Highlights
Synthesis of high-entropy perovskite oxide for air electrode in reversible proton ceramic electrochemical cells.
Triple-conducting high-entropy air electrodes exhibit excellent structural ...stability and oxygen catalytic activity.
The peak power density and current density of the cell with high-entropy air electrode in the fuel cell and electrolysis modes are 1.21 W cm
−2
and − 1.95 A cm
−2
at 600 °C, respectively.
Reversible proton ceramic electrochemical cell (R-PCEC) is regarded as the most promising energy conversion device, which can realize efficient mutual conversion of electrical and chemical energy and to solve the problem of large-scale energy storage. However, the development of robust electrodes with high catalytic activity is the main bottleneck for the commercialization of R-PCECs. Here, a novel type of high-entropy perovskite oxide consisting of six equimolar metals in the A-site, Pr
1/6
La
1/6
Nd
1/6
Ba
1/6
Sr
1/6
Ca
1/6
CoO
3−
δ
(PLNBSCC), is reported as a high-performance bifunctional air electrode for R-PCEC. By harnessing the unique functionalities of multiple elements, high-entropy perovskite oxide can be anticipated to accelerate reaction rates in both fuel cell and electrolysis modes. Especially, an R-PCEC utilizing the PLNBSCC air electrode achieves exceptional electrochemical performances, demonstrating a peak power density of 1.21 W cm
−2
for the fuel cell, while simultaneously obtaining an astonishing current density of − 1.95 A cm
−2
at an electrolysis voltage of 1.3 V and a temperature of 600 °C. The significantly enhanced electrochemical performance and durability of the PLNBSCC air electrode is attributed mainly to the high electrons/ions conductivity, fast hydration reactivity and high configurational entropy. This research explores to a new avenue to develop optimally active and stable air electrodes for R-PCECs.
To assess the relationship between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) morbidity and mortality.
A time-series study conducted in Beijing from 1 January ...2010 to 31 December 2012. Data on 369,469 IHD cases and 53,247 IHD deaths were collected by the Beijing Monitoring System for Cardiovascular Diseases, which covers all hospital admissions and deaths from IHD from Beijing's population of 19.61 million.
The mean daily PM2.5 concentration was 96.2 μg/m(3) with a range from 3.9 to 493.9 μg/m(3). Only 15.3% of the daily PM2.5 concentrations achieved WHO Air Quality Guidelines target (25 μg/m(3)) in the study period. The dose-response relationships between PM2.5 and IHD morbidity and mortality were non-linear, with a steeper dose-response function at lower concentrations and a shallower response at higher concentrations. A 10 μg/m(3) increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 0.27% (95% CI 0.21 to 0.33%, p<2.00×10(-16)) increase in IHD morbidity and a 0.25% (95% CI 0.10 to 0.40%, p=1.15×10(-3)) increase in mortality on the same day. During the 3 years, there were 7703 cases and 1475 deaths advanced by PM2.5 pollution over expected rates if daily levels had not exceeded the WHO target.
PM2.5 concentration was significantly associated with IHD morbidity and mortality in Beijing. Our findings provide a rationale for the urgent need for stringent control of air pollution to reduce PM2.5 concentration.
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression, and have attracted significant attention because of their various roles in biological processes. These molecules have ...transcriptional activity despite their inability to encode proteins. Moreover, research has revealed that ncRNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are linked to pervasive regulators of kidney disease, including anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antifibrotic, and proangiogenic actions in acute and chronic kidney disease. Although the exact therapeutic mechanism of ncRNAs remains uncertain, their value in treatment has been studied in clinical trials. The numerous renal diseases and the beneficial or harmful effects of NcRNAs on the kidney will be discussed in this article. Afterward, exploring the biological characteristics of ncRNAs, as well as their purpose and potential contributions to acute and chronic renal disease, were explored. This may offer guidance for treating both acute and long-term kidney illnesses, as well as insights into the potential use of these indicators as kidney disease biomarkers.Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression, and have attracted significant attention because of their various roles in biological processes. These molecules have transcriptional activity despite their inability to encode proteins. Moreover, research has revealed that ncRNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are linked to pervasive regulators of kidney disease, including anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antifibrotic, and proangiogenic actions in acute and chronic kidney disease. Although the exact therapeutic mechanism of ncRNAs remains uncertain, their value in treatment has been studied in clinical trials. The numerous renal diseases and the beneficial or harmful effects of NcRNAs on the kidney will be discussed in this article. Afterward, exploring the biological characteristics of ncRNAs, as well as their purpose and potential contributions to acute and chronic renal disease, were explored. This may offer guidance for treating both acute and long-term kidney illnesses, as well as insights into the potential use of these indicators as kidney disease biomarkers.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), which has no effective drugs to delay or prevent its progression, is a multifactorial complex neurodegenerative disease. Long non-coding RNA SOX21 antisense RNA1 (SOX21-AS1) ...is associated with the development of AD, but the underlying molecular mechanism of SOX21-AS1 in AD is still largely unclear.
To construct the AD model, SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells were treated with amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was executed to detect the expression of SOX21-AS1 and miRNA-107. Western blot analysis was utilized to assess the levels of phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) or flow cytometry assay was employed to determine the viability and apoptosis of SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells. The relationship between SOX21-AS1 and miRNA-107 was verified with the dual-luciferase reporter assay.
SOX21-AS1 expression was augmented while miR-107 expression was decreased in Aβ1-42-treated SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells. Moreover, Aβ1-42 elevated the levels of p-Tau and impeded viability and induced apoptosis of SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells. Also, SOX21-AS1 silencing attenuated Aβ1-42 mediated the levels of p-Tau, viability, and apoptosis of SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells. Importantly, SOX21-AS1 acted as a sponge for miR-107 in SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells. Furthermore, the increase in p-Tau levels and apoptosis and the repression of viability of Aβ1-42-treated SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells mediated by miR-107 inhibition were partly recovered by SOX21-AS1 depletion.
SOX21-AS1 silencing could attenuate Aβ1-42-induced neuronal damage by sponging miR-107, which provided a possible strategy for the treatment of AD.
•Hollow nanocages NiCo-LDH/MWCNTs composite is prepared through a simple solvent-thermal reaction.•The NiCo-LDH/MWCNTs composite possesses high conductivity, surface area, and catalytic sites.•The ...NiCo-LDH/MWCNTs electrocatalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance in glucose monitoring.•The sensor successfully captures variations in salivary glucose.
Monitoring salivary glucose has gained increased attention as a non-invasive approach to prevent and diagnose diabetes. Since the glucose concentration in saliva is lower than that in blood, the development of effective electrocatalysts for highly sensitive glucose detection is thus of great significance. In this study, a hollow nanocage from NiCo-layered double hydroxides (LDH) modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is designed and further employed as the sensing material to construct a novel non-enzymatic glucose electrochemical sensor with high sensitivity. It is synthesized by utilizing pre-synthesized zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67)/MWCNTs as a sacrificial template and subsequently conducting a simple solvent-thermal reaction with Ni(NO3)2. Such a hollow nanocage preserves the polyhedral framework structure of the used precursor, where the hollow frame-like structure of NiCo-LDH offers accessible catalytic sites, and MWCNTs provides good conductivity. Their combination brings in a bridging effect between MWCNTs and NiCo-LDH, further leading to a large electrochemical active area and excellent catalytic activity of this hollow nanocage. The constructed sensor exhibits a detection limit as low as 0.03 μM for the glucose detection as well as wide linear ranges of 0.1–3000 μM and 3000–9231.8 μM, corresponding to the sensitivity of 2.55 and 1.15 μA mM−1 cm−2, respectively. Moreover, this sensor enables the tracking of glucose concentration change in salivary before and after food intake. This work offers new highly sensitive sensing materials and potentially valuable approaches for non-invasive glucose detection.
The detection of subclinical ectasia is important in preoperative screening for laser-refractive surgery. Previous studies have confirmed the impact of corneal diameter on the diagnostic accuracy of ...several ectasia indices in tomographically normal eyes.
This study aimed to investigate the influence of corneal diameter on the diagnostic accuracy of Pentacam tomographic indices in eyes with forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC) and thin corneas.
One hundred and one eyes of 101 patients with FFKC (FFKC group), 104 eyes of 104 patients with a corneal thickness <490 μm (thin cornea group), and 200 eyes of 200 normal subjects (normal group) were analysed in the study. Pentacam ectasia indices were compared between the groups.
The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the standardised coefficients for corneal diameter and overall deviation of normality (BAD-D) were -0.386, -0.552, and -0.552 for the FFKC, thin cornea, and normal groups, respectively (
< 0.001). Comparing for the classifications (normal versus abnormal) of the individual indices demonstrated that for corneal diameters ≤11.9 mm, the rates of abnormal cases were significantly higher in the FFKC group than in the normal group for seven indices and in the thin cornea group than normal group for nine indices. For corneal diameters >11.9 mm, the rates of abnormal cases were higher in the FFKC than normal group for three indices and higher in the thin cornea group than normal group for seven indices.
Belin/Ambrosio Enhanced Ectasia display indices may underestimate the risk of ectasia in patients with large corneas, especially those with FFKC.
Non‐noble metal electrocatalysis has witnessed rapid and profound performance improvements owing to the emergence of advanced nanosynthetic techniques. Integration of these nanotechniques can lead to ...synergistic performance enhancement, but such system‐engineering strategies are difficult to achieve because of the lack of effective synthesis method. We hereby demonstrate an integrated approach that combines most of the existing nanotechniques in a facile one‐pot synthesis. Material characterization reveals that the product shows key features intended by techniques including morphological, structural, doping, heterointerface, and surface wetting engineering. The as‐obtained nitrogen‐doped hierarchical heterostructured MoSx/Ni3S2 nanowires show an overpotential that is only 50 mV higher than commercial Pt/C for hydrogen evolution reaction over current densities from 10 to 150 mA cm−2. Correlations between the adopted nanotechniques and the electrochemical reaction rates are established by evaluating the impacts of individual techniques on the activation energy, pre‐exponential factor, and transfer coefficient. This in‐depth analysis provides a full account of the synergistic effects and the overall improvement in electrocatalytic performance of hydrogen evolution reaction. This work manifests a generic strategy for multipurpose material design in non‐noble metal electrocatalysis.
A system‐engineering approach combining morphological, structural, doping, heterointerface, and surface wetting engineering has been demonstrated for design of efficient and robust HER electrocatalyst. Synergistic effect is manifested by the effect of individual material design strategy on the HER reaction rate.
Taxaceae, is a class of dioecious and evergreen plant with substantial economic and ecology value. At present many phytochemical analyses have been performed in Taxus plants. And various biological ...constituents have been isolated from various Taxus species. However, the difference of compounds and antioxidant capacity of different tissues of T. media is not clear.
In the present study, we investigated the metabolites and antioxidant activity of four tissues of T. media, including T. media bark (TB), T. media fresh leaves (TFL), T. media seeds (TS), T. media aril (TA). In total, 808 compounds, covering 11 subclasses, were identified by using UPLC-MS/MS. Paclitaxel, the most popular anticancer compound, was found to accumulate most in TS, followed by TB, TFL and TA in order. Further analysis found that 70 key differential metabolites with VIP > 1.0 and p < 0.05, covering 8 subclasses, were screened as the key differential metabolites in four tissues. The characteristic compounds of TFL mainly included flavonoids and tanninsis. Alkaloids and phenolic acids were major characteristic compounds of TS and TB respectively. Amino acids and derivatives, organic acids, saccharides and lipids were the major characteristic compounds of TA. Additionally, based on FRAP and ABTS method, TS and TFL exhibited higher antioxidant activity than TB and TA.
There was significant difference in metabolite content among different tissues of T. media. TFL and TS had higher metabolites and antioxidant capacity than other tissues, indicating that TFL and TS were more suitable for the development and utilization of T. media in foods and drinks.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a widespread bacterium that causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry. APEC biofilm formation may result in chronic, persistent, and ...recurrent infections in clinics, making treatment challenging. Baicalein is a natural product that exhibits antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. This study investigates the inhibitory effect of baicalein on APEC biofilm formation at different stages. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of baicalein on APEC was determined, and the growth curve of APEC biofilm formation was determined. The effects of baicalein on APEC biofilm adhesion, accumulation, and maturation were observed using optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The biofilm inhibition rate of baicalein was calculated at different stages. The MIC of baicalein against APEC was 256 μg/mL. The process of APEC biofilm maturation takes approximately 48 h after incubation, with initial adhesion completed at 12 h, and cell accumulation finished at 24 h. Baicalein had a significant inhibitory effect on APEC biofilm formation at concentrations above 1 μg/mL (p < 0.01). Notably, baicalein had the highest rate of biofilm formation inhibition when added at the adhesion stage. Therefore, it can be concluded that baicalein is a potent inhibitor of APEC biofilm formation in vitro and acts, primarily by inhibiting cell adhesion. These findings suggests that baicalein has a potential application for inhibiting APEC biofilm formation and provides a novel approach for the prevention and control APEC-related diseases.
Display omitted
•Baicalein has potent inhibitory activity against APEC biofilm formation。•Baicalin mainly inhibits APEC adhesion and achieves the antibiofilm in vitro.•Baicalein has a potential application prospect in preventing and controlling APEC-related diseases.
Comparable data on trends of hospitalization rates for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) remain unavailable in representative Asian populations.To examine the ...temporal trends of hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its subtypes in Beijing.Patients hospitalized for AMI in Beijing from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2012 were identified from the validated Hospital Discharge Information System. Trends in hospitalization rates, in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and hospitalization costs were analyzed by regression models for total AMI and for STEMI and NSTEMI separately. In total, 77,943 patients were admitted for AMI in Beijing during the 6 years, among whom 67.5% were males and 62.4% had STEMI. During the period, the rate of AMI hospitalization per 100,000 population increased by 31.2% (from 55.8 to 73.3 per 100,000 population) after age standardization, with a slight decrease in STEMI but a 3-fold increase in NSTEMI. The ratio of STEMI to NSTEMI decreased dramatically from 6.5:1.0 to 1.3:1.0. The age-standardized in-hospital mortality decreased from 11.2% to 8.6%, with a significant decreasing trend evident for STEMI in males and females (P < 0.001) and for NSTEMI in males (P = 0.02). The rate of percutaneous coronary intervention increased from 28.7% to 55.6% among STEMI patients. The total cost for AMI hospitalization increased by 56.8% after adjusting for inflation, although the LOS decreased by 1 day.The hospitalization burden for AMI has been increasing in Beijing with a transition from STEMI to NSTEMI. Diverse temporal trends in AMI subtypes from the unselected "real-world" data in Beijing may help to guide the management of AMI in China and other developing countries.
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