied by spontaneous loss of function mutations in addA or addB genes, which encode a helicase‐exonuclease also key for recombination. The mutants were moderately affected in viability and chromosome segregation. When we generated these mutations in a Δppol/addAB strain, we observed that the transformation efficiency was maintained at the typical level of Δppol/addAB, which is 100‐fold higher than that of the wild type. Most mutants showed increased filamentation phenotypes, especially ruvB, which also had DNA repair defects. These results suggest that in T. thermophilus (i) the components of the RecFOR pathway have differential roles, (ii) there is an epistatic relationship of the AddAB complex over the RecFOR pathway and (iii) that neither of the two pathways or their combination is strictly required for viability although they are necessary for normal DNA repair and chromosome segregation.
In Thermus thermophilus, disrupting the highly conserved recFOR pathway, essential for bacterial recombinational repair, along with the ruvB helicase, reveals that RecF, RecO and RecR have distinct roles. This contrasts with their functions in other bacteria.
The soils of agricultural crops begin to suffer from arvenses and pathogens that are harmful to new crops after going through several production cycles. The chemical control of these pathogens is ...carried out through fumigants, which are applied at doses necessary to reduce the infectious potential at levels acceptable for crops. However, this may affect the biological, physical and chemical environment of the soil and, at the same time, the crops due to the toxic residues of these fumigants. In this work, the analysis of the pasteurization process of greenhouse soils sown with saladette tomato (Solamun lycopersicum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was carried out, using water vapor for the pasteurization process at a temperature of 120 °C, obtained from a parabolic cylindrical solar concentrator (PCC), eliminating the use of boilers that conventionally require this method and use a lot of electrical energy, which increases the cost of the procedure and also causes the pollution of the environment. An experimental design was built for which tests were carried out at different steam emission times for each tomato and cucumber test soil. For each emission, it was necessary to reach 80 psi of pressure, with a steam exit time of a maximum of 160 s. Once this disinfection technique was applied, the presence of microorganisms such as Cladosporium sp, bacteria, pathogens and fungi was determined by various culture media. By means of this, the pathogens eliminated were verified, which were promoted by the process with respect to the test soil.
Despite often leading to platinum resistance, platinum-based chemotherapy continues to be the standard treatment for many epithelial tumors. In this study we analyzed and validated the cytogenetic ...alterations that arise after treatment in four lung and ovarian paired cisplatin-sensitive/resistant cell lines by 1-million microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) and qRT-PCR methodologies. RNA-sequencing, functional transfection assays, and gene-pathway activity analysis were used to identify genes with a potential role in the development of this malignancy. The results were further explored in 55 lung and ovarian primary tumors and control samples, and in two extensive in silico databases. Long-term cell exposure to platinum induces the frequent deletion of
gene. Its expression re-sensitized tumor cells to platinum and recovered the levels of Wnt/β-catenin transcriptional activity.
expression was also frequently downregulated in epithelial tumors, predicting a worse overall survival. We also identified an inverse correlation between
and
expression, revealing that Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with lower expression of
had a better overall survival rate. We defined the implication of
as a molecular mechanism behind the development of cisplatin resistance probably through the activation of the Wnt-signaling pathway. This data highlights the possible role of
and
as novel therapeutic targets for platinum resistant tumors.
Analysis of the structural behavior of the historical constructions by the damage model through mechanical characterization of the material obtained by laboratory tests. This analysis has been ...particularly applied to the case historical construction of the Cathedral of Valencia (Spain) which is a representative example of Mediterranean Gothic with a structure formed by two sets of diaphragmatic walls, breaking with the Central European Gothic canons.
In this research we conducted laboratory tests of samples taken from the masonry, in order to use these mechanical properties of the material nonlinear numerical models so that the results will allow an accurate calibration of material behavior for both gravitational and seismic actions.
The study carried out justifies the reasons behind the differences between the Mediterranean Gothic and the traditional. The necessity of the walls' continuity will be demonstrated by the flying buttresses that turn into authentic diaphragm walls.
El legado de Ricardo Barredo Fenollosa, Ernesto; Cabrera i Fausto, Iván; Llopis Pulido, Verónica
Informes de la construcción,
06/2023, Letnik:
75, Številka:
570
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Ricardo Barredo de Valenzuela fue una figura clave en el desarrollo tecnológico de la construcción en España en la primera mitad del siglo XX. Dirigido por Eduardo Torroja, desarrolló un método de ...postesado de estructuras de hormigón, patentado con su nombre, que compitió a escala internacional con los más avanzados de la época (Freyssinet, CCL,…). Participó en la construcción de las obras arquitectónicas y de la ingeniería civil más reconocidas de la época, colaborando con ingenieros de tanto prestigio como Eduardo Torroja o Fernández Casado. Miguel Fisac reconoció su esencial papel en el desarrollo de las estructuras para cubiertas formadas por dovelas de hormigón postesado, conocidas como “vigas-hueso”. El presente artículo recorre su amplia trayectoria profesional, poniendo en valor su obra y manifestando el merecido reconocimiento de su legado.
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•Pat1 is a decay factor that maymodulate gene transcription.•Pat1 is required for the transcriptional response regulated via the CWI pathway.•Optimal PIC formation at CWI-responsive ...gene promoters is dependent on Pat1.•Pat1 and MAPK Slt2 are interdependently recruited to CWI-dependent genes.•Pat1 participates in transcription initiation and elongation of CWI-regulated genes.
Cellular mRNA levels, particularly under stress conditions, can be finely regulated by the coordinated action of transcription and degradation processes. Elements of the 5′-3′ mRNA degradation pathway, functionally associated with the exonuclease Xrn1, can bind to nuclear chromatin and modulate gene transcription. Within this group are the so-called decapping activators, including Pat1, Dhh1, and Lsm1. In this work, we have investigated the role of Pat1 in the yeast adaptive transcriptional response to cell wall stress. Thus, we demonstrated that in the absence of Pat1, the transcriptional induction of genes regulated by the Cell Wall Integrity MAPK pathway was significantly affected, with no effect on the stability of these transcripts. Furthermore, under cell wall stress conditions, Pat1 is recruited to Cell Wall Integrity-responsive genes in parallel with the RNA Pol II complex, participating both in pre-initiation complex assembly and transcriptional elongation. Indeed, strains lacking Pat1 showed lower recruitment of the transcription factor Rlm1, less histone H3 displacement at Cell Wall Integrity gene promoters, and impaired recruitment and progression of RNA Pol II. Moreover, Pat1 and the MAPK Slt2 occupied the coding regions interdependently. Our results support the idea that Pat1 and presumably other decay factors behave as transcriptional regulators of Cell Wall Integrity-responsive genes under cell wall stress conditions.
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