Many existing studies of social comparison focus on the psychological component, but the reality of users’ lived experiences is that most users incorporate multiple platforms into their communication ...practices in order to access the people and networks they desire to influence. This paper delves into the phenomenon of social comparison on social media platforms, examined through the lens of media and communication studies. Particularly emphasized is the role of algorithmic curation and the emergence of social media influencers as modern benchmarks of success and aspiration. This paper endeavors to offer a comprehensive understanding of the intertwined dynamics of technological affordances, socio-cultural catalysts, and psychological impacts in the realm of digital social comparison. Finally, the paper reflects on potential strategies to navigate this complex terrain, aiming to strike a balance between digital engagement and mental well-being. The overarching aim is to foster a digital environment that, while enabling connection and expression, also ensures the psychological well-being of its users.
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) during pregnancy is associated with several adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. A reliable and valid screening tool for GAD should lead to earlier detection ...and treatment. Among pregnant Peruvian women, a brief screening tool, the GAD-7, has not been validated. This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the GAD-7.
Of 2,978 women who attended their first perinatal care visit and had the GAD-7 screening, 946 had a Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). The Cronbach's alpha was calculated to examine the reliability. We assessed the criterion validity by calculating operating characteristics. The construct validity was evaluated using factor analysis and association with health status on the CIDI. The cross-cultural validity was explored using the Rasch Rating Scale Model (RSM).
The reliability of the GAD-7 was good (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). A cutoff score of 7 or higher, maximizing the Youden Index, yielded a sensitivity of 73.3% and a specificity of 67.3%. One-factor structure of the GAD-7 was confirmed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Concurrent validity was supported by the evidence that higher GAD-7 scores were associated with poor self-rated physical and mental health. The Rasch RSM further confirmed the cross-cultural validity of the GAD-7.
The results suggest that the Spanish-language version of the GAD-7 may be used as a screening tool for pregnant Peruvian women. The GAD-7 has good reliability, factorial validity, and concurrent validity. The optimal cutoff score obtained by maximizing the Youden Index should be considered cautiously; women who screened positive may require further investigation to confirm GAD diagnosis.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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•Two new copper compounds 1 and 2 containing flexible 3, 5, 6-Htcpa ligands have been synthesized and characterized.•1 is a doubly mononuclear cocrystal and 2 is an oxalato-bridged ...binuclear structure.•Magnetic measurements indicated both weak antiferromagnetic coupling behavior in 1 and 2.•2 can be obtained with 1 as one of the starting marerials associated with greatly conformational variation.
Two new copper compounds, namely Cu(3,5,6-tcpa)2(H2O)4·Cu(3,5,6-tcpa)2(H2O)2 (1) and Cu2(3,5,6-tcpa)2(2,2′-bipy)2(oxa)·2EtOH (2) (3,5,6-Htcpa = 2-((3,5,6-trichloro pyridin-2-yl)oxy)acetic acid, 2,2′-bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine, oxa = oxalate dianion), have been synthesized by solvothermal method and systematically characterized. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis show that 1 is an interesting double mononuclear cocrystal and consists of two discrete and stereochemically different complexes: one octahedral, the other tetrahedral about the copper centres. While for 2, two equivalent copper ions are in square pyramidal geometry and linked by oxalate anion forming a novel binuclear cluster. The OH···O hydrogen bonds, Cl···Cl halogen bonds and/or π···π stacking interactions play an important part in construction of the 3D networks for 1 and 2. The magnetic measurements indicate that there is weak antiferromagnetic coupling between two copper ions in 1 and 2. Notably, compound 2 also can be obtained in a higher yield with 1 as one of the starting material and the driving force for this transition process have been carefully discussed.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are at a higher risk of developing brain injury characterized by neuronal death. Melatonin, a hormone produced by the pineal gland, exerts neuroprotective effects ...against brain damage. However, the effect of melatonin on diabetes‐induced brain injury has not been elucidated. This study was to evaluate the role of melatonin against neuronal death in DM and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we found that melatonin administration significantly alleviated the neuronal death in both streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic mice and high glucose (HG)‐treated neuronal cells. Melatonin inhibited neuronal pyroptosis and excessive autophagy, as evidenced by decreased levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase‐1, GSDMD‐N, IL‐1β, LC3, Beclin1, and ATG12 both in vivo and in vitro. MicroRNA‐214‐3p (miR‐214‐3p) was decreased in DM mice and HG‐treated cells, and such a downregulation was corrected by melatonin, which was accompanied by repression of caspase‐1 and ATG12. Furthermore, downregulation of miR‐214‐3p abrogated the anti‐pyroptotic and anti‐autophagic actions of melatonin in vitro. Our results indicate that melatonin exhibits a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting neuronal pyroptosis and excessive autophagy through modulating the miR‐214‐3p/caspase‐1 and miR‐214‐3p/ATG12 axes, respectively, and it might be a potential agent for the treatment of brain damage in the setting of DM.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the eighth most prevalent cancer in the world, arises from the interaction of multiple factors including tobacco, alcohol consumption, and betel quid. ...Chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin, 5‐fluorouracil, and paclitaxel have now become the first‐line options for OSCC patients. Nevertheless, most OSCC patients eventually acquire drug resistance, leading to poor prognosis. With the discovery and identification of non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs), the functions of dysregulated ncRNAs in OSCC development and drug resistance are gradually being widely recognized. The mechanisms of drug resistance of OSCC are intricate and involve drug efflux, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, DNA damage repair, and autophagy. At present, strategies to explore the reversal of drug resistance of OSCC need to be urgently developed. Nano‐delivery and self‐cellular drug delivery platforms are considered as effective strategies to overcome drug resistance due to their tumor targeting, controlled release, and consistent pharmacokinetic profiles. In particular, the combined application of new technologies (including CRISPR systems) opened up new horizons for the treatment of drug resistance of OSCC. Hence, this review explored emerging regulatory functions of ncRNAs in drug resistance of OSCC, elucidated multiple ncRNA‐meditated mechanisms of drug resistance of OSCC, and discussed the potential value of drug delivery platforms using nanoparticles and self‐cells as carriers in drug resistance of OSCC.
The mechanisms of drug resistance are intricate and involve drug efflux, epithelial mesenchymal transition, DNA damage repair, and autophagy. Nano‐delivery and self‐cellular drug delivery platforms have a broad prospective for alleviating OSCC drug resistance. In particular, the combined application of new technologies (including CRISPR systems) opens up new horizons for treatment of OSCC drug resistance.
Comorbid familial nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) and congenital cataract (CC) have not been reported previously, and no single human gene has been associated with both diseases in humans. Our ...purpose was to uncover novel human mutations and genes causing familial NOA and CC.
We performed whole-exome sequencing for two brothers with both NOA and CC from a consanguineous family. Mutation screening of TDRD7 was performed in another similar consanguineous family and 176 patients with azoospermia or CC alone and 520 healthy controls. Histological analysis was performed for the biopsied testicle sample in one patient, and knockout mice were constructed to verify the phenotype of the mutation in TDRD7.
Two novel loss-of-function mutations (c.324_325insA (T110Nfs*30) and c.688_689insA (p.Y230X), respectively) of TDRD7 were found in the affected patients from the two unrelated consanguineous families. Histological analysis demonstrated a lack of mature sperm in the male patient's seminiferous tubules. The mutations were not detected in patients with CC or NOA alone. Mice with Tdrd7 gene disrupted at a similar position precisely replicated the human syndrome.
We identified TDRD7 causing CC as a new pathogenic gene for male azoospermia in human, with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance.
The syndrome of multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) is a specific kind of asthenoteratozoospermia with a mosaic of flagellar morphological abnormalities (absent, short, ...bent, coiled, and irregular flagella). MMAF was proposed in 2014 and has attracted increasing attention; however, it has not been clearly understood. In this review, we elucidate the definition of MMAF from a systematical view, the difference between MMAF and other conditions with asthenoteratozoospermia or asthenozoospermia (such as primary mitochondrial sheath defects and primary ciliary dyskinesia), the knowledge regarding its etiological mechanism and related genetic findings, and the clinical significance of MMAF for intracytoplasmic sperm injection and genetic counseling. This review provides the basic knowledge for MMAF and puts forward some suggestions for further investigations.
No‐till (NT) is a sustainable option because of its benefits in controlling erosion, saving labor, and mitigating climate change. However, a comprehensive assessment of soil pH response to NT is ...still lacking. Thus, a global meta‐analysis was conducted to determine the effects of NT on soil pH and to identify the influential factors and possible consequences based on the analysis of 114 publications. When comparing tillage practices, the results indicated an overall significant decrease by 1.33 ± 0.28% in soil pH under NT than that under conventional tillage (p < .05). Soil texture, NT duration, mean annual temperature (MAT), and initial soil pH are the critical factors affecting soil pH under NT. Specifically, with significant variations among subgroups, when compared to conventional tillage, the soil under NT had lower relative changes in soil pH observed on clay loam soil (−2.44%), long‐term implementation (−2.11% for more than 15 years), medium MAT (−1.87% in the range of 8–16℃), neutral soil pH (−2.28% for 6.5 < initial soil pH < 7.5), mean annual precipitation (−1.95% in the range of 600–1200 mm), in topsoil layers (−2.03% for 0–20 cm), with crop rotation (−1.98%), N fertilizer input (the same for NT and conventional tillage) of 100–200 kg N ha−1 (−1.83%), or crop residue retention (−1.52%). Changes in organic matter decomposition under undisturbed soil and with crop residue retention might lead to a higher concentration of H+ and lower of basic cations (i.e., calcium, magnesium, and potassium), which decrease the soil pH, and consequently, impact nutrient dynamics (i.e., soil phosphorus) in the surface layer under NT. Furthermore, soil acidification may be aggravated by NT within site‐specific conditions and improper fertilizer and crop residue management and consequently leading to adverse effects on soil nutrient availability. Thus, there is a need to identify strategies to ameliorate soil acidification under NT to minimize the adverse consequences.
A global meta‐analysis was conducted to indicate that NT could significantly reduce the soil pH. Variations in the soil pH among different regions and/or pedoclimatic conditions were observed. Combined with the model selection analysis, four essential drivers were confirmed. A higher concentration of H+ and lower basic cations may enhance the risk of NT to acidify the soil. Consequently, nitrogen and other soil nutrients were impacted, especially in the surface soil. Potential strategies to ameliorate soil acidification maybe the optimal combination of NT with site‐specific fertilization and crop residue management practices.
The electrocatalytic activity of transition-metal-based compounds is strongly related to the spin states. However, the underlying relationship connecting spin to catalytic activity remains unclear. ...Herein, we carried out density functional theory calculations on oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyzed by Fe single-atom supported on C2N (C2N–Fe) to shed light on this relationship. It is found that the change of electronic spin moments of Fe and O2 due to molecular-catalyst adsorption scales with the amount of electron transfer from Fe to O2, which promotes the catalytic activity of C2N–Fe for driving ORR. The nearly linear relationship between the catalytic activity and spin moment variation suggests electronic spin moment as a promising catalytic descriptor for Fe single-atom based catalysts. Following the revealed relationship, the ORR barrier on C2N–Fe was tuned to be as low as 0.10 eV through judicious manipulation of spin states. These findings thus provide important insights into the relationship between catalytic activity and spin, leading to new strategies for designing transition metal single-atom catalysts.
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