Conductive, stretchable, environmentally‐friendly, and strain‐sensitive elastomers are attracting immense research interest because of their potential applications in various areas, such as ...human–machine interfaces, healthcare monitoring, and soft robots. Herein, a binary networked elastomer is reported based on a composite hydrogel of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI), which is demonstrated to be ultrastretchable, mechanically robust, biosafe, and antibacterial. The mechanical stretchability and toughness of the hydrogels are optimized by tuning the constituent ratio and water content. The optimal hydrogel (PVA2PEI1‐75) displays an impressive tensile strain as high as 500% with a corresponding tensile stress of 0.6 MPa. Furthermore, the hydrogel elastomer is utilized to fabricate piezoresistive sensors. The as‐made strain sensor displays seductive capability to monitor and distinguish multifarious human motions with high accuracy and sensitivity, like facial expressions and vocal signals. Therefore, the elastomer reported in this study holds great potential for sensing applications in the era of the Internet of Things (IoTs).
A binary networked elastomer based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) exhibits ultrastretchable, mechanically robust, biosafety, and antibacterial properties. Through optimizing the constituent ratio and water content, the composite hydrogel displays seductive elasticity and is further used to monitor and distinguish multifarious human motions with high accuracy and sensitivity, like facial expressions and vocal signals.
Defects can introduce atomic structural modulation and tailor performance of materials. Herein, it demonstrates that semiconductor WO
with inert electrocatalytic behavior can be activated through ...defect-induced tensile strains. Structural characterizations reveal that when simply treated in Ar/H
atmosphere, oxygen vacancies will generate in WO
and cause defective structures. Stacking faults are found in defects, thus modulating electronic structure and transforming electrocatalytic-inert WO
into highly active electrocatalysts. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed to calculate
H adsorption energies on various WO
surfaces, revealing the oxygen vacancy composition and strain predicted to optimize the catalytic activity of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Such defective tungsten oxides can be integrated into commercial proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyser with comparable performance toward Pt-based PEM. This work demonstrates defective metal oxides as promising non-noble metal catalysts for commercial PEM green-hydrogen generation.
Phospholipases play vital roles in immune and inflammatory responses in mammals and plants; however, knowledge of phospholipase functions in fungi is limited. In this study, we investigated the ...effects of deleting predicted phospholipase genes on cellulase and xylanase production, and morphological phenotype, in
Penicillium oxalicum
. Individual deletion of nine of the ten predicted phospholipase genes resulted in alteration of cellulase and xylanase production, and the morphological phenotypes, to various degrees. The mutant ∆
POX07277
lost 22.5 to 82.8% of cellulase (i.e., filter paper cellulase, carboxymethylcellulase, and
p
-nitrophenyl-β-cellobiosidase) and xylanase production, whereas
p
-nitrophenyl-β-glucopyranosidase production increased by 5.8–127.8 fold.
POX07277
(
P. oxalicum
gene No. 07277) was predicted to encode phospholipase A2 and was found to negatively affect the sporulation of
P. oxalicum
. Comparative transcriptomic and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis indicated that
POX07277
dynamically affected the expression of cellulase and xylanase genes and the regulatory genes for fungal sporulation, under micro-crystalline cellulose induction.
POX07277
was required for the expression of the known regulatory gene
PoxCxrB
(cellulolytic and xylanolytic regulator B in
P. oxalicum
), which is involved in cellulase and xylanase gene expression in
P. oxalicum
. Conversely,
POX07277
expression was regulated by
PoxCxrB
. These findings will aid the understanding of phospholipase functions and provide novel insights into the mechanism of fungal cellulase and xylanase gene expression.
Key points
• The roles of phospholipases were investigated in Penicillium oxalicum.
• POX07277 (PLA
2
) is required for the expression of cellulase and xylanase genes.
• PoxCxrB dynamically regulated POX07277 expression.
Women with positive high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) need efficient triage testing to determine colposcopy referrals. Triage strategies of combining p16/Ki-67 with extended HPV genotyping were ...evaluated in this study. In total, 899 women attending cervical cancer screening program and 858 women referred to colposcopy from five hospitals were recruited. All the participants were tested by HPV assays and p16/Ki-67 dual staining. Colposcopy and biopsy were performed on women with any abnormal results. HPV genotypes were divided into four strata (HPV16/18, HPV31/33/58/52, HPV45/59/56/66, and HPV51/39/68/35) according to their risks for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse (CIN3+). The positive rates of four genotype strata among CIN3+ women were 3.47% (HPV51/39/68/35), 7.73% (HPV45/59/56/66), 14.7% (HPV31/33/58/52), and 78.1% (HPV16/18), respectively (
< 0.001). The positive rates of p16/Ki-67 increased with the elevation of HPV risk hierarchical from 65.0% in HPV51/39/68/35-positive women to 88.0% in HPV16/18-positive women (
< 0.001). p16/Ki-67 was an effective method for risk stratification of CIN2+ among HPV31/33/58/52- and HPV45/59/56/66-positive women HPV31/33/58/52: OR for dual stain+ (OR
) of 26.7 (16.8-42.4) and OR for dual stain- (OR
) of 3.87(1.89-7.91); HPV45/59/56/66: OR
of 10.3(5.05-21.0) and OR
of 1.27(0.38-4.26). The combination of HPV16/18 genotyping and p16/Ki-67 triage of HPV31/33/58/52/45/59/56/66-positive women resulted in a lower referral rate (40.1% vs. 41.3%;
< 0.001) as compared with triage of 12 other HPV-positive women with p16/Ki-67, although sensitivity and specificity levels for these two strategies were identical. Combining HPV extended genotyping and p16/Ki-67 can be considered as a promising strategy for cervical cancer screening and triage.
In article number 1904758, Zhou Li and co‐workers design a binary networked elastomer consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI). Based on the ultrastretchable, tough and ...conductive elastomer, piezoresistive sensors are fabricated and demonstrate a seductive capability to monitor and distinguish multifarious human motions with high accuracy and sensitivity, like facial expressions and vocal signals.
Phospholipases play vital roles in immune and inflammatory responses in mammals and plants; however, knowledge of phospholipase functions in fungi is limited. In this study, we investigated the ...effects of deleting predicted phospholipase genes on cellulase and xylanase production, and morphological phenotype, in Penicillium oxalicum. Individual deletion of nine of the ten predicted phospholipase genes resulted in alteration of cellulase and xylanase production, and the morphological phenotypes, to various degrees. The mutant âPOX07277 lost 22.5 to 82.8% of cellulase (i.e., filter paper cellulase, carboxymethylcellulase, and p-nitrophenyl-beta-cellobiosidase) and xylanase production, whereas p-nitrophenyl-beta-glucopyranosidase production increased by 5.8-127.8 fold. POX07277 (P. oxalicum gene No. 07277) was predicted to encode phospholipase A2 and was found to negatively affect the sporulation of P. oxalicum. Comparative transcriptomic and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis indicated that POX07277 dynamically affected the expression of cellulase and xylanase genes and the regulatory genes for fungal sporulation, under micro-crystalline cellulose induction. POX07277 was required for the expression of the known regulatory gene PoxCxrB (cellulolytic and xylanolytic regulator B in P. oxalicum), which is involved in cellulase and xylanase gene expression in P. oxalicum. Conversely, POX07277 expression was regulated by PoxCxrB. These findings will aid the understanding of phospholipase functions and provide novel insights into the mechanism of fungal cellulase and xylanase gene expression.
In order to investigate the effects of post-anthesis irrigation frequency on the grain quality of strong gluten winter wheat, two cultivars Jimai 20 and Gaocheng 8901 were subjected to a series of ...irrigation frequencies under rainfall proof conditions, with their grain yield and grain quality (farinograph parameters and loaf volume) and protein composition evaluated. The results indicated that with increasing irrigation frequency, the grain yield of the two cultivars, their wheat flour dough development time, dough stability time, and loaf volume were noted to be increased first but decreased then. The grain yield and quality of Gaocheng 8901 were the highest when irrigated once after anthesis, while those of Jimai 20 were the best when irrigated twice after anthesis, respectively. The contents of monomeric protein, soluble glutenin, insoluble glutenin, total glutenin, flour protein, and wet gluten in the grains displayed the similar trends. Stepwise regression analysis showed that under the test post-anthesis irrigation frequencies, the key factor affecting dough stability time was insoluble glutenin content, and loaf volume was significantly correlated with total glutenin content. It was suggested that to maintain the quality stability of high grade strong gluten winter wheat, irrigation management should take the improvement of grain protein composition, and glutenin in particular, as the target.
Phospholipases play vital roles in immune and inflammatory responses in mammals and plants; however, knowledge of phospholipase functions in fungi is limited. In this study, we investigated the ...effects of deleting predicted phospholipase genes on cellulase and xylanase production, and morphological phenotype, in Penicillium oxalicum. Individual deletion of nine of the ten predicted phospholipase genes resulted in alteration of cellulase and xylanase production, and the morphological phenotypes, to various degrees. The mutant ∆POX07277 lost 22.5 to 82.8% of cellulase (i.e., filter paper cellulase, carboxymethylcellulase, and p-nitrophenyl-β-cellobiosidase) and xylanase production, whereas p-nitrophenyl-β-glucopyranosidase production increased by 5.8-127.8 fold. POX07277 (P. oxalicum gene No. 07277) was predicted to encode phospholipase A2 and was found to negatively affect the sporulation of P. oxalicum. Comparative transcriptomic and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis indicated that POX07277 dynamically affected the expression of cellulase and xylanase genes and the regulatory genes for fungal sporulation, under micro-crystalline cellulose induction. POX07277 was required for the expression of the known regulatory gene PoxCxrB (cellulolytic and xylanolytic regulator B in P. oxalicum), which is involved in cellulase and xylanase gene expression in P. oxalicum. Conversely, POX07277 expression was regulated by PoxCxrB. These findings will aid the understanding of phospholipase functions and provide novel insights into the mechanism of fungal cellulase and xylanase gene expression. KEY POINTS : • The roles of phospholipases were investigated in Penicillium oxalicum. • POX07277 (PLA
) is required for the expression of cellulase and xylanase genes. • PoxCxrB dynamically regulated POX07277 expression.
To make and identify the monoclonal antibody against AIB1-N.
BALB/c mice were immunized with purified GST-AIB1-N protein, McAb against AIB1-N was produced by hybridoma technique. ELISA and ...Western-blot were used to identify the immunoglobin subtype and specificity. Results A hybridoma cell was successfully produced to secrete the McAb against AIB1-N, which was identified to belong in IgG1 subtype. By western-blot, the McAb against AIB1 displayed strongly specificity and high affinity.
The McAb against AIB1 protein may be a useful tool for studying the biological properties of AIB1 expression and the clinical laboratory detection.
By employing an electrical micro-titration system, in which a capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector（C^4D） was used to monitor the reaction process in real time, herein a novel method ...for determining ciprofloxacin hydrochloride（CIPHCl） was developed for the first time. Mode 1： Standard CIPHCl solutions at different concentrations were loaded into reaction cells, respectively, and were titrated with standard Ag^＋. Upon the titration, the formation of a precipitate alters the number of ions in the solution, raising the change of conductivity, which was monitored by a special C-4 D to construct a titration curve. The endpoint of the titration was located from the peak of the curve. Between the elapsed time and the initial concentration of titrand, a linear relationship was established over the range of2.0–8.0 mmol/L. Mode 2： Standard Fe^3＋ took the place of Ag^＋, and was used as titrant to recognize ciprofloxacin contributed to the formation of complexation, which also resulting a change of solution conductivity. Under optimized conditions, a working range of 1.0–5.0 mmol/L CIPHCl was found. Because the reaction solutions were isolated from the working electrodes, this pioneer work shows significant simplicity and cost-effectiveness, by eliminating the requirements for detector exchange/renewal between different measurements, and by involving no auxiliary chemicals. Both of the two approaches were applied successfully to determine CIPHCl in tablet samples. And the results were in good agreement with those obtained by reference method.
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